Heavy Metals In The Marine Environment

Author : Robert W. Furness
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2018-01-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351081603

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Heavy Metals in the Marine Environment by Robert W. Furness Pdf

The aim of this volume is to draw together state-of-the-art reviews of knowledge onlevels of heavy metals in marine environments (particularly in marine animals), the dynamicprocesses in these systems, toxic effects, and threats presented by heavy metals in foods ofmarine origin.All heavy metals, whether biologically essential or not, have the potential to be toxicto organisms at a threshold bioavailability. Such threshold concentrations vary betweenmetals, between species and with the physicochemical characteristics of the medium, somelike copper being particularly toxic even though essential in trace amounts. Responses ofanimals to metals in their medium or food depend to a large extent on the ability of speciesto regulate levels attained in their tissues. Higher animals have the capacity to regulate levelsof many metals, while marine invertebrates can regulate some within certain limits. Whereanimals cannot regulate physiological levels of metals, an alternative strategy is to detoxifyand store metals in relatively harmless forms. Knowledge of the manner in which animals deal with potentially toxic concentrations of heavy metals is of fundamental importance in the assessment of metal pollution by analysis of metal levels in biological samples. The interaction of heavy metals with biological materials is a key theme running through this volume. Toxic effects may be reflected at the individual, population, or ecosystem level, affecting species composition and production levels, or may be of direct dietary significance to man. The global cycling of metals through the marine environment is crucially affected by biological processes.

Author : G. Mance
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400934214

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Pollution Threat of Heavy Metals in Aquatic Environments by G. Mance Pdf

The role of the European Community in developing environmental legislation has focused the minds of pollution control agencies and industrialists on the need for, and the evidence to support, water quality standards. This is particularly so for the Dangerous Substances Directive which has led to European standards for cadmium, mercury and lindane. Additionally the United Kingdom has published standards for six other non-ferrous metals. In this book I have sought to review the aquatic toxicity information for these and other metals, not just by the collation of the results of all the published toxicity tests, but by the critical consideration of the test techniques. A surprising proportion of the reported toxicity studies for aquatic organisms are based on unsatisfactory chemical or biological methods. That such weaknesses persist at a time of limited resources for environmental research is disappointing, especially when sound metho dologies are extensively documented and widely published. Evaluation of the critically reviewed and vetted data indicates that many of the previously accepted generalisations about the toxicity of metals to aquatic life are invalid: for instance the assumption that salmonid species of fish are more susceptible to these metals than coarse fish, or that increased water hardness decreases toxicity. Too few studies have actually sought to test such hypotheses.

Author : Gehan Mohamed El Zokm
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Heavy metals
ISBN : 9783031292033

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Ecological Quality Status of Marine Environment by Gehan Mohamed El Zokm Pdf

The goal of this one-of-a-kind book was to provide a critical and in-depth understanding of various AVS-SEM models as predictors for assessing the ecological impact of heavy metals (particularly dibasic cations; Zn, Cd, Ni, Cu, and Pb) on aquatic environments, including the theories underlying these models, descriptive equations, modes of action, methodology, efficiency, applicability, and statistical approaches, as well as comparison with other pollution assessment techniques in the aquatic environments. Metals in interstitial water can be reduced in sediments that co-precipitate with iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in FeS or MnS minerals, as well as replace them. This book outlines a system that can be used to track heavy metal contamination in countries with coastal regions that extend over water bodies that are subjected to pollution sources, such as the Mediterranean Basin countries. Moreover, this book will be of great interest to academics, professionals, practitioners, post-graduate students (M.Sc. and Ph.D.), and undergraduates because it gives a clear overview of heavy metal assessment for people interested in environmental studies focusing on the marine environment. It also provides decision-makers with a realistic perspective of the environmental file, allowing them to address environmental issues and directing stockholders to safer locations for environmental activity. From a future perspective, management is advised to overcome the difficulties within that technique, such as accurate handling procedures and different approaches to sampling onshore and offshore. Sequential leaching strategies, especially geochemical fractionation analysis, and knowledge of the interactions and significance of AVS in the marine sector, especially toxicity tests (bioassay) are recommended.

Author : Muhammad Sadiq
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000444674

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Toxic Metal Chemistry in Marine Environments by Muhammad Sadiq Pdf

Presents an integrated chemical behavior of selected toxic metals: arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, mercury, and lead. All important processes that may affect their marine chemistry are discussed. Thermodynamic calculations are performed to propose the most probable route of chemical behavior.

Author : Hiroshi Hasegawa,Ismail Md. Mofizur Rahman,Mohammad Azizur Rahman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2015-09-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9784431557593

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Environmental Remediation Technologies for Metal-Contaminated Soils by Hiroshi Hasegawa,Ismail Md. Mofizur Rahman,Mohammad Azizur Rahman Pdf

This book presents a comprehensive and detailed description of remediation techniques for metal-contaminated soils derived from both natural processes and anthropogenic activities. Using a methodical, step-by-step presentation, the book starts by overviewing the origin of toxicants and the correlated comparative extent of contamination to the environment. The legal provisions as proposed or applied in different countries are then discussed to explain the global regulatory situation regarding soil contamination and the extent of consequent concern. The core part of this publication describes the major techniques for in situ or ex situ treatment of the contaminated soil to meet the regulatory limits. Finally, risk evaluation is incorporated, giving special attention to possible impacts during or after implementation of the remediation strategies. The intrusion of metals in soils mostly occurs from various anthropogenic activities, e.g., agricultural practices, industrial activities, and municipal waste disposal. The volumes of metal-contaminated soil are becoming greater than before and are ever-increasing due to rapid urbanization, intensified industrialization, and/or population booms in certain parts of the world. Hence, the options previously proposed, such as isolation of the contaminated site or movement of the contaminated mass to a secure disposal site after excavation, are becoming unsuitable from the economic point of view, and instead, decontamination alternatives are preferred. This book will help readers such as scientists and regulators to understand the details of the remediation techniques available to deal with the soils contaminated by toxic metals.

Author : Humood Abdulla Naser
Publisher : Novinka Books
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2014-05-14
Category : History
ISBN : 1624176259

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Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Marine Environment of the Arabian Gulf by Humood Abdulla Naser Pdf

The Arabian Gulf is characterized by physical, chemical and biological uniqueness. It is considered the hottest water body in the world. Marine organisms and ecosystems in the Arabian Gulf are unique as they thrive despite extreme environmental conditions such as marked fluctuations in sea temperatures and elevated levels of salinity. Heavy metals are serious threats to ecosystems and human health due to their toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulation characteristics. Coasts of the Arabian Gulf are witnessing rapid industrialization and urbanization that contribute to heavy metal loads in the coastal and marine habitats. Continuous inputs of heavy metals from different anthropogenic sources in the Arabian Gulf could be critical for both the naturally stressed marine ecosystems and humans that relay on marine resources for food, recreation and industry. This book identifies valued ecosystem components in the Arabian Gulf, characterizes sources of anthropogenic impacts, assesses the heavy metal contamination in a variety of living organisms, seawaters and sediments, and suggests measures for environmental management of heavy metal pollution in the Arabian Gulf.

Author : John Holland Martin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Animal ecology
ISBN : UOM:39015041066864

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Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals by Littoral and Pelagic Marine Organisms by John Holland Martin Pdf

Author : Marko Branica,Zdenka Konrad
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2015-12-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781483137223

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Lead in the Marine Environment by Marko Branica,Zdenka Konrad Pdf

Lead in the Marine Environment covers the proceedings of the International Experts Discussion on Lead Occurrence, Fate, and Pollution in the Marine Environment, held in Rovinj, Yugoslavia on October 18-22, 1977. The book focuses on the release of lead to the environment, including the techniques, processes, and technologies involved in the analysis of lead in marine ecosystems. The selection first highlights the impact of human on coastal marine ecosystems; analysis of natural and industrial lead in marine ecosystems; and the occurrence of lead in Northeast Pacific and the effects of anthropogenic inputs. The book also looks at the voltammetric determination of the stability constants of the predominant labile lead complexes in sea water, as well as investigations on the nature of the effective carbonato ligand and experimental verification of a chemical model for trace metal speciation in sea water. The publication reviews studies of lead in water and biological materials using X-ray emission spectroscopy; theoretical studies of the chemical speciation of lead in sea water; and input of lead into the Mediterranean through rivers. The text also explains the chelation of lead by organic ligands in sea water and potentialities and limitations of atomic absorption spectroscopy in environmental and biological materials with reference to lead determinations. Concerns include aspects of chelation of heavy metal traces in sea water and typical lead values and analytical data for biological and environmental materials. The selection is a vital source of data for readers interested in studying the effects of lead on the environment.

Author : Sofia B. Shah
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3030736148

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Heavy Metals in Scleractinian Corals by Sofia B. Shah Pdf

This book provides an in-depth review of heavy metals in corals, describing the sources of heavy metals in the marine environment and their effect on corals. It is designed to serve as a unique reference for upcoming marine researchers and chemists, advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as those interested in marine pollution with respect to heavy metals. The book explains the basics as well as the state-of-the-art regarding heavy metals and corals and is engaging and clearly written and narrated, providing readers with the fundamental tools about the subject matter that they need in their specific fields. It allows readers to understand and appreciate the interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, and the geosphere. Detailed reference is included for the benefit of the reader. The specific objectives of this book are (i) to inform/educate the reader about persistent pollutants such as heavy metals, (ii) to identify sources of heavy metals in the marine environment, (iii) to inform about route of exposure and uptake of the heavy metal pollutants by corals, (iv) to elaborate about the effect of heavy metal pollutants on the coral reef ecosystems, (v) to discuss the ways in which heavy metal regulation occurs in corals, (vi) to impact current knowledge regarding heavy metals in the marine environment, and (vii) to briefly show chemical analysis and instrumentation for analyzing heavy metals.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Ocean Studies Board,Board on Biology
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2000-10-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309171465

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Opportunities for Environmental Applications of Marine Biotechnology by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Ocean Studies Board,Board on Biology Pdf

This 2-day workshop is the culmination of a study of the status and future of marine biotechnology. The overall goal of this workshop is to examine what was initially called "Opportunities for Marine Biotechnology in the United States," to consider where we are now in this field of "Environmental Marine Biotechnology," to envision the field in the future, and to discuss any impediments that might be encountered along the way. Opportunities for Environmental Applications of Marine Biotechnology: Proceedings of the October 5-6, 1999, Workshop addresses the question of where the federal government should invest its limited funds and what future initiatives should be planned.

Author : Sofia B. Shah
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2021-04-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030736132

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Heavy Metals in Scleractinian Corals by Sofia B. Shah Pdf

This book provides an in-depth review of heavy metals in corals, describing the sources of heavy metals in the marine environment and their effect on corals. It is designed to serve as a unique reference for upcoming marine researchers and chemists, advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as those interested in marine pollution with respect to heavy metals. The book explains the basics as well as the state-of-the-art regarding heavy metals and corals and is engaging and clearly written and narrated, providing readers with the fundamental tools about the subject matter that they need in their specific fields. It allows readers to understand and appreciate the interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, and the geosphere. Detailed reference is included for the benefit of the reader. The specific objectives of this book are (i) to inform/educate the reader about persistent pollutants such as heavy metals, (ii) to identify sources of heavy metals in the marine environment, (iii) to inform about route of exposure and uptake of the heavy metal pollutants by corals, (iv) to elaborate about the effect of heavy metal pollutants on the coral reef ecosystems, (v) to discuss the ways in which heavy metal regulation occurs in corals, (vi) to impact current knowledge regarding heavy metals in the marine environment, and (vii) to briefly show chemical analysis and instrumentation for analyzing heavy metals.

Author : U. Förstner,G. T. W. Wittmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642693854

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Metal Pollution in the Aquatic Environment by U. Förstner,G. T. W. Wittmann Pdf

Aquatic chemistry is becoming both a rewarding and substantial area of inquiry and is drawing many prominent scientists to its fold. Its literature has changed from a compilation of compositional tables to studies of the chemical reactions occurring within the aquatic environments. But more than this is the recognition that human society in part is determining the nature of aquatic systems. Since rivers deliver to the world ocean most of its dissolved and particulate components, the interactions of these two sets of waters determine the vitality of our coastal waters. This significant vol ume provides not only an introduction to the dynamics of aquatic chem istries but also identifies those materials that jeopardize the resources of both the marine and fluvial domains. Its very title provides its emphasis but clearly not its breadth in considering natural processes. The book will be of great value to those environmental scientists who are dedicated to keeping the resources of the hydrosphere renewable. As the size of the world population becomes larger in the near future and as the uses of materials and energy show parallel increases, the rivers and oceans must be considered as a resource to accept some of the wastes of society. The ability of these waters and the sediments below them to accommodate wastes must be assessed continually. The key questions relate to the capacities of aqueous systems to carry one or more pollutants.

Author : Jean-Pierre Vernet
Publisher : Elsevier Publishing Company
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Environmental health
ISBN : UCSD:31822016455701

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Impact of Heavy Metals on the Environment by Jean-Pierre Vernet Pdf

Highlighted in this compilation of papers is the role and importance of heavy metals in the environment. It provides up-to-date information in a field of active research and progress, where the focus is on effects and interactions between the environment and organisms, as well as contaminant dynamics. Several papers address the impact of heavy metals on our health. The influence of metals on plants is described in an exhaustive study on lichens, which have been widely used as biomonitors for environmental contamination by heavy metals. Metals are also accumulated by animals, as seen in a chapter which focusses on sediment/benthic organism interactions and biomonitoring in fish. Soil interactions are discussed, as well as regional studies of freshwater sediments and the marine environment. The final part of the book addresses a crucial problem: the management of stabilized municipal waste sludges. As a result, the most important and significant recent trends are included, emphasizing interactions with and impacts of heavy metals on humans, animals, plants and soils.

Author : Ulrich Seeliger,Luiz D. de Lacerda,S.R. Patchineelam
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642714832

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Metals in Coastal Environments of Latin America by Ulrich Seeliger,Luiz D. de Lacerda,S.R. Patchineelam Pdf

For the first time a state-of-the-art of present metal pollution along the coastline of Latin America is provided. This collection of papers from a conference held in August 1986 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil is designed to inform readers of recent advances in an important, interdisciplinary field. Primary focus is on: - Metal Surveys, Metals in Sediments, Metals in Biota, Metal Transport and Cycles, Metal Monitoring. A final chapter combines conclusion, outlook and recommendations of how to master the critical situation of metal concentrations in coastal environments of Latin America. This book fills a long-standing gap in the literature and will be of prime interest to researchers, students and professionals in geology, biology and chemistry.

Author : Mazen Nazal,Hongbo Zhao
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2021-11-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781839681219

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Heavy Metals by Mazen Nazal,Hongbo Zhao Pdf

In recent years, urbanization and industrialization have produced large amounts of heavy metals, which are highly toxic to both humans and the environment. This book presents a comprehensive overview of heavy metals including their physiochemical properties, toxicity, transfer in the environment, legislation, environmental impacts, and mitigation measures. Written by experts in the field, chapters include scientific research as well as case studies.