Increasing Productivity Growth In Middle Income Countries

Author : Aidar Abdychev,La-Bhus Fah Jirasavetakul,Mr.Andrew W Jonelis,Mr.Lamin Leigh,Ashwin Moheeput,Friska Parulian,Ara Stepanyan,Albert Touna Mama
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 29 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2015-01-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484328439

Get Book

Increasing Productivity Growth in Middle Income Countries by Aidar Abdychev,La-Bhus Fah Jirasavetakul,Mr.Andrew W Jonelis,Mr.Lamin Leigh,Ashwin Moheeput,Friska Parulian,Ara Stepanyan,Albert Touna Mama Pdf

Many small middle-income countries (SMICs) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have experienced a moderation in growth in recent years. Although factor accumulation, most notably capital deepening, was crucial to the success of many SMICs historically, this growth model appears to have run its course. The analysis in this paper suggests that the decline in the contribution of total factor productivity (TFP) to growth is largely responsible for the slowdown in trend growth in many SMICs, which highlights the need for policy actions to reinvigorate productivity growth. This paper explores the question of what kind of structural policies could boost productivity growth in SMICs and the political economy factors that may be contributing to the slow implementation of these critical reforms in these countries. The findings suggest that although macroeconomic stability and trade openness are necessary for productivity growth, they are not sufficient. SMICs need to improve the quality of their public spending, most notably in education to minimize the skill mismatch in the labor market, reduce the regulatory burden on firms, improve access to finance by small and medium-sized enterprises and create the enabling environment to facilitate structural transformation in these economies.

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264210615

Get Book

Perspectives on Global Development 2014 Boosting Productivity to Meet the Middle-Income Challenge by OECD Pdf

In this book, competitiveness is viewed as a multifaceted concept comprising aspects of the economy and society needed to implement change and move toward sustainable convergence.

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2015-12-11
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264248533

Get Book

The Future of Productivity by OECD Pdf

This book addresses the rising productivity gap between the global frontier and other firms, and identifies a number of structural impediments constraining business start-ups, knowledge diffusion and resource allocation (such as barriers to up-scaling and relatively high rates of skill mismatch).

Author : Alistair Dieppe
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2021-06-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464816093

Get Book

Global Productivity by Alistair Dieppe Pdf

The COVID-19 pandemic struck the global economy after a decade that featured a broad-based slowdown in productivity growth. Global Productivity: Trends, Drivers, and Policies presents the first comprehensive analysis of the evolution and drivers of productivity growth, examines the effects of COVID-19 on productivity, and discusses a wide range of policies needed to rekindle productivity growth. The book also provides a far-reaching data set of multiple measures of productivity for up to 164 advanced economies and emerging market and developing economies, and it introduces a new sectoral database of productivity. The World Bank has created an extraordinary book on productivity, covering a large group of countries and using a wide variety of data sources. There is an emphasis on emerging and developing economies, whereas the prior literature has concentrated on developed economies. The book seeks to understand growth patterns and quantify the role of (among other things) the reallocation of factors, technological change, and the impact of natural disasters, including the COVID-19 pandemic. This book is must-reading for specialists in emerging economies but also provides deep insights for anyone interested in economic growth and productivity. Martin Neil Baily Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution Former Chair, U.S. President’s Council of Economic Advisers This is an important book at a critical time. As the book notes, global productivity growth had already been slowing prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and collapses with the pandemic. If we want an effective recovery, we have to understand what was driving these long-run trends. The book presents a novel global approach to examining the levels, growth rates, and drivers of productivity growth. For anyone wanting to understand or influence productivity growth, this is an essential read. Nicholas Bloom William D. Eberle Professor of Economics, Stanford University The COVID-19 pandemic hit a global economy that was already struggling with an adverse pre-existing condition—slow productivity growth. This extraordinarily valuable and timely book brings considerable new evidence that shows the broad-based, long-standing nature of the slowdown. It is comprehensive, with an exceptional focus on emerging market and developing economies. Importantly, it shows how severe disasters (of which COVID-19 is just the latest) typically harm productivity. There are no silver bullets, but the book suggests sensible strategies to improve growth prospects. John Fernald Schroders Chaired Professor of European Competitiveness and Reform and Professor of Economics, INSEAD

Author : Cesar Calderon
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464815515

Get Book

Boosting Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa by Cesar Calderon Pdf

Economic growth in the Sub-Saharan Africa region has been plagued by a series of shocks—wars, political instability, natural disasters, epidemics, terms-of-trade deterioration, and sudden stops in capital inflows—that have had lingering effects on productivity and growth. Within the overall productivity gap of the region are substantial differences across the sectors of economic activity and production units. Boosting Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa: Policies and Institutions to Promote Efficiency documents the productivity trends in Sub-Saharan Africa in three different dimensions, assessing productivity at the aggregate level, the sectoral level, and the establishment level. It characterizes the evolution of productivity in the region relative to other countries and regions, as well as country groups in Africa, classified by their degree of natural resource abundance and condition of fragility. The volume suggests that the persistence of the productivity gap in Africa vis-à -vis the technological frontier can be attributed to the slow accumulation of physical and human capital relative to the region’s growing population, as well as the poor allocation of these resources. These allocative inefficiencies are the outcome of policies and institutions that introduce distortions in the decision-making process of individuals. Hence, the volume assesses the implications of production decisions across agricultural farms and manufacturing firms. It presents evidence on aggregate productivity from the perspective of production units, using recent household surveys for farmers and firm-level surveys for select countries, as well as frontier estimation techniques. It documents the extent of severe resource misallocation across agricultural and manufacturing production units. These distortions decelerate the growth of the production units, disincentivize their adoption of productivity-enhancing technologies, and reduce the ability of their peers to learn new techniques. Boosting Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa highlights the adoption of digital technologies to reduce some of these market frictions. Mobile money has increased financial inclusion in several countries, and digital financial technologies have given individuals access to savings instruments and loan products. Enhancing access to credit can help individuals invest in schooling and overcome the costs of formality. The volume discusses further avenues of research that may provide additional insights on the productivity dynamics across countries in the region, and it identifies the different channels of policy transmission to enhance productivity. The empirical work presented can help to guide the design of policy in the region.

Author : Mr. Lamin Leigh
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2016-01-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498384261

Get Book

Africa on the Move by Mr. Lamin Leigh Pdf

This book describes the reforms needed to move small middle-income countries in sub-Saharan Africa to advanced-economy status. The result of intense discussions with public officials in the countries covered, the book blends rigorous theory, econometrics, and practitioners' insights to come up with practical recommendations for policymakers. It spans topics from macroeconomic vulnerability and reserve adequacy to labor market institutions and financial inclusion. The book is a must-read for researchers interested in the economic issues facing developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa.

Author : Gaurav Nayyar,Mary Hallward-Driemeier,Elwyn Davies
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2021-10-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464817106

Get Book

At Your Service? by Gaurav Nayyar,Mary Hallward-Driemeier,Elwyn Davies Pdf

Manufacturing-led development has provided the traditional model for creating jobs and prosperity. But in the past three decades the conventional pattern of structural transformation has changed, with the services sector growing faster than the manufacturing sector. This raises critical questions about the ability of developing economies to close productivity gaps with advanced economies and to create good jobs for more people. At Your Service? The Promise of Services-Led Development (www.worldbank.org/services-led-development) assesses the scope of a services-driven development model and policy directions that can maximize the model’s potential.

Author : Jorge Thompson Araujo,Ekaterina Vostroknutova,Konstantin M. Wacker,Mateo Clavijo
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464804519

Get Book

Understanding the Income and Efficiency Gap in Latin America and the Caribbean by Jorge Thompson Araujo,Ekaterina Vostroknutova,Konstantin M. Wacker,Mateo Clavijo Pdf

The countries of the Latin America and Caribbean region (LAC), like other emerging economies, have benefited from a decade of remarkable growth and some income per capita convergence towards the United States and other industrialized countries. However, even nearly ten years of solid growth in the first decade of the 21st century could not guarantee that LAC would move on to a sustained long-term income convergence path. In fact, despite this recent progress, LAC still faces a significant per capita income gap with the developed world. The papers in this volume contribute to the ongoing debate on the reasons for this persistent income gap and the potential drivers of convergence, and propose some broad avenues for reform. This volume presents new macro-, sectoral-, and micro-level evidence that: (i) differences in total factor productivity (TFP), or efficiency in using the production factors, such as physical and human capital, explain a large part of LAC's persistent income gap; and (ii) resource misallocation is the main factor behind LAC's large efficiency gap. At the same time, the findings of this volume indicate there is significant room for further economic growth gains from technology adoption and innovation more broadly. In fact, the quality of the available technology in LAC is low, and there is very little innovation. Although firms can use innovation to reach productivity at the global productivity frontier, weak institutions reduce incentives to innovate. This volume also proposes that the main priorities for improving resource allocation and the incentives to innovate include: (i) enhancing market competition in key network industries (transport, financial, telecommunications, logistics, communication and distribution services); (ii) increasing labor market flexibility (including skill-mismatches and social barriers); (iii) removing informational frictions (including complex tax regimes and credit rationing); (iv) strengthening property rights; and (v) improving the rule of law.

Author : Ms.Era Dabla-Norris,Giang Ho,Ms.Kalpana Kochhar,Ms.Annette J Kyobe,Mr.Robert Tchaidze
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013-09-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475524598

Get Book

Anchoring Growth by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris,Giang Ho,Ms.Kalpana Kochhar,Ms.Annette J Kyobe,Mr.Robert Tchaidze Pdf

Fostering and sustaining robust economic growth is an imperative across advanced, emerging, and low-income countries alike. Countries will need to focus on supply-side reforms to raise their potential output and anchor medium-term growth prospects. This SDN will emphasize the role of structural reforms and supportive policy and institutional frameworks for boosting productivity–a key engine of economic growth–in the wake of the crisis. By examining a broad spectrum of reforms that eliminate impediments to growth, the paper will seek to highlight a differentiated policy agenda across countries.

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019-01-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264269415

Get Book

Boosting Productivity and Inclusive Growth in Latin America by OECD Pdf

Over the past two decades, most Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries have experienced robust economic growth and been able to make significant reductions in poverty and income inequality. However, growth in the region was not strong enough to ensure convergence towards levels ...

Author : Ms.Era Dabla-Norris,Giang Ho,Ms.Kalpana Kochhar,Ms.Annette J Kyobe,Mr.Robert Tchaidze
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013-09-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781616357290

Get Book

Anchoring Growth by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris,Giang Ho,Ms.Kalpana Kochhar,Ms.Annette J Kyobe,Mr.Robert Tchaidze Pdf

Fostering and sustaining robust economic growth is an imperative across advanced, emerging, and low-income countries alike. Countries will need to focus on supply-side reforms to raise their potential output and anchor medium-term growth prospects. This SDN will emphasize the role of structural reforms and supportive policy and institutional frameworks for boosting productivity–a key engine of economic growth–in the wake of the crisis. By examining a broad spectrum of reforms that eliminate impediments to growth, the paper will seek to highlight a differentiated policy agenda across countries.

Author : Will Martin,Devashish Mitra
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Agricultural procductivity
ISBN : 9789090805306

Get Book

Productivity Growth and Convergence in Agriculture and Manufacturing by Will Martin,Devashish Mitra Pdf

The growth of agricultural productivity is widely believed to be low. But this study finds the productivity rate in agriculture to be higher than that in manufacturing, both on average and for groups of countries at different stages of development. This suggests that a large agricultural sector need not be a disadvantage for growth performance, and may be an advantage.

Author : Doug Addison
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Industrial productivity
ISBN : UCSD:31822033072968

Get Book

Productivity Growth and Product Variety by Doug Addison Pdf

Author : OCDE,
Publisher : OCDE
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Globalization
ISBN : 9264248528

Get Book

The Future of Productivity by OCDE, Pdf

Productivity is the ultimate engine of growth in the global economy. Raising productivity is therefore a fundamental challenge for countries going forward. This new OECD report on The Future of Productivity shows that we are not running out of ideas. In fact, the growth of the globally most productive firms has remained robust in the 21st century. However, the gap between those global leaders and the rest has increased over time, and especially so in the services sector. This implies that knowledge diffusion should not to be taken for granted. Future growth will largely depend on our ability to revive the diffusion machine, both within and across countries. At the same time, there is much scope to boost productivity and reduce inequality simply by more effectively allocating human talent to jobs. Over the coming decades, there will be several challenges to global growth, in spite of the continued rise of emerging economies. Global growth will be affected by population ageing, and a levelling out in education attainments in OECD countries and in labour force participation. More than ever, productivity will be the main driver of future growth and prosperity. Higher productivity growth is also essential to accommodate the impact of demographic pressures on public budgets, to escape the middle income trap that afflicts many emerging economies and to foster a new era of efficiency that drastically shrinks our footprint on the environment.

Author : McMillan, Margaret ,Rodrik, Dani,Sepúlveda, Claudia
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780896292147

Get Book

Structural change, fundamentals, and growth : a framework and case studies by McMillan, Margaret ,Rodrik, Dani,Sepúlveda, Claudia Pdf