How To Buy Cbd Oil 5 Important Considerations Required To Selecting The Best Cbd Oil For Pain Anxiety And Health
How To Buy Cbd Oil 5 Important Considerations Required To Selecting The Best Cbd Oil For Pain Anxiety And Health Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of How To Buy Cbd Oil 5 Important Considerations Required To Selecting The Best Cbd Oil For Pain Anxiety And Health book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
How to Buy CBD Oil: 5 Important Considerations Required to Selecting the Best CBD Oil for Pain, Anxiety and Health by Ema Hawkins Pdf
A CONCISE NO FLUFF GUIDE TO BUYING QUALITY CBD OIL TO SAVE MONEY Getting to know what CBD oil can do for you is practically meaningless without knowledge of how to identify the right product to meet your needs. Think about getting the best out of every drop of CBD oil you consume and money spent. There is an explosion of interest in CBD. And as a result many investors have been driven to cash in. The negative effect of this is that you may be easily misled by dubious advertisements due to ignorance. This book does not only show you what you should be looking for when you buy a CBD Oil product. It goes further to clarify what your expectations should be as a beginner. You will find valuable pieces of information like those listed below as you flip through the pages of HOW TO BUY CBD OIL 2 sources where you could purchase CBD Oil How to buy CBD Oil 5 core factors that should influence your purchasing decision A practical beginners application guide to using CBD Oil 9 steps to make your own CBD Oil Buy now to grab your personal copy of this informative book Scroll up and click the BUY NOW button to do so.
Are you looking for a solution to pain relief or suffering less? Would you like to learn more about CBD oil? Do you want to avoid mistakes when choosing your product? CBD oil has been known to help people suffering from diabetes, anxiety, depression, acne, nausea, obesity, sleep disorders, stress, stroke, arthritis, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases and many many others disfunctions or diseases. If you have been dealing with serious health issues and are longing to live a calmer, happier life, CBD oil should be the next remedy you give a try. But before you do, you'll need to be aware of what it is and how it works. IN THIS BOOK YOU WILL LEARN: - What CBD oil is and how it works on the human body - The incredible Benefits of CBD oil - CBD oil vs. standard pain medication - 4 Methods of Usage and What to Use it for - CBD dosage: how not to make mistakes - Are there any side effects from using CBD oil? - 10 guiding principles for choosing the best CBD Oil in the market - 2 CBD oil recipes that you'll like so much This book will provide you with a deeper insight into essential information regarding CBD oil and cannabidiol. And most importantly, you will learn the principles to choose the right CBD oil on the market. A concise to guide to using CBD Oil correctly without getting get high. Get your copy today and begin reaping the health benefits of CBD oil! Grab your copy now!
Learn how you can legally buy and begin using CBD oil for pain and anxiety relief. If you are in pain or have health issues and you are not looking into CBD as a therapy option, then you are missing out. For example, an investigation in 2015 showed that the pain reducing and anti-inflammatory properties of CBD oil allowed for smaller doses of morphine to be given to people in pain. This absolute beginner's book will not only teach you how to get started using CBD oil but will also answer the following questions: What exactly is CBD Oil? Is CBD Oil safe to use? Does it have any other health benefits? What is the difference between CBD oil, marijuana, and THC? What are the legal issues involved with buying CBD Oil? What are the best brands to buy? With CBD Oil: The Beginner's Guide to Buying and Using CBD Oil for Pain and Anxiety Relief , you are certain to learn nearly everything you need to know about the world of cannabis and CBD oil. From the legal issues to the medical benefits, to the marijuana side effects, and even the various products available--this book is sure to teach you everything you need to know.
Improve Your Health & Feel Better Than Ever With CBD Oil Learn How To Reduce Pain & Anxiety and Feel Happy Again with CBD Oil. Do you have any of the following questions: - Can CBD Oil help me reduce my pain? - Can CBD Oil reduce my anxiety? - Can CBD Oil improve my health? If so, I have good news the answer to all these questions is 'yes'! Buy 'CBD Hemp Oil 101' CBD, which is short for cannabidiol, is the main component in CBD Hemp Oil. CBD is a chemical compound found in industrial hemp, a cannabis plant. However, unlike THC - which is the psychoactive ingredient in marijuana - CBD does not get you high. Research has actually shown that CBD even reduces the psychoactive effects of THC. Only recently, CBD has been found to have profound positive effects on the health of people who had exhausted all other medical treatment. CBD has turned out to be a real life-saver! Are you struggling with health issues? Then you should give CBD hemp oil a try! Why You Should Check Out 'CBD Hemp Oil 101' 'CBD Hemp Oil 101' is a complete no-fluff guide to CBD Oil that will turn you from an absolute beginner into a CBD expert. This CBD Hemp Oil Guide is jam-packed with science-backed health benefits. For example, CBD can alleviate symptoms of: - Inflammation - Nicotine - Opioids - Epilepsy - Cancer - Stress and Anxiety - Anxiety Disorders - Schizophrenia - Type-1 Diabetes - Acne - Alzheimer's Disease - Appetite Disorders That list is quite impressive, wouldn't you agree? What's most important: I will take you by the hand and teach you everything you need to know about CBD Hemp Oil. Here is What You Will Learn: - What is CBD? - Health Benefits of CBD - What is CBD Hemp Oil? - How to Buy CBD Oil? - Various Kinds of Hemp Oil - How to Make CBD Hemp Oil - Is CBD Hemp Oil Legal? - And Much More! Finally, as a FREE & EXCLUSIVE BONUS, you'll also get the chapter 'A Brief History of Cannabis' from my other book 'DIY Cannabis Extracts 101.' To recap If you apply what you will learn in 'CBD Hemp Oil 101', your life will never be the same! So, let's get started, shall we? Take action now! Scroll to the top of this page and click the 'Buy Now' button.
CBD Hemp Oil and Medical Cannabis: A Practical Guide to Better Health and Relief from Pain and Anxiety by Robert McGowan Pdf
Do you suffer from anxiety, depression, chronic pain, rheumatoid, arthritis, fibromyalgia, debilitating neck and back pain, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy or another ailment or injury impacting your quality of life? If so, then you are also likely experiencing significant unwanted side effects from the medications you must take. If this sounds familiar, the information in this book will completely change your life. In 1992, scientists discovered the human endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS helps regulate many of our body's other systems including those for appetite, pain-sensation, mood, and memory. It plays an important role in our cardiac, muscular, digestive and central nervous systems. The ECS connects receptor sites in the brain, organs, glands, connective tissue and immune cells. Clinical Endocannabinoid Deficiency Syndrome, or CEDS, can occur when our bodies fail to produce sufficient natural cannabinoids, resulting in an imbalance in our other systems. The consequence can be illness unless the ECS finds a CBD supplementation. Cannabis, (hemp, marijuana) contains cannabinoids that work in harmony with our own naturally produced ones to stimulate our ECS receptors and maintain optimum health. CBD and THC are both cannabinoids found in cannabis. While THC produces a ''high'' in the user, CBD doesn't. CBD possesses life-changing, positive health benefits without the typical side effects of modern medications. It has been used for thousands of years to treat a host of conditions in people and animals - naturally. CBD has been shown to have a profound effect on symptoms of: Stress, Anxiety and Depression Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Addiction Cancer and Strokes Inflammation Epilepsy Insomnia Type-1 Diabetes Appetite disorders And much more! CBD can also boost athletic and mental performance, help to lose fat and gain muscle, treat your pets, create home-made natural beauty products including anti age creams/serums and be used in many delicious recipes. CBD Hemp Oil and Medical Cannabis will discuss everything you should know and will lead you towards a healthier, happier life. Inside you will learn: A brief history of cannabis; What is CBD oil and how it works; Different types of CBD oil; How the endocannabinoid system works; Health benefits of CBD; Any negatives to CBD; The difference between CBD, hemp and marijuana; How to make CBD oil; How to make your own CBD beauty products including effective anti-aging serum; How to take CBD; Exact Dosages; How to purchase CBD; Legal Aspects; How to treat your Pets with CBD; CBD Success stories; What the future holds; Common terms; and, Much more. Bonus Chapters Medical Marijuana Delicious Recipes It's time to live the life you deserve. Start today! Scroll to the top and buy with one click. You don't need a kindle device to read the eBook. You can download it to your phone, laptop, pc, iPad, tablet - or kindle. Get the ebook FREE with the paperback! relatedcbd usp cbd vape pen cbd vape cbd vape juice cbd vape oil cbd vape pen with charger cbd water cbd wraps cbd watersoluble oil cbd what you need to know cbd wax cbd xtreme cbd xrp cbd x concentrate cbd xrd cbd xp cbd yard sign cbd yea cbd you can vape cbd 1000mg cbd 1000mg oil cbd 1500mg oil cbd 1500 cbd 15 mg capsules cbd oil for pain, cbd hemp oil, hemp oil, cbd books, cannabis recipes, medical marijuana books, for dogs anxiety cbd for cat
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Health Effects of Marijuana: An Evidence Review and Research Agenda
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Health Effects of Marijuana: An Evidence Review and Research Agenda Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 487 pages File Size : 52,6 Mb Release : 2017-03-31 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309453073
The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Health Effects of Marijuana: An Evidence Review and Research Agenda Pdf
Significant changes have taken place in the policy landscape surrounding cannabis legalization, production, and use. During the past 20 years, 25 states and the District of Columbia have legalized cannabis and/or cannabidiol (a component of cannabis) for medical conditions or retail sales at the state level and 4 states have legalized both the medical and recreational use of cannabis. These landmark changes in policy have impacted cannabis use patterns and perceived levels of risk. However, despite this changing landscape, evidence regarding the short- and long-term health effects of cannabis use remains elusive. While a myriad of studies have examined cannabis use in all its various forms, often these research conclusions are not appropriately synthesized, translated for, or communicated to policy makers, health care providers, state health officials, or other stakeholders who have been charged with influencing and enacting policies, procedures, and laws related to cannabis use. Unlike other controlled substances such as alcohol or tobacco, no accepted standards for safe use or appropriate dose are available to help guide individuals as they make choices regarding the issues of if, when, where, and how to use cannabis safely and, in regard to therapeutic uses, effectively. Shifting public sentiment, conflicting and impeded scientific research, and legislative battles have fueled the debate about what, if any, harms or benefits can be attributed to the use of cannabis or its derivatives, and this lack of aggregated knowledge has broad public health implications. The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids provides a comprehensive review of scientific evidence related to the health effects and potential therapeutic benefits of cannabis. This report provides a research agendaâ€"outlining gaps in current knowledge and opportunities for providing additional insight into these issuesâ€"that summarizes and prioritizes pressing research needs.
CBD: The Ultimate Oil for Pain the Complete Guide to the Relief of Pain, Anxiety, Insomnia, and Much More for Better Health by Crystal L. Harrison Pdf
CBD Is A Very Real And Powerful Substance That Has The Ability To Change Lives! Take Back Your Life And Learn To Live Again Without Pain, Anxiety, Or InsomniaYou hear about it in the media, and you'll see it in your neighborhood store; Cannibidiol, also known as CBD, is rapidly becoming one of the best supplements worldwide and for good reason. With this recent increase in popularity, it is no wonder that many of us want to know more about what makes this special compound so amazing.What is CBD? Why has it become so famous, and why only recently? Is it safe? Is it pleasant to ingest? Is it for me? I'm sure you have a hundred such questions. This is exactly why this book was written: To help people like you understand CBD and grasp its potential power and benefits.CBD is often overshadowed by THC, which provides many of the effects most commonly associated with cannabis. THC is the compound responsible for the psychoactive effects of marijuana, causing what is known as a "high."CBD, on the other hand, is actually non-psychoactive. It's legal, and, in fact, even has some opposite effects to those of THC. CBD can improve overall wellness, increasing your quality of life in a similar way to medicinal marijuana but without the high, offering relaxation and calm.The THC in marijuana, as you might well know, used to be an illegal substance in most states. Marijuana has become synonymous with crime and addiction in the minds of many until recently. Studies have started to reveal that marijuana may actually become a source of hope and relief for people who need it most. Marijuana has been shown to help both healthy and ill individuals feel more relaxed and enjoy an overall better quality of life.CBD was found to be one of the main cannabinoids showing promise as a relaxing and wellness-inducing substance. Even better, CBD did not cause psychotropic effects, which made it absolutely legal.Yet, despite all this evidence - and because of the common abuse of its psychoactive effects - marijuana remains illegal for the general public in a select few states.This is where industrial hemp and CBD can help. You wonder what industrial hemp actually is? Well, you are not alone!Industrial hemp has been cultivated since ancient times in Eastern Asian countries for its oil and its strong fibers, which were used to make cloth. In ancient China, hemp seed oil was considered medicinal on top of being a great source of nutrition. Much later, that same interest in CBD oil began to grow in the West.Legal and certified shops, whether it be a brick and mortar store in your local city or a reputable online seller, offer you the highest-quality CBD products in a variety of forms that will simply amaze you.In This Book You Will Learn... What Is CBD? Is CBD Legal? Does CBD Get You High? Are There Any Risks Or Side Effects? What Are Terpenes? Full Spectrum vs Isolate. Which One Is Right For You? CBD As An Anti-Inflammatory CBD For Pain Relief CBD For Anxiety CBD For Insomnia Different Ways To Take CBD Will CBD Show Up On A Drug Test? And Much More! It's Time To Start Living Your Life Your Way
CBD Oil for Healthy Life: Combat Anxiety, Pain, and Many Chronic Health Conditions Naturally with Some Infused CBD Tasteful Recipes by Troy Thaxton Pdf
It is no news that the world is in the heart of a cannabis revolution. Many people are starting to realize that cannabis, what was initially considered an unsafe psychoactive substance, is not only safe but tremendously versatile in its medical benefits. Many individual has suffered some health challenges at least at one point as we can't completely be free of it in our life time. While people have been more addicted to medications to treat these conditions, the side effects of this medication bothers alot and that is when CBD comes in the frame. CBD does not only posses the ability to combat anxiety, pain and other health conditions naturally but also the ease of use and how it can easily be programmed in the day-to-day lifestyle by using its oil is interesting. Do you care to have indepth knowledge of CBD, its medical benefits to naturally combat ailments like epilepsy, chest or back pain, skin disorder, anxiety, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and many more? Do you wish to learn some of tasty CBD infused recipes to take at home while enjoying its therapeutic benefits? If your answer is yes then this book is what you need. What you'll find in this book What is Cannabinoids? Difference Between THC and CBD Misconceptions About CBD The Legality of CBD What is CBD Oil? How to Make Cbd Oil How CBD Work in our Body Benefits Of CBD Oil Different Types Of CBD Products And How To Take Them The Best Brands of the Products to Choose From How To Make Your Own CBD Infused Edible at Home Lip-Smacking CBD Infused Recipes You Should Try GET THIS BOOK NOW AND LEARN HOW TO LIVE A HEALTHY LIFE WITH THE HELP OF CBD OIL
Are you Struggling with anxiety or depression? Or them chronic aches and pains that just don't seem to go away? Maybe your just fed up of trying endless types of prescription drugs or so called miracle cures? If this sounds all too familiar, then keep reading. Like many people when it comes to CBD oil, you're a bit skeptical about all the hype, and probably have heard the word Cannabis being thrown around far too often making you feel a bit uneased You probably have questions on your mind such as, is there any side effects? How much does it cost? Or will it work forever? But there's really no need to worry! As we will give you the step by step guidance you need, to take you from not knowing anything about CBD & Hemp oils, to knowing everything essential that there is to know. Here's what you'll discover inside this book: Why other treatment drugs will never work to help your problems Think Cannabis is a harmful drug? We'll show you why it isn't How CBD actually works when it comes to overcoming your anxiety and depression The Real truth when it comes to using CBD as cancer treatment Where people get confused when it comes to the main differences between CBD & Hemp oils What you need to know when looking into the different types of CBD oils, before buying The Biggest Myths & Misconceptions that you need to know about Mixing with other medications, what you should & shouldn't be doing The Important Key Factors you need to know when taking the right dosage And much, much more Even if everything else you've tried hasn't worked and you're on the verge of giving up hope, CBD oil is more than likely the perfect natural remedy that you just might have been looking for all along. So if you want rid of them dreaded disorders and never ending aches and pains once and for all Why not just simply give this book a try today.
Get healthy, not high. Discover the calming, pain-relieving effects of CBD oil and try recipes for delicious CBD-infused edibles and DIY self-care products. CBD oil, or cannabidiol, is a nonpsychoactive compound found in cannabis that boasts serious health benefits for your mind and body. It's been shown to effectively alleviate pain, lessen anxiety, reduce inflammation, and improve overall well-being. Get the facts about CBD oil, and experience the benefits of this healing product with edibles and self-care products you can make yourself and customize to meet your needs. Dr. Rachna Patel, a recognized expert in the field of medical cannabis, separates fact from fiction in The CBD Oil Solution, sharing everything you need to know about CBD, including: Explanation of CBD oil--what it is, how it works, and how it differs from THC What ailments can be treated with CBD oil--and how to decide if CBD is right for you What to consider when purchasing CBD oil, including how to read a product label Information on proper dosing and use More than 40 recipes and remedies--from drinks and desserts to lotions and lip balms--that can be customized for your needs.
Therapeutic Uses of Cannabis by British Medical Association Pdf
At the last Annual Representative Meeting of the British Medical Association a motion was passed that `certain additional cannabinoids should be legalized for wider medicinal use.'' This report supports this landmark statement by reviewing the scientific evidence for the therapeutic use of cannabinoids and sets the agenda for change. It will be welcomed by those who believe that cannabinoids can be used in medical treatment. The report discusses in a clear and readable form the use and adverse effects of the drug for nausea, multiple sclerosis, pain, epilepsy, glaucoma, and asthma.
It Shouldn't be this Hard to Serve Your Country by David J. Shulkin Pdf
The former VA secretary describes his fight to save health care from politics and money-and how it was ultimately derailed by a small group of unelected officials with influence in the Trump White House. Known in health care circles for his ability to fix ailing hospitals, Dr. David Shulkin was originally brought into government by President Obama, in an attempt to save the broken Department of Veterans Affairs. When President Trump made him VA secretary, Dr. Shulkin was as shocked as anyone. Yet this surprise was trivial compared to what Shulkin encountered as the VA secretary: a team of political appointees devoted to stopping anyone-including the secretary himself-who stood in the way of privatizing the organization and implementing their agenda. In this uninhibited memoir, Shulkin opens up about why the government has long struggled to get good medical care to military veterans and the plan he had for how to address these problems. This is a book about the commitment we make to the people who risk their lives for our country, how and why we've failed to honor it, and why the new administration may be taking us in the wrong direction.
Are you wondering how you can benefit from CBD? Whether it be from a business standpoint or reaping its therapeutic miracles; this book will clarify everything you need to know about CBD. The future of medicinal cannabis has everyone on their toes. Preclinical research is demonstrating promising results, regarding diseases that revolve around pain all the way to neurodegenerative diseases. The success with human clinical trials has amplified the CBD market, therefore, unlocking profitable business opportunities and the accessibility of buying CBD. Currently, there are 33 states that have fully legalized medical marijuana. Now, the remaining 17 states have legalized the distribution of CBD oil, because it is a non-psychoactive compound. It is only a matter of time until medical marijuana is legalized in all the states. CBD and The Therapeutic Benefits Covered Inside The Book: What is CBD oil? What is the Endocannabinoid system? Proof of benefit with staggering success stories Why choose CBD oil? Who is able to use CBD oil? The effects of CBD on the menstrual cycle (women's health issues). Sources, high CBD strains, and genetic matching Routes of administration (topical, inhalation, sublingual, etc.) Dosages and how much to take? What are the inevitable side effects of CBD oil? 24 conditions treated using CBD oil Tips to find credible products on the market All there is about veterinary CBD What to look for on labels? Political and Legal Trends Material Covered in CBD Business Investing and Growing: Why grow your own medicine What instruments and supplies are needed to grow cannabis? The seven key steps to growing cannabis successfully Different CBD-Rich Products (rick simpson oil, canna-cap capsules, etc) Learn to make cannabis cooking oil What is the best medium (soil) for healthy cannabis? Employment and business opportunities Investment approaches (active, cash flow, etc.) What are the pros and cons of different investment approaches? What does it take to be a Do-It-Yourself-Investor? Tips on finding stocks What are some beginner investment strategies? The importance of market timing (long-term vs short-term) CBD has proven to be a miracle worker and Minerva P.S. & Co is proud to deliver an all in one book, covering every major aspect of medicinal cannabis. Minerva was founded by a student at Temple University, finishing his last year of cellular and molecular neuroscience. His ambition and passion for preventative medicine and cell biology has led him to pursue a career in medicine as a future surgeon. Through his knowledge of mechanisms, clinical experience as a trauma technician, and research in neurodegenerative diseases, he has empowered his company to succeed in the world of publishing. Our team is the reason why our books stand out against others. We take the time to research our topics and listen to our audience, therefore, creating higher quality products people wish to read. If you would like to see more benefits this book has; simply click on the book cover and scroll through the delineated table of contents. There you will find what you are looking for in our book. If you want to learn more about the financial and therapeutic benefits of CBD, then scroll up and click "buy now".
Marijuana As Medicine? by Institute of Medicine,Janet Joy,Alison Mack Pdf
Some people suffer from chronic, debilitating disorders for which no conventional treatment brings relief. Can marijuana ease their symptoms? Would it be breaking the law to turn to marijuana as a medication? There are few sources of objective, scientifically sound advice for people in this situation. Most books about marijuana and medicine attempt to promote the views of advocates or opponents. To fill the gap between these extremes, authors Alison Mack and Janet Joy have extracted critical findings from a recent Institute of Medicine study on this important issue, interpreting them for a general audience. Marijuana As Medicine? provides patientsâ€"as well as the people who care for themâ€"with a foundation for making decisions about their own health care. This empowering volume examines several key points, including: Whether marijuana can relieve a variety of symptoms, including pain, muscle spasticity, nausea, and appetite loss. The dangers of smoking marijuana, as well as the effects of its active chemical components on the immune system and on psychological health. The potential use of marijuana-based medications on symptoms of AIDS, cancer, multiple sclerosis, and several other specific disorders, in comparison with existing treatments. Marijuana As Medicine? introduces readers to the active compounds in marijuana. These include the principal ingredient in Marinol, a legal medication. The authors also discuss the prospects for developing other drugs derived from marijuana's active ingredients. In addition to providing an up-to-date review of the science behind the medical marijuana debate, Mack and Joy also answer common questions about the legal status of marijuana, explaining the conflict between state and federal law regarding its medical use. Intended primarily as an aid to patients and caregivers, this book objectively presents critical information so that it can be used to make responsible health care decisions. Marijuana As Medicine? will also be a valuable resource for policymakers, health care providers, patient counselors, medical faculty and studentsâ€"in short, anyone who wants to learn more about this important issue.
FINALLY! YOUR MIRACLE ANTIDOTE TO STRESS, DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, PANIC ATTACKS, SEIZURES, AND MORE, WITHOUT MEDICATIONS. What if you could live everyday with a bright and controlled mood? How about witnessing an end to your daily struggles against stress, anxiety and fear? Do you wish to save your resources spent buying and gulping pills daily? Do you know that applying CBD as treatment for insomnia, schizophrenia, and other health conditions is endorsed by the Mayo clinic, such that they even provide proper dosing suggestions? As a matter of fact, Big Pharma is in the process of developing CBD as a flavored supplement to be used in treating epilepsy. The benefits of CBD oil in treating anxiety are revealed here In this book, you will learn: What research revealed about the 'h' models Anxiety as part of the 'FDA' spectrum, and the effect of CBD Social phobia and P.T.S.D are not just bad, but so are G.A.D, P.D, A.P, and O.C.D A Concise look into why you are anxious A Practical Guide to Applying CBD Oil for Stress, Anxiety and Panic Attacks The best CBD oil for Anxiety How to Supplement With CBD Oil to Help With Anxiety and Depression Get a hold of this life transforming guide now Scroll to the top and click the BUY NOW button to make a copy of this book YOURS
