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Author : Mihajlo (Michael) Jakovljevic,Zafer Çaliskan,Paula Odete Fernandes,Sulaiman Mouselli,Michael Ekubu Otim
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 101 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2022-02-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782889743049
Author : Pablo Enrique Gottret,George Schieber,Hugh Waters
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2008-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780821375129
This volume focuses on nine countries that have completed, or are well along in the process of carrying out, major health financing reforms. These countries have significantly expanded their people's health care coverage or maintained such coverage after prolonged political or economic shocks (e.g., following the collapse ofthe Soviet Union). In doing so, this report seeks to expand the evidence base on "good performance" in health financing reforms in low- and middle-income countries. The countries chosen for the study were Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Estonia, the Kyrgyz Republic, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Tunisia, and Vietnam.
Author : Kara Hanson,Dov Chernichovsky
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2009-06-26
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781848556645
Low- and middle-income countries face major challenges to their health systems. These include a high burden of communicable disease and an emerging non-communicable disease burden. This work deals with the elements of health care financing, focusing on middle- and low-income settings.
Author : Pablo Enrique Gottret,George Schieber
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780821365861
This overview of health financing tools, policies and trends--with a particular focus on challenges facing developing countries--provides the basis for effective policy-making. Analyzing the current global environment, the book discusses health financing goals in the context of both the underlying health, demographic, social, economic, political and demographic analytics as well as the institutional realities faced by developing countries, and assesses policy options in the context of global evidence, the international aid architecture, cross-sectoral interactions, and countries' macroeconomic frameworks and overall development plans.
Author : Maria-Luisa Escobar,Charles C. Griffin,R. Paul Shaw
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780815705611
Over the past twenty years, many low- and middle-income countries have experimented with health insurance options. While their plans have varied widely in scale and ambition, their goals are the same: to make health services more affordable through the use of public subsidies while also moving care providers partially or fully into competitive markets. Colombia embarked in 1993 on a fifteen-year effort to cover its entire population with insurance, in combination with greater freedom to choose among providers. A decade later Mexico followed suit with a program tailored to its federal system. Several African nations have introduced new programs in the past decade, and many are testing options for reform. For the past twenty years, Eastern Europe has been shifting from government-run care to insurance-based competitive systems, and both China and India have experimental programs to expand coverage. These nations are betting that insurance-based health care financing can increase the accessibility of services, increase providers' productivity, and change the population's health care use patterns, mirroring the development of health systems in most OECD countries. Until now, however, we have known little about the actual effects of these dramatic policy changes. Understanding the impact of health insurance–based care is key to the public policy debate of whether to extend insurance to low-income populations—and if so, how to do it—or to serve them through other means. Using recent household data, this book presents evidence of the impact of insurance programs in China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ghana, Indonesia, Namibia, and Peru. The contributors also discuss potential design improvements that could increase impact. They provide innovative insights on improving the evaluation of health insurance reforms and on building a robust knowledge base to guide policy as other countries tackle the health insurance challenge.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789240040298
Author : John S. Akin,Nancy Birdsall,David M. De Ferranti
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1987-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821309005
This report discusses several different approaches that support reforming health care services in developing countries. For some time now, health care services have been supported by government funds. As demands for improving health care services continue to increase additional demands will be placed on governments to respond. This, however, will not be easy. Slow economic growth and record budget deficits in the 1980's have forced reductions in public spending. Alternative approaches to finance health care services are needed. Such possible changes could involve: decentralization of federal government involvement; the promotion of nongovernment involvement; the imposition of user fees; and, establishing health insurance. Finally, the role of the Bank in pursuing new financing strategies is discussed.
Author : Cheryl Cashin
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 74 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2016-02-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464807978
The global movement toward universal health coverage (UHC) is accompanied by requests for large increases in government health spending in some countries. This combined with the global economic situation and stagnant economic growth across many low- and middle-income countries make it more critical than ever to place health financing discussions firmly in the context of macroeconomic and fiscal realities. Unfortunately, there is often a disconnect in decision making, with key fiscal decisions made in the absence of a clear understanding on the one hand of the potential consequences for the health sector, and on the other, the consequences for the country’s macroeconomic and fiscal position of increasing or reallocating government spending. Constructive health financing policy dialogue aims to reach a common understanding between health sector leaders and central budget authorities about policy objectives for the health sector and the resources needed to achieve those objectives, how much priority will be given to health in the government budget, and how the health sector will be held accountable for using funds effectively. This common understanding should be built on a realistic picture of the country’s macroeconomic and fiscal context, the constraints and competing priorities in the budget-setting process. When ministries of health and ministries of finance have a common understanding of macroeconomic and fiscal constraints, discussions can focus productively on using funds within the potential health resource envelope in the most effective way to achieve health system objectives. This guidance note outlines the key components of the macroeconomic, fiscal, and public financial management context that need to be considered for an informed health financing discussion at the country level. The guidance note is organized around four sets of questions that are key to placing the health financing dialogue in the context of a country’s macroeconomic and fiscal context. Each section points to measures, resources, and analytical tools that are available to assist in answering these questions for a specific country. The guidance note draws on case studies from 11 countries moving toward or sustaining universal health coverage conducted as part of the Japan†“World Bank Partnership Program on UHC as well as from other country examples.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2021-12-15
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9789240040373
Author : World Bank,World Health Organization,United States. Agency for International Development
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9241546077
National health accounts are a key practical tool for policy-makers interested in evaluating and restructuring their nation's health care financing and assessing financial interventions to improve people's health. This publication provides guidance in developing socioeconomic information to help establish a framework for national health accounts, including defining health expenditure, acquiring and evaluating data, non-survey data sources, using surveys, estimation procedures and financing agents.
Author : Alexander S. Preker,Guy Carrin
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780821355251
One of the most urgent development challenges facing many low and middle income countries is the need for adequate financing systems to pay for health care provision to the estimated 1.3 billion impoverished people living in rural areas or working in the informal sector in urban areas. This publication considers ways of improving the financing of health care at low income levels, as part of a global strategy for increased investment in health and poverty reduction. Topics discussed include: global and regional trends in healthcare financing; strengths and weaknesses of community-based health financing, and experiences in Asia and Africa; country case studies using household survey analysis from Senegal, Rwanda, India and Thailand; deficit financing; and the impact of risk sharing on achieving health system goals.
Author : Diane McIntyre
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Delivery of Health Care / economics
ISBN : 2940286531
Author : Akiko Maeda,World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012-05-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821394694
Any analysis of health financing issues has to begin with sound estimates of the level and flow of resources in a health system, including total levels of spending, the sources of health expenditures, the uses of funds in terms of services purchased, and in terms of who purchases them. The analysis should also aim at understanding how these resource flows are correlated with health system outcomes, including those of improving health, reducing health inequalities, and reducing the incidence of catastrophic health expenditure. National Health Accounts (NHA) provide a framework to collect, compile, and analyze such data on all types of health spending in a country—and so create a robust evidence base for policy making. Although NHA data delineate the key financial metrics of a health system, the collection of these data have not been institutionalized in most developing countries. The root problems are often the same: insufficient resources to collect, collate, analyze and produce information on spending; poor development of health and other information systems; low levels of local capacity to interpret information to meet policy needs; and inadequate demand for data within countries. Furthermore, in many low- and middle-income countries, NHA activities have been conducted as ad hoc, donor-driven initiatives. Since 2008, the World Bank has been coordinating a global initiative to identify bottlenecks to the institutionalization of NHA, and to learn lessons in countries at different stages on the journey towards this institutionalization. The focus has been less on the production of NHA and more on its relevance as a tool to enable policy makers develop and implement evidence-based decisions, and better measure the impact of health reforms, especially those related to health financing. This report has been developed through a consultative process, involving experts and policy makers from more than fifty low-, middle- and high-income countries, large and small, in all corners of the world, development partners and World Bank staff globally. The report represents a synthesis of lessons learned from country experiences and is intended to serve as a strategic guide to countries and their development partners as they design and implement their strategy to develop nationally relevant and internationally comparable data, collected in a routine and cost-effective manner.
Author : Hong Wang,Peter Berman
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 445 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2020-06-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811212420
The global health community is broadly in agreement that achievement of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) hinges upon both an escalation of the financial resources dedicated to primary health care (PHC) and a more effective use of those resources: more money, better spent. This book introduces and explicates the end-to-end resource tracking and management (RTM) framework, which includes five components that determine effective and efficient financing for PHC: resource mobilization, allocation, utilization, productivity, and targeting.In addition, this book compiles detailed results from the most recent RTM-based resource tracking efforts for PHC in selected countries. This is to demonstrate how the RTM framework can be used to bring a set of separate resource tracking efforts at different stages of flow of funds into a comprehensive process with an end-to-end 'storyline'. In order to build a functional PHC system that addresses access, quality, and equity issues, this book highlights the key (public) financing issues that researchers, technical advisors, and policy makers would need to address in addition to more resources.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2021-12-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789240041219