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Author : Ming Yang,Jinhui Wu,Lin Kang,Andrea P. Rossi
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2022-11-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832504611
Author : U. S. Department of Health and Human Services,Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Publisher : Createspace Independent Pub
Page : 514 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1484117735
Geriatric syndromes can lead to age-related decline in well-being among elderly adults. The signs and symptoms encompassed by geriatric syndromes span multiple physiological systems related to functional dependency. A number of syndromes identified by longitudinal studies are associated with reduced function and quality of life and increased risk of institutionalization and mortality. However, variations in syndrome definitions make systematic discussion of their effects difficult. Routine clinical practice includes assessment of age-related chronic diseases based on accepted diagnostic criteria. In contrast, comprehensive geriatric assessment goes beyond examination for chronic diseases and focuses on functional independence in daily activities and optimal interventions to improve functional status and quality of life. Indeed, comprehensive geriatric assessment emphasizes functional status as a major quality of life factor for older adults. Quality of life improvements for older adults require addressing geriatric syndromes in addition to managing chronic disease. A geriatric syndrome's definition, along with its combination with any chronic disease, affects the syndrome's association with patient-centered outcomes, including quality of life, institutionalization, and mortality. Certain factors are long known to affect patient-centered outcomes. For example, the persistently strong association between self-assessed health status and patient-centered outcomes remains a marvel. Similarly, dependency, defined as deficiencies in activities of daily living (ADLs), also associates strongly with patient-centered outcomes. Systematic reviews have yet to examine other syndromes, such as cognitive impairment, frailty, poor nutrition status, or chronic inflammation for prevalence or association with institutionalization and mortality. This review examines what is known about common geriatric syndromes and their effect on the clinical course of older patients. Our analysis examines the extent to which varying definitions of each syndrome can affect determination of its prevalence and its association with patient-centered outcomes. In general, we anticipate a reciprocal relationship; the more inclusive the definition, the higher the prevalence. More encompassing definitions or those with lower thresholds will inevitably raise prevalence estimates and be less precise in their predictive power than more stringent definitions with higher cut scores. For example, Manton applied ADL- and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL)-related measures for disability to describe a pattern of decline in prevalence over two decades. This review synthesizes the evidence for the following research questions. Key Question 1. What is the definition and prevalence of common syndromes/conditions in older adults? Key Question 2. What is the prevalence of common syndromes/conditions in older adults in sex, age, race, ethnicity, and other subgroups? Key Question 3. What is the association between these common syndromes/conditions and mortality, institutionalization, hospitalization, and activities of daily living? Key Question 4. What statistical and decisionmaking models report mortality based on these common geriatric syndromes/conditions?
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Health and Medical Dimensions of Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020-05-14
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309671033
Social isolation and loneliness are serious yet underappreciated public health risks that affect a significant portion of the older adult population. Approximately one-quarter of community-dwelling Americans aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated, and a significant proportion of adults in the United States report feeling lonely. People who are 50 years of age or older are more likely to experience many of the risk factors that can cause or exacerbate social isolation or loneliness, such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and sensory impairments. Over a life course, social isolation and loneliness may be episodic or chronic, depending upon an individual's circumstances and perceptions. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that social isolation presents a major risk for premature mortality, comparable to other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity. As older adults are particularly high-volume and high-frequency users of the health care system, there is an opportunity for health care professionals to identify, prevent, and mitigate the adverse health impacts of social isolation and loneliness in older adults. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults summarizes the evidence base and explores how social isolation and loneliness affect health and quality of life in adults aged 50 and older, particularly among low income, underserved, and vulnerable populations. This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults considers clinical tools and methodologies, better education and training for the health care workforce, and dissemination and implementation that will be important for translating research into practice, especially as the evidence base for effective interventions continues to flourish.
Author : Jean-Pierre Michel,B. Lynn Beattie,Finbarr C. Martin,Jeremy D. Walston
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 1393 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780198701590
Over the past two decades there has been a marked change in global age demographics, with the number of over-60s increasing by 82% and the number of centenarians by 715%. This new-found longevity is testament to the success of recent advances in medicine, but poses significant challenges to multiple areas of health care concerning older patients. Building upon its predecessor's reputation as the definitive resource on the subject, this new edition of the Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine offers a comprehensive and multinational examination of the field. Fully revised to reflect the current state of geriatric medicine, it examines the medical and scientific basis of clinical issues, as well as the ethical, legal, and socio-economic concerns for healthcare policy and systems. Over 170 chapters are broken up into 16 key sections, covering topics ranging from policy and key concepts through to infection, cancer, palliative medicine, and healthy ageing. New material includes focus on the evolving concepts of malnutrition, sarcopenia, frailty, and related geriatric syndromes and integration of geriatric principles from public health, primary and specialized care, and transitional stages from home to emergency, medicine and surgery, rehabilitation, and long term care. The Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine brings together specialists from across the globe to provide every physician involved in the care of older patients with a comprehensive resource on all the clinical problems they are likely to encounter, as well as on related psychological, philosophical, and social issues.
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Future Health Care Workforce for Older Americans
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2008-09-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309115872
As the first of the nation's 78 million baby boomers begin reaching age 65 in 2011, they will face a health care workforce that is too small and woefully unprepared to meet their specific health needs. Retooling for an Aging America calls for bold initiatives starting immediately to train all health care providers in the basics of geriatric care and to prepare family members and other informal caregivers, who currently receive little or no training in how to tend to their aging loved ones. The book also recommends that Medicare, Medicaid, and other health plans pay higher rates to boost recruitment and retention of geriatric specialists and care aides. Educators and health professional groups can use Retooling for an Aging America to institute or increase formal education and training in geriatrics. Consumer groups can use the book to advocate for improving the care for older adults. Health care professional and occupational groups can use it to improve the quality of health care jobs.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Family Caregiving for Older Adults
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016-11-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309448093
Family caregiving affects millions of Americans every day, in all walks of life. At least 17.7 million individuals in the United States are caregivers of an older adult with a health or functional limitation. The nation's family caregivers provide the lion's share of long-term care for our older adult population. They are also central to older adults' access to and receipt of health care and community-based social services. Yet the need to recognize and support caregivers is among the least appreciated challenges facing the aging U.S. population. Families Caring for an Aging America examines the prevalence and nature of family caregiving of older adults and the available evidence on the effectiveness of programs, supports, and other interventions designed to support family caregivers. This report also assesses and recommends policies to address the needs of family caregivers and to minimize the barriers that they encounter in trying to meet the needs of older adults.
Author : Christian Nickel,Abdelouahab Bellou,Simon Conroy
Publisher : Springer
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-12-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319193182
This book discusses all important aspects of emergency medicine in older people, identifying the particular care needs of this population, which all too often remain unmet. The up-to-date and in-depth coverage will assist emergency physicians in identifying patients at risk for adverse outcomes, in conducting appropriate assessment,and in providing timely and adequate care. Particular attention is paid to the commonpitfalls in emergency management andmeans of avoiding them. Between 1980 and 2013, the number of older patients in emergency departmentsworldwide doubled. Compared with younger patients, older people suffer from more comorbidities, a higher mortality rate, require more complex assessment and diagnostic testing, and tend to stay longer in the emergency department. This book, written by internationally recognized experts in emergency medicine and geriatrics, not only presents the state of the art in the care of this population but also underlines the increasing need for adequate training and development in the field.
Author : Abimbola Farinde, PhD, PharmD,Megan Hebdon, PhD, DNP, RN, NP-C
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2019-12-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780826127723
Underscores the complexity of prescribing drugs for older adults while providing state-of-the-art guidelines for safe patient care An evidence-based, quick-access reference for adult gerontology nurse practitioners and related healthcare providers, this text describes a holistic, patient-centered approach to prescribing drugs to older adults. Comprehensive yet concise writing distills timely guidance on the complexities of safely prescribing to this unique population. This book opens with physiologic changes and assessment considerations for older adults, followed by a discussion of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, then a final section on guidelines for drug selection, drug interactions, and multimorbidities. Each chapter presents information in a consistent, easy-to-read template. Patient Care Pearls alert readers to crucial information and relevant case studies with examples of inappropriate medical prescribing provide context for drug delivery. Key points and chapter summaries help reinforce information. Additional features include the provision of guidelines for psychotropic medications in LTC facilities, special considerations for frail older adults, and the role of pharmacists as a resource for other practitioners. Key Features: Decision-making guidance on prescribing practices in varied settings Discusses in depth physiological considerations including multimorbidity and polypharmacy Presents Beer’s Criteria and its implications Guidelines for psychotropic medications in LTC facilities Special considerations for frail older adults Patient Care Pearls, case studies, key points, and chapter summaries
Author : Felipe Sierra,Ronald Kohanski
Publisher : Springer
Page : 622 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2015-11-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319232461
This book provides the first comprehensive overview of a new scientific discipline termed Geroscience. Geroscience examines the molecular and cellular mechanisms that might explain why aging is the main risk factor for most chronic diseases affecting the elderly population. Over the past few decades, researchers have made impressive progress in understanding the genetics, biology and physiology of aging. This book presents vital research that can help readers to better understand how aging is a critical malleable risk factor in most chronic diseases, which, in turn, could lead to interventions that can help increase a healthy lifespan, or ‘healthspan.’ The book begins with an analysis of the Geroscience hypothesis, as well as the epidemiological underpinnings that define aging as a candidate main risk factor for most chronic diseases. Next, each chapter focuses on one particular disease, or group of diseases, with an emphasis on how basic molecular and cellular biology might explain why aging is a major risk factor for it. Coverage in the book includes: cancer, cardiovascular disease, dementias, stroke, Parkinson's and Alzheimer’s diseases, osteoporosis, arthritis, diabetes asthma, emphysema, kidney disease, vision impairment, and AIDS/HIV. It finishes with a chapter on pain in the elderly and an overview of future steps needed to bring the newly acquired knowledge into the clinic and the public at large.
Author : Ronda Hughes
Publisher : Department of Health and Human Services
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Medical
ISBN : IOWA:31858055672798
"Nurses play a vital role in improving the safety and quality of patient car -- not only in the hospital or ambulatory treatment facility, but also of community-based care and the care performed by family members. Nurses need know what proven techniques and interventions they can use to enhance patient outcomes. To address this need, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), with additional funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, has prepared this comprehensive, 1,400-page, handbook for nurses on patient safety and quality -- Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. (AHRQ Publication No. 08-0043)." - online AHRQ blurb, http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/
Author : Joseph H. Kahn,Brendan G. Magauran (Jr.),Jonathan S. Olshaker
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2014-01-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781107677647
This comprehensive volume provides a practical framework for evaluation, management and disposition of this growing vulnerable patient population.
Author : Karen Hertz,Julie Santy-Tomlinson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2018-06-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319766812
This open access book aims to provide a comprehensive but practical overview of the knowledge required for the assessment and management of the older adult with or at risk of fragility fracture. It considers this from the perspectives of all of the settings in which this group of patients receive nursing care. Globally, a fragility fracture is estimated to occur every 3 seconds. This amounts to 25 000 fractures per day or 9 million per year. The financial costs are reported to be: 32 billion EUR per year in Europe and 20 billon USD in the United States. As the population of China ages, the cost of hip fracture care there is likely to reach 1.25 billion USD by 2020 and 265 billion by 2050 (International Osteoporosis Foundation 2016). Consequently, the need for nursing for patients with fragility fracture across the world is immense. Fragility fracture is one of the foremost challenges for health care providers, and the impact of each one of those expected 9 million hip fractures is significant pain, disability, reduced quality of life, loss of independence and decreased life expectancy. There is a need for coordinated, multi-disciplinary models of care for secondary fracture prevention based on the increasing evidence that such models make a difference. There is also a need to promote and facilitate high quality, evidence-based effective care to those who suffer a fragility fracture with a focus on the best outcomes for recovery, rehabilitation and secondary prevention of further fracture. The care community has to understand better the experience of fragility fracture from the perspective of the patient so that direct improvements in care can be based on the perspectives of the users. This book supports these needs by providing a comprehensive approach to nursing practice in fragility fracture care.
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 425 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2006-10-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309101110
Clinical practice related to sleep problems and sleep disorders has been expanding rapidly in the last few years, but scientific research is not keeping pace. Sleep apnea, insomnia, and restless legs syndrome are three examples of very common disorders for which we have little biological information. This new book cuts across a variety of medical disciplines such as neurology, pulmonology, pediatrics, internal medicine, psychiatry, psychology, otolaryngology, and nursing, as well as other medical practices with an interest in the management of sleep pathology. This area of research is not limited to very young and old patientsâ€"sleep disorders reach across all ages and ethnicities. Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation presents a structured analysis that explores the following: Improving awareness among the general public and health care professionals. Increasing investment in interdisciplinary somnology and sleep medicine research training and mentoring activities. Validating and developing new and existing technologies for diagnosis and treatment. This book will be of interest to those looking to learn more about the enormous public health burden of sleep disorders and sleep deprivation and the strikingly limited capacity of the health care enterprise to identify and treat the majority of individuals suffering from sleep problems.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Age distribution (Demography)
ISBN : WISC:89119734713
Author : Joseph A. Norland,Statistics Canada
Publisher : Scarborough, Ont. : Prentice-Hall
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Aged
ISBN : UCLA:L0072198765
Who are Canada's senior citizens? This report provides comprehensive information on this growing segment of our population. The composition and changes in the group are presented by age, sex, marital status, education, employment, and income. Special attention is given to living arrangements, including those of people who are institutionalized or living alone. The final chapter looks to the future, identifying the health promotion movement and the kind of services our seniors will require.