In Vitro Methods In Toxicology

Author : Anna Bal-Price,Paul Jennings
Publisher : Humana
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2014-05-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1493905201

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In Vitro Toxicology Systems by Anna Bal-Price,Paul Jennings Pdf

In Vitro Toxicology Systems brings together important issues and considerations needed in order to develop a workable, reliable, integrated testing strategy for the replacement of animals in toxicity testing regimes. This thorough volume includes sections on in vitro models for systemic organ toxicity, neurotoxicity, sensory organs, immunotoxicity and reproductive toxicity and addresses how stem cells may be used going forward. The book also tackles difficult areas of toxicology such as carcinogenicity and nanotoxicology, with additional chapters dedicated to kinetics, metabolism, and in vitro in vivo extrapolation. The book also addresses biological processes such as stress response pathways and mechanistic biomarkers and how these can be uncovered and measured using high content approaches. Reliable and authoritative, In Vitro Toxicology Systems will be of benefit not only to students, scientists and regulators working in the field of chemical safety assessment but also to a wider scientific audience.

Author : C. K. Atterwill,C. E. Steele
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1987-10-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0521326842

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In Vitro Methods in Toxicology by C. K. Atterwill,C. E. Steele Pdf

The volume brings together the once disparate knowledge of cultural techniques and thus provides an important reference work for industrial and academic toxicologists.

Author : G. Stacey,Alan Doyle,Margherita Ferro
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789401709965

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Cell Culture Methods for In Vitro Toxicology by G. Stacey,Alan Doyle,Margherita Ferro Pdf

Cell Culture Methods for in vitro Toxicology introduces the reader to a range of techniques involved in the use of in vitro cell culture in toxicological studies. It deals with major cell types studied in the field of toxicology and will be useful for anyone wishing to start work with animal cell cultures or to refresh their knowledge relating to in vitro cell models. Fundamental chapters deal with the general biology of cytotoxicity and cell immortalisation these are key issues for in vitro systems addressing the `3Rs' principle. Up-to-date overviews deal with the use of cells from liver, brain and intestine. In addition, biochemical analysis of cell responses, biotransformation pathways in cells and recombinant approaches to the early detection of cell stress are also covered in detail. Prominent features of in vitro technologies also include regulation, biosafety and standardisation. Dedicated chapters deal with these issues in a practical way in order to lead the reader to the right source of information. This book provides an up-to-date, informative and practical review of cell culture methods for in vitro toxicology. It will be of equal benefit to students and experienced toxicologists with little experience of in vitro cell culture.

Author : Sheila O’Hare,C. K. Atterwill
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1995-05-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015037494393

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In Vitro Toxicity Testing Protocols by Sheila O’Hare,C. K. Atterwill Pdf

In Vitro Toxicity Testing Protocols is a collection of proven, state-of-the-art methods that toxicologists can use in carrying out laboratory studies. The book's expert contributors offer a variety of efficient in vitro toxicology techniques that can be applied regularly in your lab, or can serve as the fundamental basis for the establishment of novel techniques in working laboratories. All the procedures are highly reliable. Also included are ex vivo techniques, whose development embraces the twin aims of reduction and refinement of the use of laboratory animals; the editors believe this is an important step toward the ethical treatment of laboratory animals. In keeping with the successful format of preceding volumes of the Methods in Molecular Biology series, concise, easy-to-follow, step-by-step protocols are provided for each technique, together with extensive notes that cover troubleshooting and offer special tips to ensure the successful completion of your experiments.

Author : Shayne C. Gad
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2000-11-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781560327691

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In Vitro Toxicology, Second Edition by Shayne C. Gad Pdf

Toxicology has made tremendous strides in the sophistication of the models used to identify and understand the mechanisms of agents that can harm or kill humand and other higher organisms. Non-animals or in vitro models started to gain significant use in the 1960s. As a result of the increased concern over animal welfare, economic factors, and the need for greater sensitivity and understanding of mechanisms, interest in in vitro^n models has risen. This volume demonstrates that there now exists a broad range of in vitro models for use in either identifying or understanding most forms of toxicity. The availability of in vitro models spans both the full range of endpoints (irritation, sensitization, lethality, mutagenicity, and devlopmental toxicity) and the full spectrum of target organ systems (skin, eye, heart, liver, kidney, nervous system, etc.). Chapters are devoted to each of these speciality areas from a perspective of presenting the principal models and their uses and limitations. Chapters that overview the principles involved in the general selection and use of models, and that address the issues of safety concerns and regulatory acceptance of these methods are also included.

Author : Gary L. Kimmel,Devendra M. Kochhar
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2019-06-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781000006261

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In Vitro Methods in Developmental Toxicology by Gary L. Kimmel,Devendra M. Kochhar Pdf

First Published in 1990, this text brings together the work of several investigators who used in vitro techniques to probe the nature of embryonic cell response to a diverse group of chemical agents. It focuses on the approaches, limitations, usefulness and applicability of defining mechanisms underlying altered development. This work includes discussions on pharmacodynamic principles and placental transfer mechanisms. It also examines the potential for in vitro systems to serve as an adjunct to the risk assessment process. Ideal for both the layman and the expert in this area, this volume provides a general understanding of the types of approaches that can be used and specific approaches in investigating altered development.

Author : John M. Frazier
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1992-01-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1439805393

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In-Vitro Toxicity Testing by John M. Frazier Pdf

This volume focuses on the potential application of in vitro procedures to identify and quantify the toxicological risk to target organs associated with the use of commerical products and therapeutic drugs.;Revealing how the results of in vitro toxicity testing can be used in safety assessment, In Vitro Toxicity Testing: explores whether existing test methods can accomplish the necessary goals and, if not, what research is needed to make these techniques a practical reality; presents the current status of toxicity testing in the areas of hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, ocular irritation, and many others; outlines the role of validation in technology transfer from the research laboratory to safety evaluation; examines testing strategies and regulatory acceptance and addresses common concerns about the ultimate utilization of available methods in chemical safety/hazard considerations; and analyzes the perspective of industrial and regulatory agencies on the application of in vitro toxicity testing.;Generously referenced with over 1400 literature citations, In Vitro Toxicity Testing is for academic, industrial, and regulatory toxicologists; applied, molecular, and cell biologists; pharmacologists; animal welfare activists; and graduate students in pharmacology and toxicology courses.

Author : Frank A. Barile
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781000012910

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Introduction to In Vitro Cytotoxicology by Frank A. Barile Pdf

First Published in 1994, Introduction to In Vitro Cytotoxicology examines in vitro cytotoxicology, which offers new methodologies to toxicity testing. This important new discipline of modern toxicology is gaining increased acceptance as a viable alternative to traditional testing methods. The text discusses the application of in vitro cytotoxicology to toxicity testing and human risk assessment, and it analyzes the advantages and limitations of the tests performed under scientific and regulatory conditions. The book also reviews the optimum utilization of certain tests for specific groups of chemicals relevant to validation programs currently in progress. This book is a useful reference tool for students, researchers, and practitioners interested in academic, industrial, and regulatory toxicology; environmental health; cell biology; pharmacology; dentistry; or human and veterinary medicine.

Author : Chantra Eskes,Maurice Whelan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 407 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2016-09-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319338262

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Validation of Alternative Methods for Toxicity Testing by Chantra Eskes,Maurice Whelan Pdf

This book provides information on best practices and new thinking regarding the validation of alternative methods for toxicity testing. It covers the validation of experimental and computational methods and integrated approaches to testing and assessment. Validation strategies are discussed for methods employing the latest technologies such as tissue-on-a-chip systems, stem cells and transcriptomics, and for methods derived from pathway-based concepts in toxicology. Validation of Alternative Methods for Toxicity Testing is divided into two sections, in the first, practical insights are given on the state-of-the-art and on approaches that have resulted in successfully validated and accepted alternative methods. The second section focuses on the evolution of validation principles and practice that are necessary to ensure fit-for-purpose validation that has the greatest impact on international regulatory acceptance of alternative methods. In this context validation needs to keep pace with the considerable scientific advancements being made in toxicology, the availability of sophisticated tools and techniques that can be applied in a variety of ways, and the increasing societal and regulatory demands for better safety assessment. This book will be a useful resource for scientists in the field of toxicology, both from industry and academia, developing new test methods, strategies or techniques, as well as Governmental and regulatory authorities interested in understanding the principles and practicalities of validation of alternative methods for toxicity testing.

Author : Carmel Mothersill,Brian Austin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2003-08-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3540023577

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In Vitro Methods in Aquatic Ecotoxicology by Carmel Mothersill,Brian Austin Pdf

For the first time, here is a book that focuses on in vitro approaches to the study of the toxicology of polluting agents (including heavy metals, radionuclides, micro-organics, estrogenic compounds, and complex mixtures) in the aquatic environment. The importance of in vitro methods is that they allow standardised techniques to be developed and validated for substance and species specific experiments in a controlled way. Also, they allow mechanistic studies without the problems of individual variation between animals and environmental stress.

Author : Sheila O’Hare,Christopher K. Atterwill
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2013-08-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1489940820

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In Vitro Toxicity Testing Protocols by Sheila O’Hare,Christopher K. Atterwill Pdf

In vitro toxicology is one of the most rapidly expanding areas of biological research today. It is generally conceded that this is a result of pressure from the public for safer products and environmental conditions and, in these recessionary times, pressure from company accountants, who often perceive in vitro experimentation as a cheaper option than lawsuits, fines, and expensive remediation. Toxicologists themselves form one group whose vigor and influence on the evolution of in vitro toxicology is often underestimated. Many toxicologists have for some time been unhappy with the quantity (often a result of unnecessary duplication), the reliability, and the ethical circumstances of much animal experimentation. It is hoped that the present book, In Vitro Toxicity Testing Protocols, will play some part in enabling and encouraging the more widespread use of in vitro techniques. Since in vitro toxicity testing methodology is evolving at such a rapid rate, this book can of necessity provide only a "snapshot" of the major techniques in use at the present time. As with the other publications in Humana Press' Methods in Molecular Biology series, the aim has been to supply information on the fundamental requirements for the establishment of new techniques within working laboratories and to describe a variety of basic in vitro methodologies. Certain of the techniques detailed here could more accurately be described as ex vivo rather than truly in vitro. No apology is made for the inclusion of these techniques.

Author : Jose V. Castell,Maria Jose Gmez-Lechn
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 483 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1996-10-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780080534602

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In Vitro Methods in Pharmaceutical Research by Jose V. Castell,Maria Jose Gmez-Lechn Pdf

In Vitro Methods in Pharmaceutical Research provides a comprehensive guide to laboratory techniques for evaluating in vitro organ toxicity using cellular models. Step-by-step practical tips on how to perform and interpret assays for drug metabolism and toxicity assessment are provided, along with a comparison of different techniques available. It is a welcome addition to the literature at a time when interest is growing in cellular in vitro models for toxicology and pharmacology studies. Meets the continuing demand for information in this field Compares In Vitro techniques with other methods Describes cell-culture methods used to investigate toxicity in cells derived from different organs Includes contributions by leading experts in the field

Author : Alan M. Goldberg
Publisher : Mary Ann Liebert
Page : 522 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015038183680

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In Vitro Toxicology by Alan M. Goldberg Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicity Testing and Assessment of Environmental Agents
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 217 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2007-11-05
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309151733

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Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicity Testing and Assessment of Environmental Agents Pdf

Advances in molecular biology and toxicology are paving the way for major improvements in the evaluation of the hazards posed by the large number of chemicals found at low levels in the environment. The National Research Council was asked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to review the state of the science and create a far-reaching vision for the future of toxicity testing. The book finds that developing, improving, and validating new laboratory tools based on recent scientific advances could significantly improve our ability to understand the hazards and risks posed by chemicals. This new knowledge would lead to much more informed environmental regulations and dramatically reduce the need for animal testing because the new tests would be based on human cells and cell components. Substantial scientific efforts and resources will be required to leverage these new technologies to realize the vision, but the result will be a more efficient, informative and less costly system for assessing the hazards posed by industrial chemicals and pesticides.

Author : Diana Anderson,Tanya Russell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Animal experimentation
ISBN : UCSC:32106012099245

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The Status of Alternative Methods in Toxicology by Diana Anderson,Tanya Russell Pdf

This book discusses the status of alternative methods in toxicology and outlines the most well established and most promising in vitro tests currently available.