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Author : Bosun Xie
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 501 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Auditory perception
ISBN : 1680154915
Author : Bosun Xie
Publisher : J. Ross Publishing
Page : 505 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2013-07-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781604270709
This book systematically details the basic principles and applications of head-related transfer function (HRTF) and virtual auditory display (VAD), and reviews the latest developments in the field, especially those from the author’s own state-of-the-art research group. Head-Related Transfer Function and Virtual Auditory Display covers binaural hearing and the basic principles, experimental measurements, computation, physical characteristics analyses, filter design, and customization of HRTFs. It also details the principles and applications of VADs, including headphone and loudspeaker-based binaural reproduction, virtual reproduction of stereophonic and multi-channel surround sound, binaural room simulation, rendering systems for dynamic and real-time virtual auditory environments, psychoacoustic evaluation and validation of VADs, and a variety of applications of VADs. This guide provides all the necessary knowledge and latest results for researchers, graduate students, and engineers who work in the field of HRTF and VAD.
Author : Kazuhiro Iida
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811397455
This book covers all aspects of head-related transfer function (HRTF), from the fundamentals through to the latest applications, such as 3D sound systems. An introductory chapter defines HRTF, describes the coordinate system used in the book, and presents the most recent research achievements in the field. HRTF and sound localization in the horizontal and median planes are then explained, followed by discussion of individual differences in HRTF, solutions to this individuality (personalization of HRTF), and methods of sound image control for an arbitrary 3D direction, encompassing both classic theory and state of the art data. The relations between HRTF and sound image distance and between HRTF and speech intelligibility are fully explored, and measurement and signal processing methods for HRTF are examined in depth. Here, supplementary material is provided to enable readers to measure and analyze HRTF by themselves. In addition, some typical HRTF databases are compared. The final two chapters are devoted to the principles and applications of acoustic virtual reality. This clearly written book will be ideal for all who wish to learn about HRTF and how to use it in their research.
Author : Ramona Bomhardt
Publisher : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2017-09-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783832545437
Human sound localization helps to pay attention to spatially separated speakers using interaural level and time differences as well as angle-dependent monaural spectral cues. In a monophonic teleconference, for instance, it is much more difficult to distinguish between different speakers due to missing binaural cues. Spatial positioning of the speakers by means of binaural reproduction methods using head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) enhances speech comprehension. These HRTFs are influenced by the torso, head and ear geometry as they describe the propagation path of the sound from a source to the ear canal entrance. Through this geometry-dependency, the HRTF is directional and subject-dependent. To enable a sufficient reproduction, individual HRTFs should be used. However, it is tremendously difficult to measure these HRTFs. For this reason this thesis proposes approaches to adapt the HRTFs applying individual anthropometric dimensions of a user. Since localization at low frequencies is mainly influenced by the interaural time difference, two models to adapt this difference are developed and compared with existing models. Furthermore, two approaches to adapt the spectral cues at higher frequencies are studied, improved and compared. Although the localization performance with individualized HRTFs is slightly worse than with individual HRTFs, it is nevertheless still better than with non-individual HRTFs, taking into account the measurement effort.
Author : Randall Shumaker
Publisher : Springer
Page : 764 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2007-08-24
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540733355
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Virtual Reality, ICVR 2007, held in Beijing, China. It covers 3D rendering and visualization, interacting and navigating in virtual and augmented environments, industrial applications of virtual reality, as well as health, cultural, educational and entertainment applications.
Author : Hervé Glotin
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2014-03-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789535112266
Book Soundscape Semiotics - Localization and Categorization is a research publication that covers original research on developments within the Soundscape Semiotics field of study. The book is a collection of reviewed scholarly contributions written by different authors. Each scholarly contribution represents a chapter and each chapter is complete in itself but related to the major topics and objectives. The chapters included in the book are divided in two section. First section - Advanced Signal Processing Methodologies for Soundscape Analysis contains 5 chapters, and second section - Human Hearing Estimations and Cognitive Soundscape Analysis 3 chapters. The target audience comprises scholars and specialists in the field.
Author : Durand R. Begault
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Computer sound processing
ISBN : NASA:31769000634181
Author : Bosun Xie
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 1130 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2022-10-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000642865
Spatial sound is an enhanced and immersive set of audio techniques which provides sound in three-dimensional virtual space. This comprehensive handbook sets out the basic principles and methods with a representative group of applications: sound field and spatial hearing; principles and analytic methods of various spatial sound systems, including two-channel stereophonic sound, and multichannel horizontal and spatial surround sound; ambisonics; wavefield synthesis; binaural playback and virtual auditory display; recording and synthesis, and storage and transmission of spatial sound signals; and objective and subjective evaluation. Applications range from cinemas to small mobile devices. The only book to review spatial sound principles and applications extensively Covers the whole field of spatial sound The book suits researchers, graduate students, and specialist engineers in acoustics, audio, and signal processing.
Author : Robert Gilkey,Timothy R. Anderson
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 836 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2014-02-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317780267
The current popular and scientific interest in virtual environments has provided a new impetus for investigating binaural and spatial hearing. However, the many intriguing phenomena of spatial hearing have long made it an exciting area of scientific inquiry. Psychophysical and physiological investigations of spatial hearing seem to be converging on common explanations of underlying mechanisms. These understandings have in turn been incorporated into sophisticated yet mathematically tractable models of binaural interaction. Thus, binaural and spatial hearing is one of the few areas in which professionals are soon likely to find adequate physiological explanations of complex psychological phenomena that can be reasonably and usefully approximated by mathematical and physical models. This volume grew out of the Conference on Binaural and Spatial Hearing, a four-day event held at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in response to rapid developments in binaural and spatial hearing research and technology. Meant to be more than just a proceedings, it presents chapters that are longer than typical proceedings papers and contain considerably more review material, including extensive bibliographies in many cases. Arranged into topical sections, the chapters represent major thrusts in the recent literature. The authors of the first chapter in each section have been encouraged to take a broad perspective and review the current state of literature. Subsequent chapters in each section tend to be somewhat more narrowly focused, and often emphasize the authors' own work. Thus, each section provides overview, background, and current research on a particular topic. This book is significant in that it reviews the important work during the past 10 to 15 years, and provides greater breadth and depth than most of the previous works.
Author : Dik J. Hermes
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 840 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2023-06-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031255663
This book presents a comprehensive review of how acoustic waves are processed by the auditory system into structured sounds such as musical melodies, speech utterances, or environmental sounds. After an introduction, an overview is given of how the ears distribute acoustic information over a large array of frequency channels that contain the auditory information used by the central nervous system to generate a mental image of what is happening around the listener. This process, called auditory scene analysis, consists of two stages. In the first stage, auditory units are formed such as musical tones and speech syllables. Each auditory unit is perceived at a well-defined moment in time, the beat location of that auditory unit. Moreover, from this process of auditory-unit formation, the auditory attributes of these auditory units emerge, such as their timbre, their pitch, their loudness, and their perceived location. Each of these attributes is discussed in the corresponding chapter. In the second stage of auditory scene analysis, auditory-stream formation, the successive auditory units are integrated into auditory streams, i.e., temporally structured sequences of auditory units that are perceived as emanating from one and the same sound source. Examples of such auditory streams are musical melodies and the utterances of one speaker. The temporal structure of an auditory stream, its rhythm, is determined by the beat locations of its auditory units. The role played by the auditory attributes of the consecutive auditory units is discussed. The melodies of musical streams and the intonation contours of spoken utterances emerge from this process. In music, the beats of parallel streams generally fit into a metric pattern, and, depending on harmony, simultaneous tones can be perceived as consonant or dissonant. Finally, the book contains many sound examples including the MATLAB scripts with which they are generated.
Author : Fausto Pedro García Márquez
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2022-08-25
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781803557656
This book describes and discusses the use of principal component analysis (PCA) for different types of problems in a variety of disciplines, including engineering, technology, economics, and more. It presents real-world case studies showing how PCA can be applied with other algorithms and methods to solve both large and small and static and dynamic problems. It also examines improvements made to PCA over the years.
Author : Shengzhao Long,Balbir S. Dhillon
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 603 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-09-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642389689
The integrated and advanced science research topic Man-Machine-Environment system engineering (MMESE) was first established in China by Professor Shengzhao Long in 1981, with direct support from one of the greatest modern Chinese scientists, Xuesen Qian. In a letter to Shengzhao Long from October 22nd, 1993, Xuesen Qian wrote: “You have created a very important modern science and technology in China!” MMESE primarily focuses on the relationship between man, machines and the environment, studying the optimum combination of man-machine-environment systems. In this system, “man” refers to people in the workplace (e.g. operators, decision-makers); “ machine” is the general name for any object controlled by man (including tools, machinery, computers, systems and technologies), and “environment” describes the specific working conditions under which man and machine interact (e.g. temperature, noise, vibration, hazardous gases etc.). The three goals of optimization of Man-Machine-Environment systems are to ensure safety, efficiency and economy. Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Man-Machine-Environment System Engineering are an academic showcase of the best papers selected from more than 400 submissions, introducing readers to the top research topics and the latest developmental trends in the theory and application of MMESE. These proceedings are interdisciplinary studies on the concepts and methods of physiology, psychology, system engineering, computer science, environment science, management, education, and other related disciplines. Researchers and professionals working in these interdisciplinary fields and researchers on MMESE related topics will benefit from these proceedings.
Author : National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Virtual Reality Research and Development
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 557 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1995-01-13
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780309051354
Despite widespread interest in virtual reality, research and development efforts in synthetic environments (SE)â€"the field encompassing virtual environments, teleoperation, and hybridsâ€"have remained fragmented. Virtual Reality is the first integrated treatment of the topic, presenting current knowledge along with thought-provoking vignettes about a future where SE is commonplace. This volume discusses all aspects of creating a system that will allow human operators to see, hear, smell, taste, move about, give commands, respond to conditions, and manipulate objects effectively in a real or virtual environment. The committee of computer scientists, engineers, and psychologists on the leading edge of SE development explores the potential applications of SE in the areas of manufacturing, medicine, education, training, scientific visualization, and teleoperation in hazardous environments. The committee also offers recommendations for development of improved SE technology, needed studies of human behavior and evaluation of SE systems, and government policy and infrastructure.
Author : Guillaume Andéol,Brian D. Simpson,Ewan A. Macpherson
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2016-08-29
Category : Directional hearing
ISBN : 9782889198566
Spatial-hearing ability has been found to vary widely across listeners. A survey of the existing auditory-space perception literature suggests that three main types of factors may account for this variability: - physical factors, e.g., acoustical characteristics related to sound-localization cues, - perceptual factors, e.g., sensory/cognitive processing, perceptual learning, multisensory interactions, - and methodological factors, e.g., differences in stimulus presentation methods across studies. However, the extent to which these–and perhaps other, still unidentified—factors actually contribute to the observed variability in spatial hearing across individuals with normal hearing or within special populations (e.g., hearing-impaired listeners) remains largely unknown. Likewise, the role of perceptual learning and multisensory interactions in the emergence of a multimodal but unified representation of “auditory space,” is still an active topic of research. A better characterization and understanding of the determinants of inter-individual variability in spatial hearing, and of its relationship with perceptual learning and multisensory interactions, would have numerous benefits. In particular, it would enhance the design of rehabilitative devices and of human-machine interfaces involving auditory, or multimodal space perception, such as virtual auditory/multimodal displays in aeronautics, or navigational aids for the visually impaired. For this Research Topic, we have considered manuscripts that: - present new methods, or review existing methods, for the study of inter-individual differences; - present new data (or review existing) data, concerning acoustical features relevant for explaining inter-individual differences in sound-localization performance; - present new (or review existing) psychophysical or neurophysiological findings concerning spatial hearing and/or auditory perceptual learning, and/or multisensory interactions in humans (normal or impaired, young or older listeners) or other species; - discuss the influence of inter-individual differences on the design and use of assistive listening devices (rehabilitation) or human-machine interfaces involving spatial hearing or multimodal perception of space (ergonomy).
Author : Brian F.G. Katz,Piotr Majdak
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2022-10-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781839690051
Spatial audio is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field, as it is closely linked to advances in computer technology and digital signal processing. The democratization of virtual reality hardware available as consumer devices has moved the field further out of traditional laboratory research, and directly into applied research targeting a wide range of consumers. Advances in Fundamental and Applied Research on Spatial Audio presents a collection of eight peer-reviewed chapters on this exciting area of research. The contributions are organized into three sections: “Acoustic Methodology”, “Perception”, and “Applications”, and cover a range of topics, addressing both headphone- and loudspeaker-based reproductions, offering both methodological overviews and specific case studies.
