Idioms Of Ontology

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Idioms of Ontology

Wojciech Majka
Idioms of Ontology Book PDF

Author : Wojciech Majka
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-08-26
Category : Poetry
ISBN : 9781443866361

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Idioms of Ontology by Wojciech Majka Pdf

Without a doubt, Walt Whitman is one of the most philosophical poets. His writings are overflowing with conceptions that range from the Presocratics to Hegel. Nevertheless, the philosophical aspect of his work has been neglected with scholars satisfying themselves in making loose allusions to transcendentalist ideas that are said to “respire” in his writings. Therefore, our attention has been drawn to the connection of his poetry with philosophy (phenomenology), since as Emanuel Levinas once stated, “the whole of philosophy is only a meditation of Shakespeare.” Therefore, this book throws the Whitmanesque self into a typically phenomenological context, silhouetting the notion of selfhood against the views of Martin Heidegger, Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Emanuel Levinas. Moreover, the book differentiates between the overall understanding of subjectivity and selfhood. The former corresponds to the representative capacities of the Cartesian cogito, which in itself is detached from the world of life. On the other hand, selfhood is defined though the idea of commitment to the overall “mattering” of the world, which in itself is not reduced to the materialist or idealist understanding. Rather, the world is what phenomenology – following Husserl – calls Lebenswelt, which corresponds to the general way in which the self finds itself attuned to the horizon of its existence.

Text, Speech, and Dialogue

Petr Sojka,Aleš Horák,Ivan Kopeček,Karel Pala
Text Speech and Dialogue Book PDF

Author : Petr Sojka,Aleš Horák,Ivan Kopeček,Karel Pala
Publisher : Springer
Page : 538 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018-09-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030007942

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Text, Speech, and Dialogue by Petr Sojka,Aleš Horák,Ivan Kopeček,Karel Pala Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Text, Speech, and Dialogue, TSD 2018, held in Brno, Czech Republic, in September 2018. The 56 regular papers were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. They focus on topics such as corpora and language resources, speech recognition, tagging, classification and parsing of text and speech, speech and spoken language generation, semantic processing of text and search, integrating applications of text and speech processing, machine translation, automatic dialogue systems, multimodal techniques and modeling.

Idiomatic Creativity

Andreas Langlotz
Idiomatic Creativity Book PDF

Author : Andreas Langlotz
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027223708

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Idiomatic Creativity by Andreas Langlotz Pdf

This book revisits the theoretical and psycholinguistic controversies centred around the intriguing nature of idioms and proposes a more systematic cognitive-linguistic model of their grammatical status and use. Whenever speakers vary idioms in actual discourse, they open a linguistic window into idiomatic creativity – the complex cognitive processing and representation of these heterogeneous linguistic constructions. Idiomatic creativity therefore raises two challenging questions: What are the cognitive mechanisms that underlie and shape idiom-representation? How do these mechanisms define the scope and limits of systematic idiom-variation in actual discourse? The book approaches these problems by means of a comprehensive cognitive-linguistic architecture of meaning and language and analyses them on the basis of corpus-data from the British National Corpus (BNC). Therefore, Idiomatic Creativity should be of great interest to cognitive linguists, phraseologists, corpus linguists, advanced students of linguistics, and all readers who are interested in the fascinating interplay of language and cognitive processing.This book has a companion website: www.idiomatic-creativity.ch.

Ontolinguistics

Andrea C. Schalley,Dietmar Zaefferer
Ontolinguistics Book PDF

Author : Andrea C. Schalley,Dietmar Zaefferer
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 495 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2008-08-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110197792

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Ontolinguistics by Andrea C. Schalley,Dietmar Zaefferer Pdf

Current progress in linguistic theorizing is more and more informed by cross-linguistic (including cross-modal) investigation. Comparison of languages relies crucially on the concepts that can be coded with similar effort in all languages. These concepts are part of every language user's ontology, the network of cross-connected conceptualizations the mind uses in coping with the world. Assuming that language comparability is rooted in the comparability of user ontologies, the idea of the present volume is to further instigate progress in linguistics by looking behind the interface with the conceptual-intentional system and asking a still underexplored question: How are ontological structures reflected in intra- and cross-linguistic regularities? This question defines the research program of ontology based linguistics or ontolinguistics. Recent advances in the theory of language have been characterized by an emphasis on external explanatory adequacy and thus on relating language to other phenomena. The research program introduced in this volume adds a decisively distinct and fresh aspect to this emerging new contextualization of the field by bringing together insights from different areas, mainly linguistics, but also neuroscience, philosophy, and artificial intelligence. In providing these disciplines with a new common task, the exploration of the impact of ontological structures on linguistic regularities, the ontolinguistic approach promises to develop into a vital branch of cognitive science. Documenting the beginnings, the book aims to instigate future interdisciplinary research in this area. It will be of interest to researchers in linguistics, artificial intelligence, philosophy, and cognitive science in general.

Deflating Existential Consequence

Jody Azzouni
Deflating Existential Consequence Book PDF

Author : Jody Azzouni
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780195159882

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Deflating Existential Consequence by Jody Azzouni Pdf

If we take mathematical statements to be true, must we also believe in the existence of abstract invisible mathematical objects? This text claims that the way to escape such a commitment is to accept true statements which are about objects that don't exist in any sense at all.

The Semantic Web – ISWC 2005

Yolanda Gil,Enrico Motta,V. Richard Benjamins,Mark Musen
The Semantic Web ISWC 2005 Book PDF

Author : Yolanda Gil,Enrico Motta,V. Richard Benjamins,Mark Musen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 1073 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2005-10-17
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540320821

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The Semantic Web – ISWC 2005 by Yolanda Gil,Enrico Motta,V. Richard Benjamins,Mark Musen Pdf

A little over a decade has passed since the release of the ?rst Netscape browser. In 1995,the World Wide Web was viewedlargelyas an academiccuriosity.Now, of course, the Web is an integral part of the fabric of modern society. It is impossible to imagine science, education, commerce, or government functioning without the Web. We take the Web for granted, and often assume that Internet connectivity is guaranteed to all of us as a birthright. Although the Web indeed has become “world wide” and has lost a bit of its original aura as a consequence of its ubiquity, a burgeoning community of researchers and practitioners continues to work toward the next generation of the Web—a Web where information will be stored in a machine-processable form and where intelligent computer-based agents will access and automatically combine myriad services on the Internet of the kind that are now available only to people interacting directly with their Web browsers.

The Theory and Practice of Ontology

Leo Zaibert
The Theory and Practice of Ontology Book PDF

Author : Leo Zaibert
Publisher : Springer
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2016-12-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781137552785

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The Theory and Practice of Ontology by Leo Zaibert Pdf

This book provides close examination of ontology and the work of Professor Barry Smith, one of the most prolific philosophers of the modern day. In this book numerous scholars who have collaborated with Smith explore the various disciplines in which the impact of his work has been felt over the breadth of his career, including biology, computer science and informatics, cognitive science, economics, genetics, geography, law, neurology, and philosophy itself. While offering in-depth perspectives on ontology, the book also expands upon the breadth of Smith’s influence. With insights from renowned and influential scholars from many different countries, this book is an informative and enlightening celebration of all Smith has contributed to numerous academic schools of thought.

Jin Yuelin's Ontology

Yvonne Schulz Zinda
Jin Yuelin s Ontology Book PDF

Author : Yvonne Schulz Zinda
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012-02-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789047430100

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Jin Yuelin's Ontology by Yvonne Schulz Zinda Pdf

This is both a work-immanent analysis of Lun dao, and an introduction to Jin’s thought. It begins with the problem of induction, which is the study’s central theme, and proceeds to outline Jin’s ontological response. In addition, it also considers his epistemological response to the problem.

Quine, Structure, and Ontology

Frederique Janssen-Lauret
Quine Structure and Ontology Book PDF

Author : Frederique Janssen-Lauret
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2020-10-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192609878

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Quine, Structure, and Ontology by Frederique Janssen-Lauret Pdf

W.V. Quine, a champion of philosophical naturalism and pioneer of mathematical logic, was one of the most important philosophers of the 20th century. Contemporary thought in ontology, epistemology, and the philosophy of logic and language owes much to his influence, yet recent work in these areas has become increasingly dismissive of his views. This is often because of mistaken or overly simplified conceptions of his philosophy which overlook the development of his views over time, in particular the growing importance of a kind of structuralism to his system as it evolved. This volume provides a fuller, richer picture of Quine's views and their development. With contributions from leading philosophers in a range of subfields including philosophical logic, philosophy of language, history of philosophy, mathematics, philosophy of time, and set theory, it is the first to investigate Quine's views on structure and how it permeates and shapes his attitude to a range of philosophical questions.

Applied Ontology

Katherine Munn,Barry Smith
Applied Ontology Book PDF

Author : Katherine Munn,Barry Smith
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-05-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783110324860

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Applied Ontology by Katherine Munn,Barry Smith Pdf

Ontology is the philosophical discipline which aims to understand how things in the world are divided into categories and how these categories are related together. This is exactly what information scientists aim for in creating structured, automated representations, called ‘ontologies,’ for managing information in fields such as science, government, industry, and healthcare. Currently, these systems are designed in a variety of different ways, so they cannot share data with one another. They are often idiosyncratically structured, accessible only to those who created them, and unable to serve as inputs for automated reasoning. This volume shows, in a non-technical way and using examples from medicine and biology, how the rigorous application of theories and insights from philosophical ontology can improve the ontologies upon which information management depends.

Do Numbers Exist?

Peter van Inwagen,William Lane Craig
Do Numbers Exist Book PDF

Author : Peter van Inwagen,William Lane Craig
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2024-03-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000938296

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Do Numbers Exist? by Peter van Inwagen,William Lane Craig Pdf

In Do Numbers Exist? Peter van Inwagen and William Lane Craig take opposite sides on whether there are abstract objects, such as numbers and properties. Craig argues that there are no abstract objects, whereas Van Inwagen argues that there are. Their exchange explores various arguments about the existence and nature of abstract objects. They focus especially on whether our ordinary and scientific thought and talk commit us to abstract objects, surveying the options available to us and the objections each faces. The debate covers central problems and methods in metaphysics, and also delves into theological questions raised by abstract objects. Key Features: Showcases the presentation and defense of two points of view on the existence of abstract objects, from two of the world’s leading philosophers Presents definitions in an easily accessible form Provides frequent summaries of previously covered material Includes a glossary of all specialized vocabulary

Ontological Relativity and Other Essays

Willard Van Orman Quine
Ontological Relativity and Other Essays Book PDF

Author : Willard Van Orman Quine
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0231083572

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Ontological Relativity and Other Essays by Willard Van Orman Quine Pdf

Intended to clarify the meaning of the philosophical doctrines propounded by W. V. Quine in Word and Objects, the essays included herein are intimately related and concern themselves with three philosophical preoccupations: the nature of meaning, the meaning of existence and the nature of natural knowledge.

Sustaining Affirmation

Stephen K. White
Sustaining Affirmation Book PDF

Author : Stephen K. White
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2000-09-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0691050333

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Sustaining Affirmation by Stephen K. White Pdf

In light of many recent critiques of Western modernity and its conceptual foundations, the problem of adequately justifying our most basic moral and political values looms large. Without recourse to traditional ontological or metaphysical foundations, how can one affirm--or sustain--a commitment to fundamentals? The answer, according to Stephen White, lies in a turn to "weak" ontology, an approach that allows for ultimate commitments but at the same time acknowledges their historical, contestable character. This turn, White suggests, is already underway. His book traces its emergence in a variety of quarters in political thought today and offers a clear and compelling account of what this might mean for our late modern self-understanding. As he elaborates the idea of weak ontology and the broad criteria behind it, White shows how these are already at work in the thought of contemporary writers of seemingly very different perspectives: George Kateb, Judith Butler, Charles Taylor, and William Connolly. Among these thinkers, often thought to be at odds, he exposes the commonalities that emerge around the idea of weak ontology. In its identification of a critical turn in political theory, and its nuanced explanation of that turn, his book both demonstrates and underscores the strengths of weak ontology.

Formal Ontology in Information Systems

Nicola Guarino
Formal Ontology in Information Systems Book PDF

Author : Nicola Guarino
Publisher : IOS Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9051993994

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Formal Ontology in Information Systems by Nicola Guarino Pdf

Research on ontology is becoming increasingly widespread in the computer science community. While this term has been rather confined to the philosophical sphere in the past, it is now gaining a specific role in areas such as Artificial Intelligence, Computational Linguistics, and Databases. Its importance has been recognized in fields as diverse as knowledge engineering, knowledge representation, qualitative modeling, language engineering, database design, information integration, object-oriented analysis, information retrieval and extraction, knowledge management and organization, agent-based systems design. Current applications areas are disparate, including enterprise integration, natural language translation, medicine, mechanical engineering, electronic commerce, geographic information systems, legal information systems, and biological information systems. Various workshops addressing the engineering aspects of ontology have been held in the recent years. However, ontology by 'its very nature' ought to be a unifying discipline. Insights in this field have potential impact on the whole area of information systems (taking this term in its broadest sense), as testified by the interest recently shown by international standards organizations. In order to provide a solid general foundation for this work, it is therefore important to focus on the common scientific principles and open problems arising from current tools, methodologies, and applications of ontology.

Quine

Peter Hylton
Quine Book PDF

Author : Peter Hylton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2007-08-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134922710

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Quine by Peter Hylton Pdf

Quine was one of the foremost philosophers of the Twentieth century. In this outstanding overview of Quine's philosophy, Peter Hylton shows why Quine is so important and how his philosophical naturalism has been so influential within analytic philosophy. Beginning with an overview of Quine's philosophical background in logic and mathematics and the role of Rudolf Carnap's influence on Quine's thought, he goes on to discuss Quine's famous analytic-synthetic distinction and his arguments concerning the nature of the a priori. He also discusses Quine's philosophy of language and epistemology, his celebrated theory of the indeterminacy of translation and his broader views of ontology and modality. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in Quine, twentieth century philosophy and the philosophy of language.