Impact Evaluation Study For Egypt S Takaful And Karama Cash Transfer Program Part 1 Quantitative Report

Author : Breisinger, Clemens,Gilligan, Daniel,Karachiwalla, Naureen,Kurdi, Sikandra,El-Enbaby, Hoda,Jilani, Amir,Thai, Giang
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2018-10-19
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Impact evaluation study for Egypt's Takaful and Karama cash transfer program: Part 1: Quantitative report by Breisinger, Clemens,Gilligan, Daniel,Karachiwalla, Naureen,Kurdi, Sikandra,El-Enbaby, Hoda,Jilani, Amir,Thai, Giang Pdf

This report of the evaluation study provides a greater focus on measuring the impact of the larger Takaful program and also attempts to measure the impact of the much smaller Karama program. In addition, IFPRI will conduct a qualitative assessment of the Takaful and Karama program focused on learning about the experience with the program among the poorest beneficiary households. This qualitative assessment will also draw lessons from the quantitative survey to provide another report on the experience of very poor households. The remainder of this report is organized as follows Chapter 2 provides an overview of the Takaful and Karama Program. Chapter 3 summarizes the impact evaluation design. Chapter 4 describes the evaluation survey and sample. Chapter 5 provides context for the program by using the survey data to summarize the characteristics of beneficiary and non-beneficiary households and describe beneficiaries’ experience with program implementation. Chapter 6 presents the impact estimates for Takaful and Chapter 7 the estimates for Karama. Chapter 8 uses data from a separate representative sample of households collected during the survey to assess the targeting performance of the program. Chapter 9 concludes and discusses implications for social policy in Egypt.

Author : ElDidi, Hagar,El-Enbaby, Hoda,Kassim, Yumna,Kurdi, Sikandra,Petesch, Patti,Moataz, Yasmine,Goessinger, Karmin-Yassin
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Impact evaluation study for Egypt's Takaful and Karama cash transfer program: Part 2: Qualitative Report by ElDidi, Hagar,El-Enbaby, Hoda,Kassim, Yumna,Kurdi, Sikandra,Petesch, Patti,Moataz, Yasmine,Goessinger, Karmin-Yassin Pdf

This qualitative evaluation of the Takaful cash transfer program was conducted between January and April 2018 by a team of researchers trained in qualitative methods. The evaluation sought to further delve into and explain dimensions of the Takaful transfers’ impact on beneficiaries that were previously under-investigated in the quantitative survey. In so doing, the quantitative components’ findings were also further contextualized and clarified. This qualitative component’s main goals, therefore, were to explore the differences between the transfers’ impact on ultra-poor households and households near the threshold, the differences in how the two household types use the transfer, and the impact of the transfers on intrahousehold decision making with special focus on women.

Author : El-Enbaby, Hoda,Gilligan, Daniel,Karachiwalla, Naureen,Kassim, Yumna,Kurdi, Sikandra
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2019-12-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Cash transfers and women’s control over decision-making and labor supply in Egypt by El-Enbaby, Hoda,Gilligan, Daniel,Karachiwalla, Naureen,Kassim, Yumna,Kurdi, Sikandra Pdf

Women’s control over decision-making within their family, particularly regarding the use of household income, can play an important and long-lasting role in shaping their well-being and that of their children. Cash transfer programs often target women in order to increase their control over household resources. Empirical evidence on the effectiveness of this approach is mixed and suggests the importance of local context. We present evidence on the effect of cash transfers on women’s control over decision-making in the MENA region, where little evidence is available and where cultural norms around women’s roles differ from more-studied regions. Using a regression discontinuity approach, we identify the impact of Egypt’s “Takaful” national cash transfer program on women’s control over decision-making and labor supply. Receiving cash transfers mostly reduced women’s reported ability to influence household decisions, particularly regarding child healthcare. The loss of control over decision-making was greater for women with less than primary education. Other effects of the program include a decline in women’s employment and an increase in men’s involvement in spheres of decision-making usually controlled by women. These results are robust to changes in model specification. We present suggestive evidence from mediation analysis that the negative effects on women’s control over decision-making was directly related to these declines in employment and increase in men’s involvement in female spheres. The negative findings are not wholly supported by complementary qualitative work in which women reported more positive perceptions of the program’s impacts.

Author : Breisinger, Clemens,Gillian, Daniel,ElDidi, Hagar,El Enbaby, Hoda,Karachiwalla, Naureen,Kassim, Yumna,Kurdi, Sikandra,Jilani, Amir,Thai, Giang,Goessinger, Karim-Yassin,Moataz, Yasmine,Petesch, Patti
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 18 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Impact evaluation study for Egypt's Takaful and Karama cash transfer program: Synthesis report- Summary of key findings form the quantitative and qualitative impact evaluation studies by Breisinger, Clemens,Gillian, Daniel,ElDidi, Hagar,El Enbaby, Hoda,Karachiwalla, Naureen,Kassim, Yumna,Kurdi, Sikandra,Jilani, Amir,Thai, Giang,Goessinger, Karim-Yassin,Moataz, Yasmine,Petesch, Patti Pdf

Since March 2015, the Government of Egypt has been providing cash to poor households through the Takaful and Karama program. The program is run by the Ministry of Social Solidarity (MoSS). Takaful supports poor families with children under 18 years of age, while Karama supports the poor elderly and disabled. For Takaful, the amount of cash that households receive depends on the number of children and their school level, while the Karama transfer is a set rate per individual. In 2018, Takaful will also begin requiring households in the program to make sure their children attend school and participate in health screenings. The program was evaluated by IFPRI, an international research organization, using both quantitative statistical methods (simple questions asked to many households during a survey) and qualitative methods (more in-depth questions asked to fewer households in longer interviews). The main goal of this evaluation was to measure and explain how the transfers affected the welfare of households in the program. In addition, the evaluation describes how well the program selection criteria work for identifying poor households.

Author : Agnes Quisumbing,Ruth Suseela Meinzen-Dick,Jemimah Njuki
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2019-10-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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2019 Annual trends and outlook report: Gender equality in rural Africa: From commitments to outcomes by Agnes Quisumbing,Ruth Suseela Meinzen-Dick,Jemimah Njuki Pdf

Gender-sensitive policy and programming have an integral role to play in fostering inclusive agricultural growth to meet the commitments of African countries to the Malabo Declaration goals. The 2019 Annual Trends and Outlook Report from ReSAKSS applies a gender lens to key issues that must be addressed to fully achieve these goals. Chapters examine the intersections between gender and (1) the context and institutions within which rural people operate; (2) the natural resources that men and women depend on for agriculture, sources of vulnerability, and resilience to shocks; (3) assets and income; and (4) livelihood strategies and well-being. The report serves as the official M&E report for the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP), tracking progress on over 30 CAADP indicators.

Author : Raza, A and Soares, F.
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2020-12-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789251337615

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Leveraging food systems to reduce poverty and malnutrition by Raza, A and Soares, F. Pdf

Even though substantial progress has been achieved worldwide in reducing both poverty and malnutrition, much is yet to be done. There are signs that the progress made in both dimensions has stalled in recent years. Poor-quality diets have become a major driver for overweight and obesity and associated non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, heart diseases, and some types of cancers. Conflict and climate vulnerability have been identified as major obstacles to reaching Sustainable Development Goal targets related to malnutrition by 2030. In 2019, economic downturns and slowdowns hindered efforts even further. More recently, the COVID-19 crisis has imposed even harsher conditions to countries.Poverty and malnutrition are inevitably linked, and therefore addressing one can help address the other. Given that most of the world’s extremely poor people and stunted children live primarily in rural areas and rely mostly on agriculture, the agriculture and food systems approach can offer an opportunity to reduce both poverty and malnutrition. The food systems approach places equal emphasis on both the supply and demand dimensions that are critical for ensuring healthier diets and better nutrition for poor and vulnerable groups.This special issue of Policy in Focus is dedicated to answering a crucial question: How can a food systems approach be used to design and implement policies and investments that reach those most vulnerable to poverty, hunger, malnutrition, and suboptimal diets? We hope that the contributions contained in this volume, by leading academics and development practitioners, exploring the linkages between nutrition, food systems, and poverty, can help stakeholders and policymakers make inroads towards the promotion of food and nutrition security and the reduction of rural poverty.

Author : El Shabrawy, Atef,Gilligan, Daniel O.,Kurdi, Sikandra,Palloni, Giordano,Yassa, Basma
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 12 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2022-04-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Forsa pilot program and evaluation plan by El Shabrawy, Atef,Gilligan, Daniel O.,Kurdi, Sikandra,Palloni, Giordano,Yassa, Basma Pdf

Forsa, which means “Opportunity” in Arabic, is a new economic inclusion program of the government of the Arab Republic of Egypt. Implemented by the Ministry of Social Solidarity, the program aims to graduate beneficiaries of the national cash transfer program, the Takaful & Karama Program (TKP), from being dependent on transfers from TKP to economic self-reliance by enabling them to engage in wage employment or sustainable economic enterprises. The most recent World Bank Economic Inclusion report (Andrews et al. 2021) highlights a recent increase globally in such graduation or economic inclusion programs, which now reach around 92 million beneficiaries from 20 million households across more than 75 countries. This rapid growth is raising demand for evidence on best practices in graduation program implementation. Egypt’s experience with Forsa can contribute to such guidance.

Author : Christopher H. Herbst,Amr Elshalakani,Jakub Kakietek,Alia Hafiz
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781464814679

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Scaling Up Nutrition in the Arab Republic of Egypt by Christopher H. Herbst,Amr Elshalakani,Jakub Kakietek,Alia Hafiz Pdf

Malnutrition is a huge burden on the Arab Republic of Egypt’s economy. Undernutrition—manifested by poor linear growth (stunting), wasting, and micronutrient deficiencies in children and by anemia among women of reproductive age—collectively saps an estimated two percent of Egypt’s annual gross domestic product through forgone productivity and health care costs, representing an economic hemorrhaging of billions of U.S. dollars per year. Adding to this challenge is the co-occurrence of overweight and obesity among children, leading to a malnutrition double burden. Scaling Up Nutrition in the Arab Republic of Egypt aims to inform the development of nutrition policy and guide nutrition investments over the coming years. It reviews Egypt’s nutrition situation, the interventions currently in place, and the opportunities, costs, benefits, and fiscal space implications of scaling up a set of high-impact interventions to address undernutrition. The book, a collaborative effort between the World Bank and UNICEF, is targeted at all those involved in developing and implementing nutrition interventions in Egypt and beyond.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,World Food Programme ,International Fund for Agriculture Development,World Health Organization ,United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2020-05-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789251324356

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Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition in the Near East and North Africa 2019 by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,World Food Programme ,International Fund for Agriculture Development,World Health Organization ,United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund Pdf

The past few decades have seen dramatic improvements in the region in access to food, reduction in stunting rates, in premature death and disability caused by communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases. However, the gains in the fight against hunger and malnutrition have reversed in the wake of conflicts and violence that have spread in many parts of the region in the last decade. Today, nearly 55 million people in the Arab States, 13.2 percent of the population, are hungry and the situation is particularly worrying in countries affected by conflicts and violence: Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Syria, Sudan, and Yemen. Displacements and forced migration are widespread in the region, especially among the growing youth population segment. Many countries carry a double burden of malnutrition, including overweight and obesity and undernutrition. A high or very high prevalence of stunting in children under the age of five persists in nearly half of the Arab States, while anaemia is a severe public health issue in certain countries. The trends of overweight and obesity continue to worsen for children and adults. Beyond these numbers, the report explores food systems in the Arab States and the policies that support them. It also explores how the latter have contributed to poor nutritional outcomes by failing to make safe and diversified healthy diets available to all. While there has been significant progress in policies designed to reduce caloric deficiencies in the population, the policy reaction to address existing malnutrition problems, particularly in relation to overweight and obesity,

Author : Caroline Krafft,Ragui Assaad
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780192847911

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The Egyptian Labor Market by Caroline Krafft,Ragui Assaad Pdf

The Egyptian economy has faced many challenges in the decade since the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings. Not only was job creation anaemic from 2012 to 2018, but new jobs were also of low-quality, characterized by informality and vulnerability to economic shocks. These challenges pushed many in Egypt, especially the most vulnerable, into a more precarious labor market situation. Then, in the midst of economic recovery brought on by tough reform measures adopted in 2016 and 2017, the country was hit by the widespread disruption of a global pandemic. This book examines the plight of Egypt's most vulnerable groups by focusing on the intersection of gender and economic vulnerability in the labor market. With this emphasis on vulnerability and a lens that is sensitive to gender differences and inequities, the contributors to this volume use data from the most recent wave of a unique longitudinal survey to illuminate different aspects of Egyptians' lives. The aspects they explore include labor supply behavior, the ability to access good quality and well-paying jobs, the evolution of wages and wage inequality, the school-to-work transition of youth, the decline in public sector employment, international and internal migration, the situation of rural women, access to social protection, food security, vulnerability to shocks and coping mechanisms, health status, and access to health care services. These analyses are prescient in understanding the axes of vulnerability in Egyptian society that became all too salient during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author : Clemens Breisinger
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1373351112

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Egypt's Takaful and Karama Cash Transfer Program: Evaluation of Program Impacts and Recommendations by Clemens Breisinger Pdf

Author : Wouterse, Fleur Stephanie,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780896295988

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Boosting growth to end hunger by 2025: The role of social protection by Wouterse, Fleur Stephanie,Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum Pdf

Social protection programs—public or private initiatives that aid the poor and protect the vulnerable against livelihood risks—can effectively be used to assist those trapped, or at the risk of being trapped, in chronic poverty. These programs aim to address chronic poverty through redistribution and protect vulnerable households from falling below the poverty line. Although investments in social protection programs are often motivated by equity concerns, they can also contribute to economic growth by, for example, encouraging savings, creating community assets, and addressing market imperfections. Despite their potential and proliferation, not enough is known about social protection programs in Africa. The 2017–2018 Annual Trends and Outlook Report (ATOR) reduces this knowledge gap by focusing on the potential of such programs on the continent and the corresponding opportunities and challenges. The chapters of the Report highlight the benefits of these programs, not only to their direct recipients but also others in the community through spillover effects. They also underscore the importance of appropriate design and sustainability to fully realize the potential of social protection programs.

Author : Breisinger, Clemens,ElDidi, Hagar,El-Enbaby, Hoda,Gilligan, Daniel,Karachiwalla, Naureen,Kassim, Yumna,Kurdi, Sikandra,Jilani, Amir Hamza,Thai, Giang
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 4 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-19
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Egypt’s Takaful and Karama cash transfer program: Evaluation of program impacts and recommendations [in Arabic] by Breisinger, Clemens,ElDidi, Hagar,El-Enbaby, Hoda,Gilligan, Daniel,Karachiwalla, Naureen,Kassim, Yumna,Kurdi, Sikandra,Jilani, Amir Hamza,Thai, Giang Pdf

بدءًا من شهر مارس ۲۰۱٥، حرصت الحكومة المصرية على توفير دعم نقدي للأسر المصرية الواقعة تحت خط الفقر الأدني كوسيلة للحماية الاجتماعية لصالح الأسر من خلال أول برنامج مشروط للدعم النقدى وهو برنامج "تكافل وكرامة" الذي تديره وزارة التضامن الاجتماعي. ويدعم برنامج "تكافل" العائلات الأكثر فقراً من التي تعول أطفال دون سن الثامنة عشر، ويدعم برنامج "كرامة" الفئات الأكثر فقراً من المسنين وذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة والأيتام. وبلغ عدد مستفيدي البرنامج حتي تاريخه حوالى 2.25 مليون اسرة من جميع محافظات الجمهورية، ويجمع المبلغ النقدي لأسر تكافل بين قيمة ثابتة للدعم للأسرة ككل بالإضافة لقيمة متغيرة علي حسب عدد الأطفال (بحد أقصي ثلاثة أطفال للأسرة الواحدة) ومراحلهم الدراسية ولاحقا إنتظامهم في الحضور، بينما يمثل الدعم المقدم لمستفيدي "كرامة" قيمة ثابتة شهريا لكل فرد (بحد أقصي ثلاثة أفراد للأسرة الواحدة). ومن اجل الوصول الى الاسر الاشد فقراً والأكثر إحتياجاً، فقد تم استخدام منهجية القياس "إختبار التقييم غير المباشر للموارد المتعددة لدي الأسر" لإختيار الأسر المؤهلة للإنضمام للبرنامج، ففي برنامج "تكافل"، وجد أن 89% من المستفيدين من النساء، في حين أن 11% فقط من المستفيدين من الرجال. وبدأ برنامج "تكافل" في عام ٢٠١٨ في تطبيق الشروط الواجبة لاستمرار الأسر المستفيدة من البرنامج في تلقي الدعم النقدي، والمتمثلة في إنتظام الأطفال في الحضور الدراسي بنسبة لا تقل عن 80% وإنتظام الأم في إجراء زيارات الرعاية الصحية الأولية ومتابعة النمو وبرامج رعاية ما قبل وبعد الولادة للنساء الحوامل. وفي إطار تنفيذ دراسة تقييم الأثر التي تم تكليف المعهد الدولي لبحوث السياسات الغذائية بها لتقييم أثر برنامج " تكافل وكرامة"، تم تنفيذ (1) تقييم كَمّي عن طريق إجراء مسح يتضمن أسئلة إحصائية مبسطة موجهة لعدد كبير من الأسر، و(٢) تقييم نوعي يتضمنأسئلة أكثر عمقًا موجهة لعدد أقل من الاسر (أنظر المربع ۱). وقد تم تصميم التقييم لقياس مدى إفادة وتأثير الدعم النقدي على معيشة تلك الأسر، واختبار ما إذا كانت معايير اختيار وقبول الأسر فعالة في تحديد الأسر الأكثر فقراً. ويعرض هذا التقرير في الصفحات التالية ملخص النتائج والتوصيات الأساسية لهذا للدراسة التي قامت علي أسر برنامج "تكافل".

Author : Peterman, Amber,Kumar, Neha,Pereira, Audrey,Gilligan, Daniel O.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 67 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2020-01-08
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Towards gender equality: A review of evidence on social safety nets in Africa by Peterman, Amber,Kumar, Neha,Pereira, Audrey,Gilligan, Daniel O. Pdf

Over the last decade, social safety nets (SSNs) have rapidly expanded in Africa, becoming a core strategy for addressing poverty, responding to shocks, increasing productivity and investing in human capital. Poverty, vulnerability and well-being have inherent gender dimensions, yet only recently has gender equality been considered as a potential program objective. This study reviews the evidence on the impact of SSNs on women’s wellbeing in Africa, while contributing to an understanding of how SSNs affect gender equality. We first motivate and take stock of how gender shapes the design and effectiveness of SSNs in Africa. We then summarize evidence from rigorous impact evaluations of SSNs on women’s wellbeing across five key domains from 38 studies on 28 SSN programs across 17 countries. We find substantial evidence that, in many instances, SSNs decrease intimate partner violence and increase psychological wellbeing for women, as well as moderate evidence that SSNs increase dietary diversity and economic standing. We find minimal evidence that SSNs improve women’s food security and nutrition; however, few studies measure these outcomes for women. Finally, a substantial body of evidence reports on the impact of SSNs on women’s empowerment and intra-household bargaining power, however, with weak and mixed results. Our findings are generally promising, since most SSNs are not designed specifically to increase women’s wellbeing. However, the results show that household-level impacts do not automatically imply individual women benefit, and further that conclusions from global evidence reviews do not necessarily apply in Africa. There is little research that rigorously identifies the design features and impact pathways from SSNs to gender equality and women’s wellbeing, suggesting a priority for future research.

Author : Breisinger, Clemens,ElDidi, Hagar,El-Enbaby, Hoda,Gilligan, Daniel,Karachiwalla, Naureen,Kassim, Yumna,Kurdi, Sikandra,Jilani, Amir Hamza,Thai, Giang
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 4 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2018-10-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780896295964

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Egypt’s Takaful and Karama cash transfer program: Evaluation of program impacts and recommendations by Breisinger, Clemens,ElDidi, Hagar,El-Enbaby, Hoda,Gilligan, Daniel,Karachiwalla, Naureen,Kassim, Yumna,Kurdi, Sikandra,Jilani, Amir Hamza,Thai, Giang Pdf

Egypt has been providing cash to poor households through its first conditional cash transfer program, Takaful and Karama, a social protection program run by the Ministry of Social Solidarity (MoSS), since March 2015. Takaful (“Solidarity”) supports poor families with children under 18, while Karama (“Dignity”) supports the elderly poor and people living with disabilities. The cash transfer program has enrolled 2.25 million families across all of Egypt’s governorates. The amount of the Takaful cash transfer provided to households depends on the number of children and their school level. The Karama program provides a set amount per individual. In order to reach the poorest households, participants are selected using a proxy means test. In the Takaful program, 89 percent of recipients are women, while only 11 percent are men. Beginning in 2018, Takaful will also begin implementing conditionalities, requiring households in the program to ensure their children attend school and participate in health screenings, added to antenatal care for pregnant women and post-natal care. The Takaful and Karama program was evaluated by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) using both quantitative statistical methods (simple questions asked to many households during a survey) and qualitative methods (more in-depth questions asked to fewer households in longer interviews). The evaluation was designed to measure and explain the impacts of the cash transfers on household welfare, and to examine whether the program’s criteria for household selection were effective in identifying poor households. This brief, which focuses on the Takaful component of the program, summarizes the main findings from the evaluation and key recommendations.