Host Pathogen Interactions During Arboviral Infections

Author : Alan G. Goodman,Angela L. Rasmussen
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 125 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2019-07-19
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889459179

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Host-Pathogen Interactions During Arboviral Infections by Alan G. Goodman,Angela L. Rasmussen Pdf

Arboviruses, or arthropod-borne viruses, such as West Nile virus, Dengue virus, and Zika virus, pose a serious threat to public health worldwide. West Nile virus was introduced to the United States in 1999, and is now endemic, causing over 2,000 domestically acquired cases in the U.S. annually in mammals. Similarly, dengue and Zika viruses are endemic in the Americas and pose novel threats to the human population. Tick-borne viruses such as Powassan virus and Heartland virus are increasing in frequency in the U.S. At this time, there is no commercially available vaccine or therapeutic to treat these viral infections. Because nearly every mammalian case of these virus infections originates from the insect vector, it is imperative that we also understand viral pathogenesis, transmission, and the immune response in insect models as well as pathogenesis and the host responses in infected mammals. The development of methods to block arbovirus transmission from the vector may be effective at ceasing arthropod-to-human infection since the current recommendation to prevent these viral infections is to decrease contact with mosquitoes. Additionally, improving our understanding of epidemiology and ecology will also help develop measures to reduce virus spread. In order to better study mammalian and insect host responses to infection, a number of genetic tools are available, such as fly, mosquito, and tick models, recombinant viruses, mouse models, and bioinformatics tools. The studies described in this eBook will illustrate host responses to infection using mammalian and insect models, identify critical signaling nodes of the innate immune response, and discuss virus transmission from insect to mammal or among infected hosts. Taken together, these studies will elucidate means of decreasing infections in human populations and provide potential targets for future study and therapeutic design.

Author : Steffen Rupp,Kai Sohn
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2008-11-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 160327989X

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Host-Pathogen Interactions by Steffen Rupp,Kai Sohn Pdf

In recent decades, infectious diseases, once believed to be fairly contained, have become a vital, resurgent field of research. In Host-Pathogen Interactions: Methods and Protocols, top experts examine the relationship between the host and the pathogen, crucial in the outcome of an infection and the establishment of disease or asymptomatic, commensal colonization by organisms. The step-by-step laboratory methods and protocols of this volume study host-pathogen interaction, with a focus on fungal, bacterial and parasitic pathogens, at a molecular level in order to reveal the mechanisms of infection and to identify the vulnerabilities of the pathogen of interest. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, the chapters feature brief subject introductions, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Host-Pathogen Interactions: Methods and Protocols serves as an easy entry point for all those investigating the factors responsible for the pathogenicity of microorganisms.

Author : Jeffrey David Cirillo,Ying Kong
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Host-virus relationships
ISBN : 3030253821

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Tuberculosis Host-pathogen Interactions by Jeffrey David Cirillo,Ying Kong Pdf

Historically, tuberculosis was one of the first organisms associated with disease. Yet, despite progress, tuberculosis remains the most frequent cause of death in humans due to a single infectious agent. This text describes some of the recent, state-of-the-art advances related to our understanding of how this organism causes disease in humans, its mechanisms involved in parasitizing the host, as well as how the host resists or becomes susceptible to infection. We cover several of the molecular, biochemical and structural aspects of the bacterium responsible, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and describe individual components of the host response and how these impact the course of disease. Although we cover only a very small portion of the field in this overview, we believe that there is a great deal of novel information present that will be valuable to any researcher or student of the field. We are at a stage where there are often more questions than answers, but use of the foundation that is now developing through the effort of tuberculosis researchers provides us with opportunities previously out of reach. This text provides overviews of the field in a number of different areas that will engage researchers interested in tuberculosis, and provide suggestions for ways to move forward. All of the authors hope that readers enjoy this taste of each area, and that their contributions will help others to make additional progress. Dr. Jeffrey D. Cirillo is a Regents Professor at Texas A & M University College of Medicine and the Director of the Center for Airborne Pathogens Research and Imaging with over 30 years of research in tuberculosis. Dr. Ying Kong is an Assistant Professor at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center with over 16 years of research in tuberculosis.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2016-10-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309377591

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Global Health Impacts of Vector-Borne Diseases by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats Pdf

Pathogens transmitted among humans, animals, or plants by insects and arthropod vectors have been responsible for significant morbidity and mortality throughout recorded history. Such vector-borne diseases â€" including malaria, dengue, yellow fever, and plague â€" together accounted for more human disease and death in the 17th through early 20th centuries than all other causes combined. Over the past three decades, previously controlled vector-borne diseases have resurged or reemerged in new geographic locations, and several newly identified pathogens and vectors have triggered disease outbreaks in plants and animals, including humans. Domestic and international capabilities to detect, identify, and effectively respond to vector-borne diseases are limited. Few vaccines have been developed against vector-borne pathogens. At the same time, drug resistance has developed in vector-borne pathogens while their vectors are increasingly resistant to insecticide controls. Furthermore, the ranks of scientists trained to conduct research in key fields including medical entomology, vector ecology, and tropical medicine have dwindled, threatening prospects for addressing vector-borne diseases now and in the future. In June 2007, as these circumstances became alarmingly apparent, the Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a workshop to explore the dynamic relationships among host, pathogen(s), vector(s), and ecosystems that characterize vector-borne diseases. Revisiting this topic in September 2014, the Forum organized a workshop to examine trends and patterns in the incidence and prevalence of vector-borne diseases in an increasingly interconnected and ecologically disturbed world, as well as recent developments to meet these dynamic threats. Participants examined the emergence and global movement of vector-borne diseases, research priorities for understanding their biology and ecology, and global preparedness for and progress toward their prevention, control, and mitigation. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Author : Sarah Irène Bonnet,Ard Menzo Nijhof,Jose De La Fuente
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 543 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-24
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782889455423

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Tick-Host-Pathogen Interactions by Sarah Irène Bonnet,Ard Menzo Nijhof,Jose De La Fuente Pdf

Besides causing direct damage associated with blood feeding and in some cases through the excretion of toxins with their saliva, the main relevance of ticks lies in the wide variety of pathogens that they can transmit, including viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminths. Owing to socioeconomic and environmental changes, tick distribution is changing with incursions of ticks and tick-borne diseases occurring in different regions of the world when the widespread deployment of chemical acaricides and repellents has led to the selection of resistance in multiple populations of ticks. New approaches that are environmentally sustainable and that provide broad protection against current and future tick-borne pathogen (TBP) are thus urgently needed. Such development, however, requires improved understanding of factors resulting in vector competence and tick-host-pathogen interactions. This Research Topic provides an overview of known molecular tick-host-pathogen interactions for a number of TBPs and highlights how this knowledge can contribute to novel control and prevention strategies for tick-borne diseases.

Author : Federico Iovino,Tatiana Barichello
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2022-02-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889743278

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Host-pathogen Interaction in Central Nervous System Infection by Federico Iovino,Tatiana Barichello Pdf

Author : Wolfgang K. Joklik
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 582 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781489905802

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The Reoviridae by Wolfgang K. Joklik Pdf

It is now just 20 years since Gomatos and his co-workers at the Rocke feller University showed that the nucleic acid in reovirus particles is double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). This discovery created great excitement, for dsRNA was at that time under intense investigation as the replicative form of viral genomes consisting of single-stranded RNA. An equally interesting and important finding followed soon after: it was found that the reovirus genome consists, not of a single nucleic acid molecule, but of 10 discrete "segments," each with its specific sequence content and each transcribed into its own messenger RNA. It is clear now that these segments are genes. Not surprisingly, the availability of a viral genome 10 unlinked genes has permitted some unique lines of in consisting of vestigation in molecular biology. Mammalian and avian reoviruses proved to be but the first of several viruses recognized as sharing Similarity in size and morphology and ge nomes consisting of 10, II, or 12 separate genes. These viruses are dis tributed throughout living organisms; among the natural hosts of mem bers of this virus family are vertebrates, Insects, and plants. Members of the Reoviridae family differ widely in the virulence that they exhibit toward their hosts . . For example, the first discovered mam malian reovirus literally is, as the name signifies, a "respiratory enteric orphan" virus, that is, a virus unassociated with disease.

Author : Susanna Valanne,Dan Hultmark,Laura Vesala
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889661916

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Recent Advances in Drosophila Cellular and Humoral Innate Immunity by Susanna Valanne,Dan Hultmark,Laura Vesala Pdf

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Author : Shu Shen,Fei Deng,Na Jia,Han Xia,Ali Zohaib
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2022-11-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832503546

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The Arbovirus Profiles and Interactions With Hosts – Preparing for Emerging Diseases by Shu Shen,Fei Deng,Na Jia,Han Xia,Ali Zohaib Pdf

Author : Vijay Kumar Prajapati,Rupal Ojha
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2024-01-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323996624

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MicroRNA in Human Infectious Diseases by Vijay Kumar Prajapati,Rupal Ojha Pdf

MicroRNA in Human Infectious Diseases offers a detailed overview of the therapeutic and diagnostic role microRNAs can play in the treatment of various infectious diseases. Beginning with an introduction on microRNAs and their mechanisms, the book then delves into the therapeutic role of microRNAs in various categories of diseases: bacterial, viral, and parasitic. A wide range of diseases are explored in these sections, including sexually transmitted diseases, typhoid, tuberculosis, Dengue fever, Ebola, Covid-19, Malaria, Leishmaniasis, and Lymphatic filariasis. The final section of the book covers microRNA-based system approaches, considering aspects such as web-based tools available for detecting and predicting microRNA targets, and the latest technologies for modifying and manipulating microRNAs. This volume explores microRNA across a multitude of conditions and is an ideal reference for those involved in the investigation and development of treatments in this area. Includes foundational knowledge on microRNAs and the fundamental aspects of its biogenesis Explores the potential role microRNAs can play in therapeutics and diagnostics to treat various infectious diseases, including sexually-transmitted diseases, bacterial diseases, viral infections, and parasitic diseases Features a chapter dedicated to the role of microRNA for therapeutics in respiratory viral infections, such as Covid-19 Considers technologies used for manipulating and modifying microRNAs in preparation for applications to treat infectious diseases

Author : Theodore H. Tulchinsky,Elena A. Varavikova
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 911 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2014-03-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780124157675

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The New Public Health by Theodore H. Tulchinsky,Elena A. Varavikova Pdf

The New Public Health has established itself as a solid textbook throughout the world. Translated into 7 languages, this work distinguishes itself from other public health textbooks, which are either highly locally oriented or, if international, lack the specificity of local issues relevant to students' understanding of applied public health in their own setting. This 3e provides a unified approach to public health appropriate for all masters' level students and practitioners—specifically for courses in MPH programs, community health and preventive medicine programs, community health education programs, and community health nursing programs, as well as programs for other medical professionals such as pharmacy, physiotherapy, and other public health courses. Changes in infectious and chronic disease epidemiology including vaccines, health promotion, human resources for health and health technology Lessons from H1N1, pandemic threats, disease eradication, nutritional health Trends of health systems and reforms and consequences of current economic crisis for health Public health law, ethics, scientific d health technology advances and assessment Global Health environment, Millennium Development Goals and international NGOs

Author : Nathalie Boulanger
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 516 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128114377

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Skin and Arthropod Vectors by Nathalie Boulanger Pdf

Recent research on skin immunity and the skin microbiome reveals the complexity of the skin and its importance in the development of immunity against arthropod-borne diseases. In diseases such as malaria, borreliosis, leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis, etc., the skin interface has been shown as an essential site for pathogens to hide from the immune system, and as a potential site of persistence. Only very few vaccines have been successfully developed so far against these diseases, likely because of an insufficient understanding on the development of skin immunity against pathogens. Skin and Arthropod Vectors expands our knowledge on the role of the skin interface during the transmission of arthropod-borne diseases and particularly its immunity. This work may support researchers who strive for developing more efficient diagnostic tools and vaccines. It also gives scientists and advanced students working in related areas a better insight on how humans and animals are attractive to arthropods to develop better repellents, or to set up transgenic arthropods. Offers the only compilation of research focusing on both the skin interface and arthropod vectors, with contributions from international experts Advances research in the effort toward generating more effective diagnostic tools and vaccines focusing on the skin interface Can also serve as supplemental material for dermatology lectures or specialized lectures on medical entomology and skin immunity

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780123876812

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Small RNAs: their diversity, roles and practical uses by Anonim Pdf

Advances in Insect Physiology is committed to publishing volumes containing comprehensive and in-depth reviews on all aspects of insect physiology. First published in 1963, these volumes are an essential reference source for invertebrate physiologists, insect neurobiologists, entomologists, zoologists and insect biochemists. This volume is themed on small RNAs and RNAi in insects. Contains comprehensive and in-depth reviews Essential reference source for invertebrate physiologists, insect neurobiologists, entomologists, zoologists and insect biochemists This volume is themed on small RNAs and RNAi in insects

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2015-03-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309314008

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Emerging Viral Diseases by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats Pdf

In the past half century, deadly disease outbreaks caused by novel viruses of animal origin - Nipah virus in Malaysia, Hendra virus in Australia, Hantavirus in the United States, Ebola virus in Africa, along with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), several influenza subtypes, and the SARS (sudden acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) coronaviruses - have underscored the urgency of understanding factors influencing viral disease emergence and spread. Emerging Viral Diseases is the summary of a public workshop hosted in March 2014 to examine factors driving the appearance, establishment, and spread of emerging, re-emerging and novel viral diseases; the global health and economic impacts of recently emerging and novel viral diseases in humans; and the scientific and policy approaches to improving domestic and international capacity to detect and respond to global outbreaks of infectious disease. This report is a record of the presentations and discussion of the event.

Author : Pooja Jain,Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030339463

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Advanced Concepts in Human Immunology: Prospects for Disease Control by Pooja Jain,Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu Pdf

This book highlights information derived primarily from clinical samples, with particular reference to theoretical and scientific aspects of the human immune system. This text will focus on topics that range from host-pathogen interactions in infectious disease to host immune response in cancer, allergic diseases, neuroinflammatory diseases, and autoimmune disorders. The reader will also have a well-rounded understanding of the behavior of the immune system with particular emphasis on the role of immunoproteomics in immunotherapy, neuroprotective immunity for neurodegenerative and neuroinfectious disease, leukemia-associated dendritic cell induction of adaptive immunity dysregulation, and the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer, infection, as well as neuroinflammation. Taken together, the contents of this book are intended for both clinicians and researchers in academia and industry.