Holocaust Monuments And National Memory Cultures In France And Germany Since 1989
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Holocaust Monuments and National Memory Cultures in France and Germany Since 1989 by Peter Carrier Pdf
Since 1989, two sites of memory with respect to the deportation and persecution of Jews in France and Germany have received intense public attention: the Veĺ d'Hiv in Paris and the Monument for the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin. Why is this so? Both monuments, the author argues, are unique in the history of memorial projects.
Holocaust Monuments and National Memory by Peter Carrier Pdf
Since 1989, two sites of memory with respect to the deportation and persecution of Jews in France and Germany during the Second World War have received intense public attention: the Vélo d'Hiver (Winter Velodrome) in Paris and the Monument for the Murdered Jews of Europe or Holocaust Monument in Berlin. Why is this so? Both monuments, the author argues, are unique in the history of memorial projects. Although they are genuine "sites of memory", neither monument celebrates history, but rather serve as platforms for the deliberation, negotiation and promotion of social consensus over the memorial status of war crimes in France and Germany. The debates over these monuments indicate that it is the communication among members of the public via the mass media, rather than qualities inherent in the sites themselves, which transformed these sites into symbols beyond traditional conceptions of heritage and patriotism.
Memorializing the Sacred by Ann-Christin Robben Pdf
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Theologie - Historische Theologie, Kirchengeschichte, Note: 1,0, Universität Bielefeld, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Denkmäler haben eine elementare Funktion in einer Gesellschaft. Sie sind vermittelnde Medien zwischen der Vergangenheit und der Gegenwart. Denkmäler repräsentieren einerseits neutral die Geschichte einer Kultur, andererseits implizieren sie auch evident die Bedeutung des Vergangenen für eine Gesellschaft. Bereits die Diskussionen um ihren Bau oder Nicht-Bau symbolisieren die „politischen und mentalen Transformationen einer Gesellschaft“ . Ein Denkmal spiegelt nicht nur ein erinnerungswürdiges Ereignis der Vergangenheit wider, sondern auch den Umgang eines Volkes mit seiner Vergangenheit. Peter Carrier formuliert es ähnlich: „It is necessarily a product and reflection of its time, derived from the initiative of an individual, group or state.“ Mahnmäler lassen Schlüsse über den Grad und die Intensität der Ereignisverarbeitung zu, da die Darstellungsweise den Erinnerungsmodus widerspiegelt. Eine wissenschaftliche Untersuchung, basierend auf der Interpretation von Denkmälern, führte auch Janet Jacobs, Professorin für Soziologie an der Universität von Colorado, durch. Sie untersuchte die Erinnerungskultur zum Holocaust in Deutschland unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Betrachtung der Rolle der Synagogen und heiligen Kultgegenstände. Ihre Forschungsarbeit basiert auf Feldarbeit an fünfzig Gedächtnisstätten zur Kristallnacht. Ihre Forschungsergebnisse legte Janet Jacobs im Jahr 2008 in der „Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion“ dar.
The Holocaust Memorial Museum reveals and traces the transformation of ancient Jewish symbols, rituals, archetypes and narratives deployed in these sites. Demonstrating how cloaking the 'secular' history of the Holocaust in sacred garb, memorial museums generate redemptive yet conflicting visions of the meaning and utility of Holocaust memory.
Mediation at the Holocaust Memorial in Berlin by I. Dekel Pdf
Analyzing action at the Holocaust memorial in Berlin, this first ethnography of the site offers a fresh approach to studying the memorial and memory work as potential civic engagement of visitors with themselves and others rather than with history itself.
The Claims of Memory by Caroline Alice Wiedmer Pdf
Over a half a century after World War II, Germany and France still struggle to understand the Holocaust and to confront their roles in the tragedy. Through an interpretation of a wide array of contemporary cultural texts--including memorials and memorial sites, museums and exhibits, national commemorations, books, and films--Caroline Wiedmer traces the evolution of an often conflicted postwar politics of memory in these two nations. Her analyses of sites of memory and of policies and national debates reveal the two countries' deep-seated ambivalence in the face of a desire to forget the horrors of the Holocaust and the need to remember them. Among the issues Wiedmer examines are France's emerging sense of accountability and the fierce conflicts generated by the "Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe" to be built in Berlin. In her detailed account of how the Nazis took over a ready-made system of internment camps built by the French before World War II, and in her discussion of the uses to which the Sachsenhausen concentration camp was put by both the Soviet and the East German governments after the war, Wiedmer uncovers disturbing patterns of recurrence that painfully complicate France's and Germany's relationships to the Holocaust itself and to the act of commemoration. The author also examines Art Spiegelman's Maus and Michael Verhoeven's film The Nasty Girl.
"The Second World War was a common experience of cultural and historical rupture for many European countries, but studies of this period and its after-images often remain locked in national frameworks. Jones' comparative study of national memory cultures argues for a more nuanced view of responses to shared issues of remembrance. Focusing on the 1960s and 1970s, two decades of great change and debate in French and German discourses of memory, it investigates literary representations of the Second World War, and in particular the Holocaust, from France and both Germanies. The study encompasses thirteen works representing a variety of genres and divergent perspectives, and authors include Jorge Semprun, Peter Weiss, Georges Perec and Bernward Vesper. Addressing the underlying theme of travel as a means of exploring the past, it contrasts the journeys made by deportees and post-war visitors to the camps with the use of the journey as a literary device."
This text constructs a framework in which to examine the subject of German collective memory, which for more than half a century has been shaped by the experience of Nazism, World War II and the Holocaust. Beginning with national unification in 1870-71 it follows through to reunification in 1990.
Since unification, eastern Germany has witnessed a rapidly changing memorial landscape, as the fate of former socialist monuments has been hotly debated and new commemorative projects have met with fierce controversy. Memorializing the GDR provides the first in-depth study of this contested arena of public memory, investigating the individuals and groups devoted to the creation or destruction of memorials as well as their broader aesthetic, political, and historical contexts. Emphasizing the interrelationship of built environment, memory and identity, it brings to light the conflicting memories of recent German history, as well as the nuances of national and regional constructions of identity.
Nazi Camps and their Neighbouring Communities by Helen J. Whatmore-Thomson Pdf
Nazi concentration camps (KZs) were established in the vicinity of local communities across Europe. Arguably, the individuals in these communities were not perpetrators, nor were they victims, like those imprisoned in the camps. Yet they did not simply stand by on the sidelines, passive, uninvolved, or untouched by the presence of the camps. Local citizenries engaged in ambiguous and highly interactive relations with their local camps, willingly and unwillingly working for the perpetrators—but also aiding inmates. After the war, Nazi camps were often repurposed, initially as post-war internment camps and subsequently as penal institutions, military compounds, or housing encampments. Over time, many were transformed into sites of memory to commemorate Nazi persecution. Governments and groups of survivors have often determined the re-use and commemoration of KZs, but these processes take place on local territory and have direct implications for nearby communities. Therefore, locals have continued to interact with camp legacies. Nazi Camps and their Neighbouring Communities examines how local populations evolved to live with the Nazi camps both before and after the war. Helen J. Whatmore-Thomson evaluates the different sorts of locality-camp relationships that developed in wartime France, Germany, and the Netherlands, and how these played out in post-war scenarios of re-use and memorialization. Using three case studies of major camps in western Europe, Natzweiler-Struthof, Neuengamme, and Vught, the book traces the contested developments of these camp sites in the changing political climates of the post-war years, and explores the interrelated dynamics and trajectories of local and national memory.
The Holocaust and French Historical Culture, 1945–65 by Johannes Heuman Pdf
Paris was home to one of the key European initiatives to document and commemorate the Holocaust, the Centre de documentation juive contemporaine . By analysing the earliest Holocaust narratives and their reception in France, this study provides a new understanding of the institutional development of Holocaust remembrance in France after the War.
European Cinema and Intertextuality by E. Mazierska Pdf
This book offers an up-to-date approach to the question of representing history through film, exploring how films represent crucial events in twentieth-century European history. This includes the Second World War, Armenian Genocide, anti-Semitic attacks in Poland, European terrorism of the 1970s, and the end of communism.
World War II Memory and Contested Commemorations in Europe and Russia by Jennifer A. Yoder Pdf
Instrumentalization of the wartime past for political gain is the subject of this study of eleven World War II commemorations. Using a comparative, conceptually original approach, Yoder identifies the actors who manipulate memory surrounding wartime anniversaries, such as the bombing of Dresden and ceremonies to honor fallen soldiers and fascist collaborators. The cases of memory contestation span three geographic regions, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, and Russia, recognizing that each developed distinctive interpretations of the war and different patterns of memory politics. This empirically rich study reveals the grievances that motivate memory challengers and their strategies for shaping the commemoration discourses and rituals. The memory challengers' toolkit includes varieties of emotional manipulation, subtle distortion, revisionism and full-scale denial. The study finds that, while there are differences in context and strategy across cases and regions, there are also areas of convergence. Moreover, a memory challenge in one country can spill over into others with serious consequences for foreign relations. While World War II Memory and Contested Commemorations in Europe and Russia deals with debates and narratives about events in the last century, its focus is on power, persuasion, and identity in the present.
