Human Factors Models For Aviation Accident Analysis And Prevention

Author : Thomas G.C. Griffin,Mark S. Young,Neville A. Stanton
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9781317120100

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Human Factors Models for Aviation Accident Analysis and Prevention by Thomas G.C. Griffin,Mark S. Young,Neville A. Stanton Pdf

The investigation and modelling of aviation accident causation is dominated by linear models. Aviation is, however, a complex system and as such suffers from being artificially manipulated into non-complex models and methods. This book addresses this issue by developing a new approach to investigating aviation accident causation through information networks. These networks centralise communication and the flow of information as key indicators of a system’s health and risk. This holistic approach focuses on the system environment, the activity that takes place within it, the strategies used to conduct this activity, the way in which the constituent parts of the system (both human and non-human) interact and the behaviour required. Each stage of this book identifies and expands upon the potential of the information network approach, maintaining firm focus on the overall health of a system. The book’s new model offers many potential developments and some key areas are studied in this research. Through the centralisation of barriers and information nodes the method can be applied to almost any situation. The application of Bayesian mathematics to historical data populations provides scope for studying error migration and barrier manipulation. The book also provides application of these predictions to a flight simulator study for the purposes of validation. Beyond this it also discusses the applicability of the approach to industry. Through working with a legacy airline the methods discussed are used as the basis for a new and prospective safety management system.

Author : Douglas A. Wiegmann,Scott A. Shappell
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-12-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781351962353

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A Human Error Approach to Aviation Accident Analysis by Douglas A. Wiegmann,Scott A. Shappell Pdf

Human error is implicated in nearly all aviation accidents, yet most investigation and prevention programs are not designed around any theoretical framework of human error. Appropriate for all levels of expertise, the book provides the knowledge and tools required to conduct a human error analysis of accidents, regardless of operational setting (i.e. military, commercial, or general aviation). The book contains a complete description of the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), which incorporates James Reason's model of latent and active failures as a foundation. Widely disseminated among military and civilian organizations, HFACS encompasses all aspects of human error, including the conditions of operators and elements of supervisory and organizational failure. It attracts a very broad readership. Specifically, the book serves as the main textbook for a course in aviation accident investigation taught by one of the authors at the University of Illinois. This book will also be used in courses designed for military safety officers and flight surgeons in the U.S. Navy, Army and the Canadian Defense Force, who currently utilize the HFACS system during aviation accident investigations. Additionally, the book has been incorporated into the popular workshop on accident analysis and prevention provided by the authors at several professional conferences world-wide. The book is also targeted for students attending Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University which has satellite campuses throughout the world and offers a course in human factors accident investigation for many of its majors. In addition, the book will be incorporated into courses offered by Transportation Safety International and the Southern California Safety Institute. Finally, this book serves as an excellent reference guide for many safety professionals and investigators already in the field.

Author : Daniel E. Maurino,James Reason,Neil Johnston,Rob B. Lee
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9781351955690

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Beyond Aviation Human Factors by Daniel E. Maurino,James Reason,Neil Johnston,Rob B. Lee Pdf

The authors believe that a systematic organizational approach to aviation safety must replace the piecemeal approaches largely favoured in the past, but this change needs to be preceded by information to explain why a new approach is necessary. Accident records show a flattening of the safety curve since the early Seventies: instead of new kinds of accident, similar safety deficiencies have become recurrent features in accident reports. This suggests the need to review traditional accident prevention strategies, focused almost exclusively on the action or inaction’s of front-line operational personnel. The organizational model proposed by the authors is one alternative means to pursue safety and prevention strategies in contemporary aviation; it is also applicable to other production systems. The model argues for a broadened approach, which considers the influence of all organizations (the blunt end ) involved in aviation operations, in addition to individual human performance (the sharp end ). If the concepts of systems safety and organizational accidents are to be advanced, aviation management at all levels must be aware of them. This book is intended to provide a bridge from the academic knowledge gained from research, to the needs of practitioners in aviation. It comprises six chapters: the fundamentals, background and justification for an organizational accident causation model to the flight deck, maintenance and air traffic control environments. The last chapter suggest different ways to apply the model as a prevention tool which furthermore enhances organizational effectiveness. The value of the organizational framework pioneered by Professor Reason in analyzing safety in high-technology production systems is felt by his co-authors to have an enduring role to play, both now and in coming decades. Applied now in this book, it has been adopted by ICAO, IFATCA, IMO, the US National Transportation Safety Board, the Transportation Safety B

Author : Paul M. Salmon,Neville A. Stanton,Michael Lenné,Daniel P. Jenkins,Laura Rafferty,Guy H. Walker
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781317120131

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Human Factors Methods and Accident Analysis by Paul M. Salmon,Neville A. Stanton,Michael Lenné,Daniel P. Jenkins,Laura Rafferty,Guy H. Walker Pdf

This book provides an overview of, and practical guidance on, the range of human factors (HF) methods that can be used for the purposes of accident analysis and investigation in complex sociotechnical systems. Human Factors Methods and Accident Analysis begins with an overview of different accident causation models and an introduction to the concepts of accident analysis and investigation. It then presents a discussion focussing on the importance of, and difficulties associated with, collecting appropriate data for accident analysis purposes. Following this, a range of HF-based accident analysis methods are described, as well as step-by-step guidance on how to apply them. To demonstrate how the different methods are applied, and what the outputs are, the book presents a series of case study applications across a range of safety critical domains. It concludes with a chapter focussing on the data challenges faced when collecting, coding and analysing accident data, along with future directions in the area. Human Factors Methods and Accident Analysis is the first book to offer a practical guide for investigators, practitioners and researchers wishing to apply accident analysis methods. It is also unique in presenting a series of novel applications of accident analysis methods, including HF methods not previously used for these purposes (e.g. EAST, critical path analysis), as well as applications of methods in new domains.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : UCBK:C101357949

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Investigation of Human Factors in Accidents and Incidents by Anonim Pdf

Human Factors (HF) are involved in most aviation occurrences. To advance aviation safety, we must improve our ability to identify the involvement of HF in accidents and incidents. This report: provides investigators and investigation authorities, civil aviation regulatory authorities, corp. mgmt., and other aviation personnel with info. on the need for and purpose of the investigation of HF; outlines a methodology for investigating HF in aircraft accidents and incidents; and describes how the information gathered should be reported. The focus is on the events which led up to the occurrence and not on post-accident events, such as search and rescue and survivability.

Author : Thomas G.C. Griffin,Mark S. Young,Neville A. Stanton
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9781317120094

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Human Factors Models for Aviation Accident Analysis and Prevention by Thomas G.C. Griffin,Mark S. Young,Neville A. Stanton Pdf

The investigation and modelling of aviation accident causation is dominated by linear models. Aviation is, however, a complex system and as such suffers from being artificially manipulated into non-complex models and methods. This book addresses this issue by developing a new approach to investigating aviation accident causation through information networks. These networks centralise communication and the flow of information as key indicators of a system’s health and risk. This holistic approach focuses on the system environment, the activity that takes place within it, the strategies used to conduct this activity, the way in which the constituent parts of the system (both human and non-human) interact and the behaviour required. Each stage of this book identifies and expands upon the potential of the information network approach, maintaining firm focus on the overall health of a system. The book’s new model offers many potential developments and some key areas are studied in this research. Through the centralisation of barriers and information nodes the method can be applied to almost any situation. The application of Bayesian mathematics to historical data populations provides scope for studying error migration and barrier manipulation. The book also provides application of these predictions to a flight simulator study for the purposes of validation. Beyond this it also discusses the applicability of the approach to industry. Through working with a legacy airline the methods discussed are used as the basis for a new and prospective safety management system.

Author : Erik Hollnagel
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2016-12-05
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9781351955935

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Barriers and Accident Prevention by Erik Hollnagel Pdf

Accidents are preventable, but only if they are correctly described and understood. Since the mid-1980s accidents have come to be seen as the consequence of complex interactions rather than simple threads of causes and effects. Yet progress in accident models has not been matched by advances in methods. The author's work in several fields (aviation, power production, traffic safety, healthcare) made it clear that there is a practical need for constructive methods and this book presents the experiences and the state-of-the-art. The focus of the book is on accident prevention rather than accident analysis and unlike other books, has a proactive rather than reactive approach. The emphasis on design rather than analysis is a trend also found in other fields. Features of the book include: -A classification of barrier functions and barrier systems that will enable the reader to appreciate the diversity of barriers and to make informed decisions for system changes. -A perspective on how the understanding of accidents (the accident model) largely determines how the analysis is done and what can be achieved. The book critically assesses three types of accident models (sequential, epidemiological, systemic) and compares their strengths and weaknesses. -A specific accident model that captures the full complexity of systemic accidents. One consequence is that accidents can be prevented through a combination of performance monitoring and barrier functions, rather than through the elimination or encapsulation of causes. -A clearly described methodology for barrier analysis and accident prevention. Written in an accessible style, Barriers and Accident Prevention is designed to provide a stimulating and practical guide for industry professionals familiar with the general ideas of accidents and human error. The book is directed at those involved with accident analysis and system safety, such as managers of safety departments, risk and safety consultants, human factors professionals, and accident investigators. It is applicable to all major application areas such as aviation, ground transportation, maritime, process industries, healthcare and hospitals, communication systems, and service providers.

Author : Hans M. Soekkha
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 827 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2020-03-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000083149

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Aviation Safety, Human Factors - System Engineering - Flight Operations - Economics - Strategies - Management by Hans M. Soekkha Pdf

Questions concerning safety in aviation attract a great deal of attention, due to the growth in this industry and the number of fatal accidents in recent years. The aerospace industry has always been deeply concerned with the permanent prevention of accidents and the conscientious safeguarding of all imaginable critical factors surrounding the organization of processes in aeronautical technology. However, the developments in aircraft technology and control systems require further improvements to meet future safety demands. This book embodies the proceedings of the 1997 International Aviation Safety Conference, and contains 60 talks by internationally recognized experts on various aspects of aviation safety. Subjects covered include: Human interfaces and man-machine interactions; Flight safety engineering and operational control systems; Aircraft development and integrated safety designs; Safety strategies relating to risk insurance and economics; Corporate aspects and safety management factors --- including airlines services and airport security environment.

Author : North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory group for Aerospace Research and Development. Aerospace Medical Panel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : 9283600525

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Prévention Des Accidents D'avion Par la Collecte Et L'analyse de Données D'accidents Facteurs Humains/aéromédicaux by North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory group for Aerospace Research and Development. Aerospace Medical Panel Pdf

Author : Carlo Cacciabue
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781447138129

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Guide to Applying Human Factors Methods by Carlo Cacciabue Pdf

Human error plays a significant role in many accidents involving safety-critical systems, and it is now a standard requirement in both the US and Europe for Human Factors (HF) to be taken into account in system design and safety assessment. This book will be an essential guide for anyone who uses HF in their everyday work, providing them with consistent and ready-to-use procedures and methods that can be applied to real-life problems. The first part of the book looks at the theoretical framework, methods and techniques that the engineer or safety analyst needs to use when working on a HF-related project. The second part presents four case studies that show the reader how the above framework and guidelines work in practice. The case studies are based on real-life projects carried out by the author for a major European railway system, and in collaboration with international companies such as the International Civil Aviation Organisation, Volvo, Daimler-Chrysler and FIAT.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Aircraft Certification Safety Management
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 87 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1998-09-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309173742

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Improving the Continued Airworthiness of Civil Aircraft by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Aircraft Certification Safety Management Pdf

As part of the national effort to improve aviation safety, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) chartered the National Research Council to examine and recommend improvements in the aircraft certification process currently used by the FAA, manufacturers, and operators.

Author : Neil Johnston,Nick McDonald
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-29
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 9781351218801

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Aviation Psychology in Practice by Neil Johnston,Nick McDonald Pdf

This book seeks to extend the boundaries of aviation psychology in two interrelated ways: by broadening the focus of aviation psychology beyond the flight deck to the whole aviation system; and by discussing new theoretical developments which are shaping this applied discipline. A key feature of these theoretical advances is that they are grounded in a more developed, ecologically valid, understanding of practice. Among the issues addressed in this new integration of theory and practice are the following: what goes on in the flight deck is dependent on the wider organisational context; human factors issues in aircraft maintenance and grounding are critical to aviation safety; our capacity to learn from aviation accidents and incidents needs to be supported by more systematic human factors investigation and research; we must also develop our understanding of the human factors of accident survival as well as accident prevention; theories of crew coordination and decision making must be supported by an analysis of how decisions are actually made in the real world with all its stresses and constraints; training should be grounded in a thoroughgoing analysis of the complexity of the job and a full understanding of the training process itself. The text will be of interest to human factors researchers and practitioners in aviation and related areas. It will be of particular relevance to those who have a role in training, management or regulation throughout the aviation system.

Author : Demetris Yiannakides,Charalampos Sergiou
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2019-09-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000708646

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Human Factors in Aircraft Maintenance by Demetris Yiannakides,Charalampos Sergiou Pdf

This book provides an in-depth analysis of human failure and its various forms and root causes. The analysis is developed through real aviation accidents and incidents and the deriving lessons learned. Features: Employs accumulated experience, and the scientific and research point of view, and recorded aviation accidents and incidents from the daily working environment Provides lessons learned and integrates the existing regulations into the human factors discipline Highlights the responsibility concerns and raises the accountability issues deriving from the engineers’ profession by concisely distinguishing human failure types Suggests a new approach in human factors training in order to meet current and future challenges imposed on aviation maintenance Offers a holistic approach in human factors aircraft maintenance Human Factors in Aircraft Maintenance is comprehensive, easy to read, and can be used as both a training and a reference guide for operators, regulators, auditors, researchers, academics, and aviation enthusiasts. It presents the opportunity for aircraft engineers, aviation safety officers, and psychologists to rethink their current training programs and examine the pros and cons of employing this new approach.

Author : Earl L. Wiener,David C. Nagel
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 684 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780080570907

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Human Factors in Aviation by Earl L. Wiener,David C. Nagel Pdf

Since the 1950s, a number of specialized books dealing with human factors has been published, but very little in aviation. Human Factors in Aviation is the first comprehensive review of contemporary applications of human factors research to aviation. A "must" for aviation professionals, equipment and systems designers, pilots, and managers--with emphasis on definition and solution of specific problems. General areas of human cognition and perception, systems theory, and safety are approached through specific topics in aviation--behavioral analysis of pilot performance, cockpit automation, advancing display and control technology, and training methods.

Author : Masako Miyagi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : 186058473X

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Serious Accidents and Human Factors by Masako Miyagi Pdf

Proposes an approach to accident prevention. This book investigates incident reports analytically and reveals the critical information hidden there in that could avert a full-blown accident or disaster. It discusses and advocates the acceptance and use of IRAS (Incident Report Analysing System).