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Author : Patricia L. Andrews
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Fire
ISBN : OSU:32435083803007
Author : Patricia L. Andrews
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Forest fires
ISBN : LCCN:2010551343
Author : Patricia L. Andrews,Faith Ann Heinsch,Luke Schelvan
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2012-10-19
Category : Forest fires
ISBN : 1480144789
A fire characteristics chart is a graph that presents primary related fire behavior characteristics-rate of spread, flame length, fireline intensity, and heat per unit area. It helps communicate and interpret modeled or observed fire behavior. The Fire Characteristics Chart computer program plots either observed fire behavior or values that have been calculated by another computer program such as the BehavePlus fire modeling system. Program operation is described in this report, and its flexibility in format, color, and labeling is demonstrated for use in a variety of reports. A chart produced by the program is suitable for inclusion in briefings, reports, and presentations. Example applications are given for fire model understanding, observed crown fire behavior, ignition pattern effect on fire behavior, prescribed fire planning, briefings, and case studies. The mathematical foundation for the charts is also described. Separate charts are available for surface fire and crown fire because of differences in the flame length model used for each.
Author : United States Department of Agriculture
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-14
Category : Reference
ISBN : 1506142192
A fire characteristics chart is a graph that presents primary related fire behavior characteristics—rate of spread, flame length, fireline intensity, and heat per unit area. It helps communicate and interpret modeled or observed fire behavior. The Fire Characteristics Chart computer program plots either observed fire behavior or values that have been calculated by another computer program such as the BehavePlus fire modeling system. Program operation is described in this report, and its flexibility in format, color, and labeling is demonstrated for use in a variety of reports. A chart produced by the program is suitable for inclusion in briefings, reports, and presentations. Example applications are given for fire model understanding, observed crown fire behavior, ignition pattern effect on fire behavior, prescribed fire planning, briefings, and case studies. The mathematical foundation for the charts is also described. Separate charts are available for surface fire and crown fire because of differences in the flame length model used for each.
Author : Patricia L. Andrews
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Forests and forestry
ISBN : UIUC:30112102049704
Author : Joe H. Scott
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Fire risk assessment
ISBN : MINN:31951D03001930H
Fire managers are increasingly concerned about the threat of crown fires, yet only now are quantitative methods for assessing crown fire hazard being developed. Links among existing mathematical models of fire behavior are used to develop two indices of crown fire hazard-the Torching Index and Crowning Index. These indices can be used to ordinate different forest stands by their relative susceptibility to crown fire and to compare the effectiveness of crown fire mitigation treatments. The coupled model was used to simulate the wide range of fire behavior possible in a forest stand, from a low-intensity surface fire to a high-intensity active crown fire, for the purpose of comparing potential fire behavior. The hazard indices and behavior simulations incorporate the effects of surface fuel characteristics, dead and live fuel moistures (surface and crown), slope steepness, canopy base height, canopy bulk density, and wind reduction by the canopy. Example simulations are for western Montana Pinus ponderosa and Pinus contorta stands. Although some of the models presented here have had limited testing or restricted geographic applicability, the concepts will apply to models for other regions and new models with greater geographic applicability.
Author : Richard C. Rothermel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Forest fire detection
ISBN : IND:30000098480456
Author : Mark A. Finney,Sara S. McAllister,Jason M. Forthofer,Torben P. Grumstrup
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 675 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2021-11-01
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781486309108
Wildland fires have an irreplaceable role in sustaining many of our forests, shrublands and grasslands. They can be used as controlled burns or occur as free-burning wildfires, and can sometimes be dangerous and destructive to fauna, human communities and natural resources. Through scientific understanding of their behaviour, we can develop the tools to reliably use and manage fires across landscapes in ways that are compatible with the constraints of modern society while benefiting the ecosystems. The science of wildland fire is incomplete, however. Even the simplest fire behaviours – how fast they spread, how long they burn and how large they get – arise from a dynamical system of physical processes interacting in unexplored ways with heterogeneous biological, ecological and meteorological factors across many scales of time and space. The physics of heat transfer, combustion and ignition, for example, operate in all fires at millimetre and millisecond scales but wildfires can become conflagrations that burn for months and exceed millions of hectares. Wildland Fire Behaviour: Dynamics, Principles and Processes examines what is known and unknown about wildfire behaviours. The authors introduce fire as a dynamical system along with traditional steady-state concepts. They then break down the system into its primary physical components, describe how they depend upon environmental factors, and explore system dynamics by constructing and exercising a nonlinear model. The limits of modelling and knowledge are discussed throughout but emphasised by review of large fire behaviours. Advancing knowledge of fire behaviours will require a multidisciplinary approach and rely on quality measurements from experimental research, as covered in the final chapters.
Author : Richard C. Rothermel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Flame spread
ISBN : MINN:31951D03001363Q
This manual documents procedures for estimating the rate of forward spread, intensity, flame length, and size of fires burning in forests and rangelands. Contains instructions for obtaining fuel and weather data, calculating fire behavior, and interpreting the results for application to actual fire problems.
Author : Joe H. Scott
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Fire management
ISBN : MINN:31951D03001418R
Author : Cathryn H. Greenberg,Beverly Collins
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 513 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030732677
This edited volume presents original scientific research and knowledge synthesis covering the past, present, and potential future fire ecology of major US forest types, with implications for forest management in a changing climate. The editors and authors highlight broad patterns among ecoregions and forest types, as well as detailed information for individual ecoregions, for fire frequencies and severities, fire effects on tree mortality and regeneration, and levels of fire-dependency by plant and animal communities. The foreword addresses emerging ecological and fire management challenges for forests, in relation to sustainable development goals as highlighted in recent government reports. An introductory chapter highlights patterns of variation in frequencies, severities, scales, and spatial patterns of fire across ecoregions and among forested ecosystems across the US in relation to climate, fuels, topography and soils, ignition sources (lightning or anthropogenic), and vegetation. Separate chapters by respected experts delve into the fire ecology of major forest types within US ecoregions, with a focus on the level of plant and animal fire-dependency, and the role of fire in maintaining forest composition and structure. The regional chapters also include discussion of historic natural (lightning-ignited) and anthropogenic (Native American; settlers) fire regimes, current fire regimes as influenced by recent decades of fire suppression and land use history, and fire management in relation to ecosystem integrity and restoration, wildfire threat, and climate change. The summary chapter combines the major points of each chapter, in a synthesis of US-wide fire ecology and forest management into the future. This book provides current, organized, readily accessible information for the conservation community, land managers, scientists, students and educators, and others interested in how fire behavior and effects on structure and composition differ among ecoregions and forest types, and what that means for forest management today and in the future.
Author : Canada. Forestry Canada. Fire Danger Group,Canada. Forestry Canada. Science and Sustainable Development Directorate
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Nature
ISBN : MINN:31951D02076403H
The Canadian Forest Fire Behavior Prediction (FBP) System is a subsystem of the larger Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System, which also includes the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index (FWI) System. The FBP system provides quantitative estimates of head fire spread rate, fuel consumption, fire intensity and fire description and gives estimates of fire area, perimeter, perimeter growth rate and flank and back fire behaviour. This report describes the structure and content of the system and its use with forest fire characteristics.
Author : Richard D. Stratton
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 18 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Wildfires
ISBN : WISC:89094223039
Author : Joe H. Scott
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Flame spread
ISBN : MINN:31951D02716565E
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Electronic
ISBN : NWU:35556039350517