In Vivo Imaging In Pharmacological Research

Author : Nicolau Beckmann,Igor A. Kaltashov,Albert D. Windhorst
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2017-08-08
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9782889452378

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In Vivo Imaging in Pharmacological Research by Nicolau Beckmann,Igor A. Kaltashov,Albert D. Windhorst Pdf

The discovery and development of a biological active molecule with therapeutic properties is an ever increasing complex task, highly unpredictable at the early stages and marked, in the end, by high rates of failure. As a consequence, the overall process leading to the production of a successful drug is very costly. The improvement of the net outcome in drug discovery and development would require, amongst other important factors, a good understanding of the molecular events that characterize the disease or pathology in order to better identify likely targets of interest, to optimize the interaction of an active agent (small molecule or macromolecule of natural or synthetic origin) with those targets, and to facilitate the study of the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity of an active agent in suitable models and in human subjects. The objective of this Research Topic is to highlight new developments and applications of imaging techniques with the objective of performing pharmacological studies in vivo, in animal models and in humans. In the domain of drug discovery, the pharmacological and biomedical questions constitute the center of attention. In this sense, it is fundamental to keep in mind the strengths and limitations of each analytical or imaging technique. At the end, the judicious application of the technique with the aim of supporting the search for answers to manifold questions arising during a long and painstaking path provides a continuous role for imaging within the complex area of drug discovery and development.

Author : Felix Jackson
Publisher : American Medical Publishers
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2021-11-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1639275568

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Pharmacology: In Vivo Imaging by Felix Jackson Pdf

Pharmacology is a branch of medicine which is associated with the study of drug action. A drug can be characterized as any man-made, natural, or endogenous molecule. These drugs can have a biochemical or physiological effect over the cell, tissue, organ, or organism. In vivo imaging or preclinical imaging refers to the visualization of living animals for research purposes, such as drug development and cancer research. Imaging modalities are used in identifying changes, either at the organ, tissue, cell, or molecular level. The imaging systems can be characterized into morphological/anatomical and molecular imaging techniques. The aim of this book is to present researches that have transformed this discipline and aided its advancement. It contains some path-breaking studies in the field of pharmacology and in vivo imaging. The book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for the experts.

Author : Jinchao Feng,Xueli Chen,Xu Cao,Hong Shan,Qi Zeng
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 151 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2021-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889713950

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Imaging Technology in Oncology Pharmacological Research by Jinchao Feng,Xueli Chen,Xu Cao,Hong Shan,Qi Zeng Pdf

Author : Xuyi Yue
Publisher : Mdpi AG
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2023-05-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 3036573917

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In Vivo Nuclear Molecular Imaging in Drug Development and Pharmacological Research by Xuyi Yue Pdf

This Special Issue published one editorial, eight articles and four reviews from approximately one hundred authors. It aimed to provide cutting-edge research on pre-clinical development and the clinical translation of radiopharmaceuticals within the molecular imaging community. The Special Issue covered radioligand development, existing radiotracer optimization, imaging agent evaluation in animal models, the clinical production of radiopharmaceuticals, and investigative research on the use of molecular imaging probes in human subjects. We appreciate all the authors' significant contributions to this Special Issue and hope the readers will enjoy the content.

Author : Chun Li,Mei Tian
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118356838

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Drug Delivery Applications of Noninvasive Imaging by Chun Li,Mei Tian Pdf

Cost-effective strategies for designing novel drug delivery systems that target a broad range of disease conditions In vivo imaging has become an important tool for the development of new drug delivery systems, shedding new light on the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, bioavailability, local concentration, and clearance of drug substances for the treatment of human disease, most notably cancer. Written by a team of international experts, this book examines the use of quantitative imaging techniques in designing and evaluating novel drug delivery systems and applications. Drug Delivery Applications of Noninvasive Imaging offers a full arsenal of tested and proven methods, practices and guidance, enabling readers to overcome the many challenges in creating successful new drug delivery systems. The book begins with an introduction to molecular imaging. Next, it covers: In vivo imaging techniques and quantitative analysis Imaging drugs and drug carriers at the site of action, including low-molecular weight radiopharmaceuticals, peptides and proteins, siRNA, cells, and nanoparticles Applications of imaging techniques in administration routes other than intravenous injection, such as pulmonary and oral delivery Translational research leading to clinical applications Imaging drug delivery in large animal models Clinical applications of imaging techniques to guide drug development and drug delivery Chapters are based on a thorough review of the current literature as well as the authors' firsthand experience working with imaging techniques for the development of novel drug delivery systems. Presenting state-of-the-technology applications of imaging in preclinical and clinical evaluation of drug delivery systems, Drug Delivery Applications of Noninvasive Imaging offers cost-effective strategies to pharmaceutical researchers and students for developing drug delivery systems that accurately target a broad range of disease conditions.

Author : Markus Rudin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2006-07-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3764377801

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Imaging in Drug Discovery and Early Clinical Trials by Markus Rudin Pdf

This monograph examines the contribution of imaging modalities to the stages of drug discovery and development, from early target validation to their use in clinical development programs. Chapters are devoted to the description of the drug discovery process, to the various imaging modalities preclinically and clinically, to applications of imaging during the optimization of a lead compound, addressing issues such as bioavailability and efficacy, and during drug safety evaluation.

Author : Brian R. Moyer,Narayan P.S. Cheruvu,Tom C.-C. Hu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461482475

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Pharmaco-Imaging in Drug and Biologics Development by Brian R. Moyer,Narayan P.S. Cheruvu,Tom C.-C. Hu Pdf

The volume aim to be a comprehensive overview of the drug and biologic development process that is often called “the valley of death” (pre-IND through approval) where high costs of studies and high rates of product failure are part of the drug development landscape. Imaging tools can serve in this period by adding high value data, the images and the kinetic information they can provide, and cost-effective development alternative tools which potentially improve pivotal study designs. Imaging may identify safety issues early such as unwanted organ or tissue distributions, and then can serve advanced development with added certainty of a drug or biologic’s success to senior corporate management and investors. There are numerous textbooks, reference texts and treatises on medical imaging technologies, teaching tools on medical cases and physics books on the science of detector and computer interface systems. Rarely, in each of these are examples of medical imaging protocols and animal models of disease i.e. a text on methodology in drug development is currently unavailable.

Author : Nicolau Beckman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2006-06-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0849330262

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In Vivo MR Techniques in Drug Discovery and Development by Nicolau Beckman Pdf

Imaging technologies are receiving much attention in the pharmaceutical industry because of their potential for accelerating drug discovery and development. Magnetic Resonance (MR) Imaging is one of the principal modalities since it allows anatomical, functional, metabolic, and to a certain extent even target-related information to be gathered in vivo at high resolution, favoring the characterization of a disease state and the corresponding drug intervention. The non-invasiveness of MR strengthens the link between preclinical and clinical pharmaceutical research, contributing to improve the characterization of compound effects in early stages of the discovery process in order to increase the chances of success in later phases of drug development. Edited by a leading researcher in MR technology, with contributions from foremost experts in academia and the pharmaceutical industry, this title illustrates the use of MR techniques throughout the drug discovery and development process, from target identification and validation to clinical studies. Numerous chapters focus on individual disease areas, including neurological, cardiac, and pulmonary disorders, cancer studies, diabetes, arthritis, solid organ transplantation, and stem cell-based therapies, showing that different imaging solutions are needed for specific organs.

Author : Anton Bespalov,Martin C. Michel,Thomas Steckler
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2020-01-01
Category : Cardiology
ISBN : 9783030336561

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Good Research Practice in Non-Clinical Pharmacology and Biomedicine by Anton Bespalov,Martin C. Michel,Thomas Steckler Pdf

This open access book, published under a CC BY 4.0 license in the Pubmed indexed book series Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, provides up-to-date information on best practice to improve experimental design and quality of research in non-clinical pharmacology and biomedicine.

Author : José Miguel Vela,Rafael Maldonado,Michel Hamon
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2014-08-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783527333288

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In vivo Models for Drug Discovery by José Miguel Vela,Rafael Maldonado,Michel Hamon Pdf

This one-stop reference is the first to present the complete picture -- covering all relevant organisms, from single cells to mammals, as well as all major disease areas, including neurological disorders, cancer and infectious diseases. Addressing the needs of the pharmaceutical industry, this unique handbook adopts a broad perspective on the use of animals in the early part of the drug development process, including regulatory rules and limitations, as well as numerous examples from real-life drug development projects. After a general introduction to the topic, the expert contributors from research-driven pharmaceutical companies discuss the basic considerations of using animal models, including ethical issues. The main part of the book systematically surveys the most important disease areas for current drug development, from cardiovascular to endocrine disorders, and from infectious to neurological diseases. For each area, the availability of animal models for target validation, hit finding and lead profiling is reviewed, backed by numerous examples of both successes and failures among the use of animal models. The whole is rounded off with a discussion of perspectives and challenges. Key knowledge for drug researchers in industry as well as academia.

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Committee on State of the Science of Nuclear Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2007-09-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309134156

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Advancing Nuclear Medicine Through Innovation by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Nuclear and Radiation Studies Board,Committee on State of the Science of Nuclear Medicine Pdf

Nearly 20 million nuclear medicine procedures are carried out each year in the United States alone to diagnose and treat cancers, cardiovascular disease, and certain neurological disorders. Many of the advancements in nuclear medicine have been the result of research investments made during the past 50 years where these procedures are now a routine part of clinical care. Although nuclear medicine plays an important role in biomedical research and disease management, its promise is only beginning to be realized. Advancing Nuclear Medicine Through Innovation highlights the exciting emerging opportunities in nuclear medicine, which include assessing the efficacy of new drugs in development, individualizing treatment to the patient, and understanding the biology of human diseases. Health care and pharmaceutical professionals will be most interested in this book's examination of the challenges the field faces and its recommendations for ways to reduce these impediments.

Author : Michael R. Kilbourn,Peter J. H. Scott
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 768 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2021-04-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119500544

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Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals by Michael R. Kilbourn,Peter J. H. Scott Pdf

The thoroughly updated new edition of the authoritative reference in Radiopharmaceutical Sciences The second edition of Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals is a comprehensive review of the field, presenting up-to-date coverage of central topics such as radionuclide production, synthetic methodology, radiopharmaceutical development and regulations, and a wide range of practical applications. A valuable reference work for those new to the Radiopharmaceutical Sciences and experienced professionals alike, this volume explores the latest concepts and issues involving both targeted diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. Contributions from a team of experts from across sub-disciplines provide readers with an immersive examination of radiochemistry, nuclear medicine, molecular imaging, and more. Since the first edition of the Handbook was published, Nuclear Medicine and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences have undergone major changes. New radiopharmaceuticals for diagnosis and therapy have been approved by the FDA, the number of clinical PET and SPECT scans have increased significantly, and advances in Artificial Intelligence have dramatically improved research techniques. This fully revised edition reflects the current state of the field and features substantially updated and expanded content. New chapters cover topics including current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP), regulatory oversight, novel approaches to quality control—ensuring that readers are informed of the exciting developments of recent years. This important resource: Features extensive new and revised content throughout Covers key areas of application for diagnosis and therapy in oncology, neurology, and cardiology Emphasizes the multidisciplinary nature of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Discusses how drug companies are using modern radiopharmaceutical imaging techniques to support drug discovery Examines current and emerging applications of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) Edited by recognized experts in radiochemistry and PET imaging, Handbook of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radiochemistry and Applications, 2 nd Edition is an indispensable reference for post-doctoral fellows, research scientists, and professionals in the pharmaceutical industry, and for academics, graduate students, and newcomers in the field of radiopharmaceuticals.

Author : Katsunori Tanaka,Kenward Vong
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2020-04-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527344321

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Handbook of In Vivo Chemistry in Mice by Katsunori Tanaka,Kenward Vong Pdf

Provides timely, comprehensive coverage of in vivo chemical reactions within live animals This handbook summarizes the interdisciplinary expertise of both chemists and biologists performing in vivo chemical reactions within live animals. By comparing and contrasting currently available chemical and biological techniques, it serves not just as a collection of the pioneering work done in animal-based studies, but also as a technical guide to help readers decide which tools are suitable and best for their experimental needs. The Handbook of In Vivo Chemistry in Mice: From Lab to Living System introduces readers to general information about live animal experiments and detection methods commonly used for these animal models. It focuses on chemistry-based techniques to develop selective in vivo targeting methodologies, as well as strategies for in vivo chemistry and drug release. Topics include: currently available mouse models; biocompatible fluorophores; radionuclides for radiodiagnosis/radiotherapy; live animal imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) imaging; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); ultrasound imaging; hybrid imaging; biocompatible chemical reactions; ligand-directed nucleophilic substitution chemistry; biorthogonal prodrug release strategies; and various selective targeting strategies for live animals. -Completely covers current techniques of in vivo chemistry performed in live animals -Describes general information about commonly used live animal experiments and detection methods -Focuses on chemistry-based techniques to develop selective in vivo targeting methodologies, as well as strategies for in vivo chemistry and drug release -Places emphasis on material properties required for the development of appropriate compounds to be used for imaging and therapeutic purposes in preclinical applications Handbook of In Vivo Chemistry in Mice: From Lab to Living System will be of great interest to pharmaceutical chemists, life scientists, and organic chemists. It will also appeal to those working in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries.

Author : Ron D. Frostig
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2009-05-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420076851

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In Vivo Optical Imaging of Brain Function, Second Edition by Ron D. Frostig Pdf

These are exciting times for the field of optical imaging of brain function. Rapid developments in theory and technology continue to considerably advance understanding of brain function. Reflecting changes in the field during the past five years, the second edition of In Vivo Optical Imaging of Brain Function describes state-of-the-art techniques and their applications for the growing field of functional imaging in the live brain using optical imaging techniques. New in the Second Edition: Voltage-sensitive dyes imaging in awake behaving animals Imaging based on genetically encoded probes Imaging of mitochondrial auto-fluorescence as a tool for cortical mapping Using pH-sensitive dyes for functional mapping Modulated imaging Calcium imaging of neuronal activity using 2-photon microscopy Fourier approach to optical imaging Fully updated chapters from the first edition Leading Authorities Explore the Latest Techniques Updated to reflect continuous development in this emerging research area, this new edition, as with the original, reaches across disciplines to review a variety of non-invasive optical techniques used to study activity in the living brain. Leading authorities from such diverse areas as biophysics, neuroscience, and cognitive science present a host of perspectives that range from a single neuron to large assemblies of millions of neurons, captured at various temporal and spatial resolutions. Introducing techniques that were not available just a few years ago, the authors describe the theory, setup, analytical methods, and examples that highlight the advantages of each particular method.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 107 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2014-02-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309292498

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Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders Pdf

Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders is the summary of a workshop convened by the IOM Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders to examine opportunities to accelerate early phases of drug development for nervous system drug discovery. Workshop participants discussed challenges in neuroscience research for enabling faster entry of potential treatments into first-in-human trials, explored how new and emerging tools and technologies may improve the efficiency of research, and considered mechanisms to facilitate a more effective and efficient development pipeline. There are several challenges to the current drug development pipeline for nervous system disorders. The fundamental etiology and pathophysiology of many nervous system disorders are unknown and the brain is inaccessible to study, making it difficult to develop accurate models. Patient heterogeneity is high, disease pathology can occur years to decades before becoming clinically apparent, and diagnostic and treatment biomarkers are lacking. In addition, the lack of validated targets, limitations related to the predictive validity of animal models - the extent to which the model predicts clinical efficacy - and regulatory barriers can also impede translation and drug development for nervous system disorders. Improving and Accelerating Therapeutic Development for Nervous System Disorders identifies avenues for moving directly from cellular models to human trials, minimizing the need for animal models to test efficacy, and discusses the potential benefits and risks of such an approach. This report is a timely discussion of opportunities to improve early drug development with a focus toward preclinical trials.