How Pro Poor Are Participatory Watershed Management Projects An Indian Case Study
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How pro-poor are participatory watershed management projects?: An Indian case study by Kurian, Mathew, Dietz, T. Pdf
This report draws on a survey and case study evidence from 28 watershed management groups in Haryana to argue that participatory watershed management projects need not necessarily safeguard the interests of poorer rural households.
Balancing irrigation and hydropower: Case study from Southern Sri Lanka by Molle, François, Jayakody, Priyantha, Ariyaratne, Ranjith, Somatilake, H. S. Pdf
This report analyzes a case from southern Sri Lanka, where the Samanalawewa dam and the Kaltota Irrigation Scheme (KIS) compete for the water of the Walawe river. At the catchment level, it is shown that dam releases are well attuned to the needs of KIS and to the occurrences of natural runoff, and that little of the dam water is "lost" to the river.
Multiple-use water services to advance the millennium development goals by van Koppen, Barbara, Moriarty, P., Boelee, Eline Pdf
This research report presents the findings of the first phase of the action-research project "Models for implementing multiple-use water supply systems for enhanced land and water productivity, rural livelihoods and gender equity." Multipleuse water services, or "mus" in short, is a participatory, integrated and poverty-reduction focused approach in poor rural and peri-urban areas, which takes people's multiple water needs as a starting point for providing integrated services, moving beyond the conventional sectoral barriers of the domestic and productive sectors.
Governance of Urban Wastewater Reuse for Agriculture by Ganesh Keremane Pdf
This book presents a conceptual and practical tool for those involved directly or indirectly in the planning and management of basic provision of water supply, wastewater and stormwater services in metropolitan regions by offering insights into governance paradigms and institutional arrangements for urban wastewater reuse in agriculture from Australia and India. Instead of focusing on the technical aspects of designing and building infrastructure, it provides a better understanding of the institutional and governance challenges of managing urban wastewater, particularly for reuse in agriculture. As water supplies fall and water stress increases in many areas, the potential of wastewater as a resource is being widely recognized. Today, wastewater (re)use has become an attractive option for conserving and expanding available water supplies. While wastewater (re)use can have many applications, its use in agriculture is the most established, and the one with the longest tradition. Given the growing competition for freshwater from industry and cities, without doubt there is going to be a rapid increase in the global use of treated wastewater, making improved wastewater use in agriculture an emerging priority. Even though it is a vast resource if we reclaim it properly, often most wastewater is wasted. Therefore, in order to realize the full potential of this resource, decision support in policy design and implementation (Institutions and Governance) is key. Institutions and governance frameworks need to provide for the rights of access, rights of ownership, rights to manage source and treated water and the obligations of final use of recycling operations.
Irrigation and Water Policies in the Mekong Region by François Molle Pdf
This report documents current irrigation and water policies in the Mekong countries. It successively reviews planning issues, water policies and legal frameworks, the setting up of water policy "apex bodies," participatory policies, and IWRM/river basin management.
Irrigation and schistosomiasis in Africa: Ecological aspects by Boelee, Eline, Madsen, H. Pdf
his research report discusses ecological aspects of schistosomiasis transmission and options for its control in irrigated areas in Africa through environmental measures. Human schistosomiasis is endemic in 46 African countries.After being infected by larvae emerging from human excreta and urine deposited in the water, freshwater snails act as intermediate hosts.
Adoption and impacts of microirrigation technologies: Empirical results from selected localities of Maharashtra and Gujarat states of India by Namara, Regassa, Upadhyay, Bhawana, Nagar, R. K. Pdf
This report analyzes the economics of alternative microirrigation technologies ranging from low-cost drip and sprinkler systems to the capital-intensive systems, the determinants of adoption of microirrigation technology, the poverty outreach of the different microirrigation systems, and the sustainability implications of microirrigation adoption.
Carbon, land and water: A global analysis of the hydrologic dimensions of climate change mitigation through afforestation / reforestation by Zomer, Robert, Trabucco, Antonio, van Straaten, Oliver,Bossio, Deborah Pdf
This report highlights the potentially significant impacts on the hydrologic cycle and the importance of considering secondary effects, particularly with regard to water, resulting from the widespread adoption of global climate change mitigation measures. It is recommended that the implicit hydrologic dimensions of climate change mitigation should be more formally articulated within the international environmental conventions, and recognized within future UNFCCC negotiations on the CDM-AR provisions.
The reliability improvement in irrigation services: Application of rotational water distribution to tertiary canals in Central Asia by Abdullaev, Iskandar, Ul Hassan, Mehmood, Manthrithilake, Herath, Yakubov, Murat Pdf
his report addresses a specific context of massive inequity and unevenness in water allocation and distribution experienced presently by the water users in transitional Central Asian economies, as a result of broad-scale fragmentation of the previously large farms. The report describes action research aimed at making water distribution at the tertiary level more reliable, transparent and equitable.
Irrigation and Drainage by Muhammad Salik Javaid Pdf
The sustainability of irrigation and drainage in the face of many variants and constraints like availability of water as a resource, ecological balance, socio-cultural impacts, and climate change effects lies in the strategies adopted and systems emplaced. It has always remained a challenge for the users of irrigation waters to maintain sustainability in quality and quantity. This book aims ?to explore frontiers of knowledge in coining sustainable strategies and systems direly needed in managing the quality and quantity of water required for crop irrigation, surface and root zone drainage and flood management using available tools of research and development?. Eminent authors and their colleagues possessing varied professional backgrounds and expertise have dealt with these issues concerning the strategies and systems of irrigation and drainage. This book will prove to be beneficial for crop growers, agricultural engineers, water resource managers, academicians and graduate students alike.
Resources, Services and Risks by Mathew Kurian,Reza Ardakanian,Linda Gonçalves Veiga,Kristin Meyer Pdf
This book discusses the role of observatories in supporting evidence-based decision-making. The book focuses on issues of data accessibility, monitoring frameworks and governance processes with regard to environmental resources – water, soil and waste. This publication highlights challenges related to policy-implementation measures and examines current monitoring approaches, and illustrates how the UNU-FLORES Nexus Observatory seeks to overcome concerns related to data, monitoring and governance of water, soil and waste resources. In particular, given that extreme weather events such as droughts and floods are predicted to become more frequent in the future, it discusses the need for improved hazard risk monitoring. It proposes risk indices for drought and floods, which measure exposure and vulnerability to the phenomena through a multitude of bio-physical, socio-economic and institutional indicators. Furthermore, the potential for using openly accessible data made available through observatories in decision-making aimed at improving food security is also discussed. It acknowledges governments as key players in environmental resource management, and recognizes that decentralization reforms, as well as the emergence of information and communication technologies, have significantly changed the role of governments in promoting sustainable development. The book is particularly relevant for decision-makers, donor agencies, practitioners and students with an interest in environmental management who are also keen followers of discussions on the post-2015 monitoring agenda.
Kashaigili, J. J., McCartney, Matthew, Mahoo, H. F., Lankford, B. A., Mbilinyi, B. P., Yawson, D. K., Tumbo, S. D.
Author : Kashaigili, J. J., McCartney, Matthew, Mahoo, H. F., Lankford, B. A., Mbilinyi, B. P., Yawson, D. K., Tumbo, S. D. Publisher : IWMI Page : 49 pages File Size : 46,7 Mb Release : 2006 Category : Wetland management ISBN : 9789290906452
Use of a hydrological model for environmental management of the Usangu Wetlands, Tanzania by Kashaigili, J. J., McCartney, Matthew, Mahoo, H. F., Lankford, B. A., Mbilinyi, B. P., Yawson, D. K., Tumbo, S. D. Pdf
This report presents the findings of a study to assess changes to flows into, and downstream of, the Usangu Wetlands, located in the headwaters of the Great Ruaha River, Tanzania. Hydrological data, in conjunction with remote sensing techniques, were used to provide insights into changes that have occurred to the Eastern Wetland. Results indicate that, between 1958 and 2004, inflows to the wetland declined by about 70 percent in the dry season months (July to November) as a consequence of increased human withdrawals, primarily for irrigation.
Informal Irrigation in Urban West Africa by Pay Drechsel,Sophie Graefe,Moise Sonou,Olufunke O. Cofie Pdf
This report tries to provide a state-of-the-art overview on irrigated urban agriculture in the West African subregion based on a comprehensive literature review supported by the results of three IWMI FAO projects.
Institutions for integrated water resources management in upland watersheds of Southeast Asia: A comparative analysis of Thailand and Lao PDR by Kurian, Mathew Pdf
Income / Environmental degradation / Domestic water / Food security / Watersheds / Decentralization / Institutions
An Irrigated Area Map of the World (1999), Derived from Remote Sensing by Prasad Srinivasa Thenkabail Pdf
This research report presents the results of a global analysis of multi-temporal time series at nominal 10 kilometer pixel resolution. Statistics of irrigation at country level are derived from these maps for different seasons and for the entire year (annualized) for the nominal year of 1999. Three methods of area abstraction are used and compared, and three methods of accuracy assessment are applied. The annualized irrigated areas of the world at the end of the last millennium were about 480 Mha of which there were 263 Mha for season 1, 176 Mha for season 2, and 41 Mha for continuous cropping. Of this, Asia alone accounts for 78 percent (375 Mha) with 59 percent from China and India. The country statistics are compared with FAO country-level statistics (see Annex I). The IWMI GIAM 10 km V2.0 map were tested based on 3 sources of independent data resulting in accuracies between 84 and 91 percent with errors of omission not exceeding 16 percent and errors of commission less than 21 percent. The total area available for irrigation (TAAI; the nearest equivalent to FAO’s equipped area) was 412 Mha.