How Franchise Terms Impeded Private Subway Construction In New York City Comparison With Concession Agreements For Early Subterranean Transit In Great Britain

Author : Kyle M. Kirschling
Publisher : Kyle Mark Kirschling
Page : 13 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2019-12-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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How Franchise Terms Impeded Private Subway Construction in New York City: Comparison with Concession Agreements for Early Subterranean Transit in Great Britain by Kyle M. Kirschling Pdf

New York could have had a practical and profitable subway in operation by the 1870s—financed entirely by the private sector—had franchise terms been as liberal as those in Great Britain. Although it would not have been as technologically sophisticated as the 1904 subway, it would have been superior to the elevated railways of the time. Moreover, permitting experimentation and entrepreneurship in New York City's transportation industry would ultimately have accelerated the development of subway technology. Regardless, given the political constraints, the DBOM public-private partnership model finalized in 1900 was extremely successful. The lines built under this model comprise half of today’s New York City Subway network. Fares were low, no government subsidies were required, and investors earned high returns (until the unprecedented inflation of World War I, which could have been resolved by allowing the franchisees to raise fares with inflation).

Author : Kyle M. Kirschling
Publisher : Kyle Mark Kirschling
Page : 35 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021-01-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Engineering the New York City Subway by Kyle M. Kirschling Pdf

Why does New York City have a subway system, and why does it have such an unusual design? Railroad engineers developed its bold and ambitious design in 1891 for the purposes of speed and convenience, above all else. By understanding the original thinking behind the subway, we can see beneath the grit and appreciate the true beauty of the system…and be inspired to build even bigger and better things in the future. The subway possesses a combination of design elements that make it unequalled among the world’s major rapid transit systems. The pillars of the system’s design are the high-speed right-of-way and trains, being underground but close to the surface, having extensive four-track mainlines with all tracks on the same level, and providing bi-directional local and express service.

Author : Dr James Mok
Publisher : Partridge Publishing Singapore
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2023-04-02
Category : Travel
ISBN : 9781543773200

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Internationalisation of Singapore F&B Companies : Critical Success Factors and Challenges by Dr James Mok Pdf

Singapore F&B companies must venture beyond Singapore for greener pastures. Venturing overseas can be successful for many, while others have failed. The key questions are the following: 1. What are the critical success factors? 2. What are the struggles? 3. Is internationalisation the same process for all companies? 4. What capabilities and competencies must the company possess to succeed internationally? 5. What are the internationalisation strategies to be successful? The book is based on a multiple-case study of the internationalisation of thirty Singapore food service companies. These Singaporean companies were categorised in the stages of internationalisation as aspirants, actives, and achievers. To strengthen external validity and data triangulation, the study included eleven industry experts, termed as advisers, and seven international purchasers of the Singapore F&B brands called acquirers. _______________________________________________ James Mok has written a must-read book for any F&B business considering international franchising, in particular throughout Asia. The thirty cases studies were well chosen to illustrate the complexity, challenges and pitfalls Asian F&B businesses face when introducing a foreign foodservice concept to overseas markets. This book also serves as highly useful guide for Asia-based F&B businesses to compete successfully internationally (Dr Stephen Choo).

Author : Fred Lavis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Railroads, Elevated
ISBN : UCSD:31822032543951

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Building the New Rapid Transit System of New York City by Fred Lavis Pdf

Excerpt from Building the New Rapid Transit System of New York City It is not generally realized how huge an engineering work it is which is now going forward in the city of New York on extensions of the underground rapid transit railway lines. The best way to compare the relative magnitude of engineering works is to compare the total expenditure involved. The total cost of building and equipping New York's new rapid - transit lines will be in the neighborhood of This is substantially equal to the entire cost of the Panama Canal. It is three times the cost of the New York barge canal. It is a greater amount than the total investment in road and equipment of the Chicago, Milwaukee St. Paul Railway Company, or the Rock Island, or the Chicago North Western, or the Great Northern, or the New York Central Hudson River. The building of underground rapid-transit lines in great cities is comparatively a new development in engineering. New York was not the pioneer in this field. The first underground city railway lines were those in London, operated for many years with steam locomotives. Underground lines operated by electric traction were built in London and Budapest and Boston before the first New York rapid-transit subway was in operation. The development of the system in New York, however, has far exceeded that in any other city of the world. In fact, with the completion of the new extensions the investment in underground rapid-transit lines in New York will probably be as great as that in all the other great cities of the world combined. The building of subways, however, is well recognized to be the next step in rapid-transit development for the congested districts of other large cities. Phila delphia, Chicago, Cleveland, and a number of other American cities have subways under way or projected. The work carried on in New York during the past dozen years, and especially that now in progress, has developed a large amount of experience in street excavation with avoidance to traffic interruption, in the underpinning of. Buildings, and in the solution of a hundred different problems in connection with the work of construction which are of general interest to the engineering profession. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author : Interborough Rapid Transit Company
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2016-10-20
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 6068877213

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The New York Subway by Interborough Rapid Transit Company Pdf

Author : New York Transit Museum
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2004-12-14
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 0393057976

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City Beneath Us by New York Transit Museum Pdf

Reproduces photographic prints from the collection of the New York Transit Museum.

Author : New York (N.Y.). Department of Transportation
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-01
Category : City planning
ISBN : 0615290965

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Street Design Manual by New York (N.Y.). Department of Transportation Pdf

The New York City Street Design Manual provides policies and design guidelines to city agencies, design professionals, private developers, and community groups for the improvement of streets and sidewalks throughout the five boroughs. It is intended to serve as a comprehensive resource for promoting higher quality street designs and more efficient project implementation.

Author : Alberto Bull,United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean,Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit
Publisher : Santiago, Chile : United Nations, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : City traffic
ISBN : NWU:35556035567320

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Traffic Congestion by Alberto Bull,United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean,Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit Pdf

Author : Arturo Ardila-Gomez,Adriana OrtegÃ3n-Sánchez
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2015-12-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464807572

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Sustainable Urban Transport Financing from the Sidewalk to the Subway by Arturo Ardila-Gomez,Adriana OrtegÃ3n-Sánchez Pdf

Urban transport systems are essential for economic development and improving citizens' quality of life. To establish high-quality and affordable transport systems, cities must ensure their financial sustainability to fund new investments in infrastructure while also funding maintenance and operation of existing facilities and services. However, many cities in developing countries are stuck in an "underfunding trap" for urban transport, in which large up-front investments are needed for new transport infrastructure that will improve the still small-scale, and perhaps, poor-quality systems, but revenue is insufficient to cover maintenance and operation expenses, let alone new investment projects. The urban transport financing gap in these cities is further widened by the implicit subsidies for the use of private cars, which represent a minority of trips but contribute huge costs in terms of congestion, sprawl, accidents, and pollution. Using an analytical framework based on the concept of "Who Benefits Pays," 24 types of financing instruments are assessed in terms of their social, economic and environmental impacts and their ability to fund urban transport capital investments, operational expenses, and maintenance. Urban transport financing needs to be based on an appropriate mix of complementary financing instruments. In particular for capital investments, a combination of grants †“from multiple levels of government†“ and loans together with investments through public private partnerships could finance large projects that benefit society. Moreover, the property tax emerges as a key financing instrument for capital, operation, and maintenance expenses. By choosing the most appropriate mix of financing instruments and focusing on wise investments, cities can design comprehensive financing for all types of urban transport projects, using multi-level innovative revenue sources that promote efficient pricing schemes, increase overall revenue, strengthen sustainable transport, and cover capital investments, operation, and maintenance for all parts of a public transport system, "from the sidewalk to the subway."

Author : Kyle M. Kirschling,Raymond C. Niles
Publisher : Kirschling & Niles
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Substeading by Kyle M. Kirschling,Raymond C. Niles Pdf

Radically improved urban transportation would greatly improve our quality of life and standard of living, and substeading would achieve this. Substeading is homesteading underground; it is a legal process that would allow new privately owned corridors to be brought into productive use from the unused subsurface. Substeading is economically powerful, based on proven technology, and could transform big cities in a generation. It would create brand-new and conveniently-located rights-of-way, ideal for new urban transportation networks and other infrastructure. This would pave the way for bigger and better cities by nurturing new construction and infrastructure technologies and by eroding regulatory obstacles to new development. Substeading is also politically practical because it has minimal environmental impacts, requires no government funding, and doesn’t use eminent domain.

Author : Leigh Fisher Associates,Matthew A. Coogan,Transit Cooperative Research Program
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Access to airports
ISBN : 030906659X

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Improving Public Transportation Access to Large Airports by Leigh Fisher Associates,Matthew A. Coogan,Transit Cooperative Research Program Pdf

Examines legal, financial, institutional, technical, jurisdictional and other factors affecting public transportation to airports.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0195209923

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World Development Report 1994 by Anonim Pdf

World Development Report 1994 examines the link between infrastructure and development and explores ways in which developing countries can improve both the provision and the quality of infrastructure services. In recent decades, developing countries have made substantial investments in infrastructure, achieving dramatic gains for households and producers by expanding their access to services such as safe water, sanitation, electric power, telecommunications, and transport. Even more infrastructure investment and expansion are needed in order to extend the reach of services - especially to people living in rural areas and to the poor. But as this report shows, the quantity of investment cannot be the exclusive focus of policy. Improving the quality of infrastructure service also is vital. Both quantity and quality improvements are essential to modernize and diversify production, help countries compete internationally, and accommodate rapid urbanization. The report identifies the basic cause of poor past performance as inadequate institutional incentives for improving the provision of infrastructure. To promote more efficient and responsive service delivery, incentives need to be changed through commercial management, competition, and user involvement. Several trends are helping to improve the performance of infrastructure. First, innovation in technology and in the regulatory management of markets makes more diversity possible in the supply of services. Second, an evaluation of the role of government is leading to a shift from direct government provision of services to increasing private sector provision and recent experience in many countries with public-private partnerships is highlighting new ways to increase efficiency and expand services. Third, increased concern about social and environmental sustainability has heightened public interest in infrastructure design and performance.

Author : Daniel Pulido,Georges Darido,Ramon Munoz-Raskin,Joanna Moody
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 794 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2018-09-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464812736

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The Urban Rail Development Handbook by Daniel Pulido,Georges Darido,Ramon Munoz-Raskin,Joanna Moody Pdf

Cities across the globe are looking to develop affordable, environmentally friendly, and socially responsible transportation solutions that can meet the accessibility needs of expanding metropolitan populations and support future economic and urban development. When appropriately planned and properly implemented as part of a larger public transportation network, urban rail systems can provide rapid mobility and vital access to city centers from surrounding districts. High-performing urban rail services, when carefully approached as development projects, can help enhance quality of life by giving citizens access to employment opportunities, essential services, urban amenities, and neighboring communities. The purpose of this Handbook is to synthesize and disseminate knowledge to inform the planning, implementation, and operations of urban rail projects with a view towards: -- Emphasizing the need for early studies and project planning; -- Making projects more sustainable (economically, socially, and environmentally); -- Improving socioeconomic returns and access to opportunities for users; -- Maximizing the value of private participation, where appropriate; and -- Building capacity within project implementing and managing institutions This Handbook provides experiential advice to tackle the technical, institutional, and financial challenges faced by decision makers considering urban rail projects. It brings together the expertise of World Bank staff and the input of numerous specialists to synthesize international 'good practices' and recommendations that are independent of commercial, financial political, or other interests. The material presented is intended as an honest-broker guide to maximize the impact and manage the challenges of urban rail systems in cities in both developed and developing countries. Rather than identify a single approach, this Handbook acknowledges the complexities and context necessary when approaching an urban rail development by helping to prepare decision makers to ask the right questions, consider the key issues, perform the necessary studies, apply adequate tools, and learn from international good practice all at the right time in the project development process.

Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board. Committee for an International Comparison of National Policies and Expectations Affecting Public Transit
Publisher : Washington, D.C. : Transportation Research Board, National Research Council
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 0309067480

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Making Transit Work by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board. Committee for an International Comparison of National Policies and Expectations Affecting Public Transit Pdf

This report was prepared for policy makers searching for ways to boost public transit use in U.S. urban areas and wishing to know what can be learned from the experiences of Canada and Western Europe. Describes the differences in public transit use among U.S., Canadian, and Western European cities; identifies those factors, from urban form to automobile usage, that have contributed to these differences; and offers hypotheses about the reasons for these differences--from historical, demographic, and economic conditions to specific public policies, such as automobile taxation and urban land use regulation.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780309213530

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Resource Manual for Airport In-terminal Concessions by Anonim Pdf

'TRB's Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) Report 54: Resource Manual for Airport In-Terminal Concessions provides guidance on the development and implementation of airport concession programs. The report includes information on the airport concession process; concession goals; potential customers; developing a concession space plan and concession mix; the Airport Concessions Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (ACDBE) program; and concession procurement, contracting, and management practices"--Publisher's description.