Individual Based Models Of Cultural Evolution

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Individual-Based Models of Cultural Evolution

Alberto Acerbi,Alex Mesoudi,Marco Smolla
Individual Based Models of Cultural Evolution Book PDF

Author : Alberto Acerbi,Alex Mesoudi,Marco Smolla
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2022-07-05
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781000602036

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Individual-Based Models of Cultural Evolution by Alberto Acerbi,Alex Mesoudi,Marco Smolla Pdf

Individual-Based Models of Cultural Evolution shows readers how to create individual-based models of cultural evolution using the programming language R. The field of cultural evolution has emerged in the last few decades as a thriving, interdisciplinary effort to understand cultural change and cultural diversity within an evolutionary framework and using evolutionary tools, concepts, and methods. Given its roots in evolutionary biology, much of cultural evolution is grounded in, or inspired by, formal models. Yet many researchers interested in cultural evolution come from backgrounds that lack training in formal modelling, such as psychology, anthropology or archaeology. This book addresses that gap. It provides example code in R for readers to run their own models, moving from very simple models of the basic processes of cultural evolution, such as biased transmission and cultural mutation, to more advanced topics such as the evolution of social learning, demographic effects, and social network analysis. Features of this book: Recreates existing models in the literature to show how these were created and to enable readers to have a better understanding of their significance and how to apply them to their own research questions Provides full R code to realize models and analyse and plot outputs, with line-by-line analysis Requires no previous knowledge of the field of cultural evolution, and only very basic programming knowledge This is an essential resource for researchers and students interested in cultural evolution, including disciplines such as psychology, anthropology, archaeology, and biology as well as sociology and digital humanities.

Individual-based Models of Cultural Evolution

Alberto Acerbi,Alex Mesoudi,Marco Smolla
Individual based Models of Cultural Evolution Book PDF

Author : Alberto Acerbi,Alex Mesoudi,Marco Smolla
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : R (Computer program language)
ISBN : 1032252073

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Individual-based Models of Cultural Evolution by Alberto Acerbi,Alex Mesoudi,Marco Smolla Pdf

Individual-Based Models of Cultural Evolution shows readers how to create individual-based models of cultural evolution using the programming language R. The field of cultural evolution has emerged in the last few decades as a thriving, interdisciplinary effort to understand cultural change and cultural diversity within an evolutionary framework and using evolutionary tools, concepts, and methods. Given its roots in evolutionary biology, much of cultural evolution is grounded in, or inspired by, formal models. Yet many researchers interested in cultural evolution come from backgrounds that lack training in formal modelling, such as psychology, anthropology or archaeology. This book addresses that gap. It provides example code in R for readers to run their own models, moving from very simple models of the basic processes of cultural evolution, such as biased transmission and cultural mutation, to more advanced topics such as the evolution of social learning, demographic effects, and social network analysis. Features of this book: Recreates existing models in the literature to show how these were created and to enable readers to have a better understanding of their significance and how to apply them to their own research questions Provides full R code to realize models and analyse and plot outputs, with line-by-line analysis Requires no previous knowledge of the field of cultural evolution, and only very basic programming knowledge This is an essential resource for researchers and students interested in cultural evolution, including disciplines such as psychology, anthropology, archaeology, and biology as well as sociology and digital humanities.

Cultural Evolution

Alex Mesoudi
Cultural Evolution Book PDF

Author : Alex Mesoudi
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2011-07-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780226520452

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Cultural Evolution by Alex Mesoudi Pdf

Charles Darwin changed the course of scientific thinking by showing how evolution accounts for the stunning diversity and biological complexity of life on earth. Recently, there has also been increased interest in the social sciences in how Darwinian theory can explain human culture. Covering a wide range of topics, including fads, public policy, the spread of religion, and herd behavior in markets, Alex Mesoudi shows that human culture is itself an evolutionary process that exhibits the key Darwinian mechanisms of variation, competition, and inheritance. This cross-disciplinary volume focuses on the ways cultural phenomena can be studied scientifically—from theoretical modeling to lab experiments, archaeological fieldwork to ethnographic studies—and shows how apparently disparate methods can complement one another to the mutual benefit of the various social science disciplines. Along the way, the book reveals how new insights arise from looking at culture from an evolutionary angle. Cultural Evolution provides a thought-provoking argument that Darwinian evolutionary theory can both unify different branches of inquiry and enhance understanding of human behavior.

The Origin and Evolution of Cultures

Los Angeles Robert Boyd Professor of Anthropology University of California,Davis Peter J. Richerson Professor of Environmental Science and Policy University of California
The Origin and Evolution of Cultures Book PDF

Author : Los Angeles Robert Boyd Professor of Anthropology University of California,Davis Peter J. Richerson Professor of Environmental Science and Policy University of California
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2004-12-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0198040083

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The Origin and Evolution of Cultures by Los Angeles Robert Boyd Professor of Anthropology University of California,Davis Peter J. Richerson Professor of Environmental Science and Policy University of California Pdf

Oxford presents, in one convenient and coherently organized volume, 20 influential but until now relatively inaccessible articles that form the backbone of Boyd and Richerson's path-breaking work on evolution and culture. Their interdisciplinary research is based on two notions. First, that culture is crucial for understanding human behavior; unlike other organisms, socially transmitted beliefs, attitudes, and values heavily influence our behavior. Secondly, culture is part of biology: the capacity to acquire and transmit culture is a derived component of human psychology, and the contents of culture are deeply intertwined with our biology. Culture then is a pool of information, stored in the brains of the population that gets transmitted from one brain to another by social learning processes. Therefore, culture can account for both our outstanding ecological success as well as the maladaptations that characterize much of human behavior. The interest in this collection will span anthropology, psychology, economics, philosophy, and political science.

Cultural Evolution in the Digital Age

Alberto Acerbi
Cultural Evolution in the Digital Age Book PDF

Author : Alberto Acerbi
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780198835943

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Cultural Evolution in the Digital Age by Alberto Acerbi Pdf

From emails to social media, from instant messaging to political memes, the way we produce and transmit culture is radically changing. Understanding the consequences of the massive diffusion of digital media is of the utmost importance, both from the intellectual and the social point of view. 'Cultural Evolution in the Digital Age' proposes that a specific discipline - cultural evolution - provides an excellent framework to analyse our digital age. Cultural evolution is a vibrant, interdisciplinary, and increasingly productive scientific framework that aims to provide a naturalistic and quantitative explanation of culture. In the book the author shows how cultural evolution offers both a sophisticated view of human behaviour, grounded in cognitive science and evolutionary theory, and a strong quantitative and experimental methodology. The book examines in depth various topics that directly originate from the application of cultural evolution research to digital media. Is online social influence radically different from previous forms of social influence? Do digital media amplify the effects of popularity and celebrity influence? What are the psychological forces that favour the spread of online misinformation? What are the effects of the hyper-availability of information online on cultural cumulation? The cultural evolutionary perspective provides novel insights, and a relatively encouraging take on the overall effects of our online activities on our culture. Cultural Evolution is an area of rapidly growing interest, and this timely book will be important reading for students and researchers in the fields of psychology, anthropology, cognitive science, and the media.

The Origin and Evolution of Cultures

Robert Boyd,Peter J. Richerson
The Origin and Evolution of Cultures Book PDF

Author : Robert Boyd,Peter J. Richerson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2005-01-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199883127

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The Origin and Evolution of Cultures by Robert Boyd,Peter J. Richerson Pdf

Oxford presents, in one convenient and coherently organized volume, 20 influential but until now relatively inaccessible articles that form the backbone of Boyd and Richerson's path-breaking work on evolution and culture. Their interdisciplinary research is based on two notions. First, that culture is crucial for understanding human behavior; unlike other organisms, socially transmitted beliefs, attitudes, and values heavily influence our behavior. Secondly, culture is part of biology: the capacity to acquire and transmit culture is a derived component of human psychology, and the contents of culture are deeply intertwined with our biology. Culture then is a pool of information, stored in the brains of the population that gets transmitted from one brain to another by social learning processes. Therefore, culture can account for both our outstanding ecological success as well as the maladaptations that characterize much of human behavior. The interest in this collection will span anthropology, psychology, economics, philosophy, and political science.

Adaptive Diversification (MPB-48)

Michael Doebeli
Adaptive Diversification MPB 48 Book PDF

Author : Michael Doebeli
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2011-08-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781400838936

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Adaptive Diversification (MPB-48) by Michael Doebeli Pdf

Understanding the mechanisms driving biological diversity remains a central problem in ecology and evolutionary biology. Traditional explanations assume that differences in selection pressures lead to different adaptations in geographically separated locations. This book takes a different approach and explores adaptive diversification--diversification rooted in ecological interactions and frequency-dependent selection. In any ecosystem, birth and death rates of individuals are affected by interactions with other individuals. What is an advantageous phenotype therefore depends on the phenotype of other individuals, and it may often be best to be ecologically different from the majority phenotype. Such rare-type advantage is a hallmark of frequency-dependent selection and opens the scope for processes of diversification that require ecological contact rather than geographical isolation. Michael Doebeli investigates adaptive diversification using the mathematical framework of adaptive dynamics. Evolutionary branching is a paradigmatic feature of adaptive dynamics that serves as a basic metaphor for adaptive diversification, and Doebeli explores the scope of evolutionary branching in many different ecological scenarios, including models of coevolution, cooperation, and cultural evolution. He also uses alternative modeling approaches. Stochastic, individual-based models are particularly useful for studying adaptive speciation in sexual populations, and partial differential equation models confirm the pervasiveness of adaptive diversification. Showing that frequency-dependent interactions are an important driver of biological diversity, Adaptive Diversification provides a comprehensive theoretical treatment of adaptive diversification.

The Evolution of Culture

Stefan Linquist
The Evolution of Culture Book PDF

Author : Stefan Linquist
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 659 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351890144

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The Evolution of Culture by Stefan Linquist Pdf

Recent years have seen a transformation in thinking about the nature of culture. Rather than viewing culture in opposition to biology, a growing number of researchers now regard culture as subject to evolutionary processes. Recent developments in this field have shifted some of the traditional academic fault lines. Alliances are forming between researchers trained in anthropology, evolutionary biology, psychology and philosophy. Meanwhile, several distinct schools of thought have appeared which differ in their vision of what an evolutionary approach to culture should look like. This volume contains some of the most influential publications on these subjects from the past few decades. A theoretical background chapter and critical introduction identify the core issues at stake in the new study of cultural evolution. These chapters are followed by sections on each of the four dominant approaches: the phylogenetic approach, memetics, dual inheritance theory and niche construction. Following these are two chapters on closely related topics: the psychological mechanisms of culture and the existence of culture in non-human animals. Overall, this volume provides an up to date overview of some of the most exciting trends in contemporary evolutionary thought.

Agent-Based Modeling for Archaeology

Iza Romanowska,Colin D. Wren,Stefani A. Crabtree
Agent Based Modeling for Archaeology Book PDF

Author : Iza Romanowska,Colin D. Wren,Stefani A. Crabtree
Publisher : SFI Press
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2021-08-02
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781947864382

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Agent-Based Modeling for Archaeology by Iza Romanowska,Colin D. Wren,Stefani A. Crabtree Pdf

To fully understand not only the past, but also the trajectories, of human societies, we need a more dynamic view of human social systems. Agent-based modeling (ABM), which can create fine-scale models of behavior over time and space, may reveal important, general patterns of human activity. Agent-Based Modeling for Archaeology is the first ABM textbook designed for researchers studying the human past. Appropriate for scholars from archaeology, the digital humanities, and other social sciences, this book offers novices and more experienced ABM researchers a modular approach to learning ABM and using it effectively. Readers will find the necessary background, discussion of modeling techniques and traps, references, and algorithms to use ABM in their own work. They will also find engaging examples of how other scholars have applied ABM, ranging from the study of the intercontinental migration pathways of early hominins, to the weather–crop–population cycles of the American Southwest, to the trade networks of Ancient Rome. This textbook provides the foundations needed to simulate the complexity of past human societies, offering researchers a richer understanding of the past—and likely future—of our species.

Cultural Evolution

Peter J. Richerson,Morten H. Christiansen
Cultural Evolution Book PDF

Author : Peter J. Richerson,Morten H. Christiansen
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 499 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2024-04-30
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780262551908

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Cultural Evolution by Peter J. Richerson,Morten H. Christiansen Pdf

Leading scholars report on current research that demonstrates the central role of cultural evolution in explaining human behavior. Over the past few decades, a growing body of research has emerged from a variety of disciplines to highlight the importance of cultural evolution in understanding human behavior. Wider application of these insights, however, has been hampered by traditional disciplinary boundaries. To remedy this, in this volume leading researchers from theoretical biology, developmental and cognitive psychology, linguistics, anthropology, sociology, religious studies, history, and economics come together to explore the central role of cultural evolution in different aspects of human endeavor. The contributors take as their guiding principle the idea that cultural evolution can provide an important integrating function across the various disciplines of the human sciences, as organic evolution does for biology. The benefits of adopting a cultural evolutionary perspective are demonstrated by contributions on social systems, technology, language, and religion. Topics covered include enforcement of norms in human groups, the neuroscience of technology, language diversity, and prosociality and religion. The contributors evaluate current research on cultural evolution and consider its broader theoretical and practical implications, synthesizing past and ongoing work and sketching a roadmap for future cross-disciplinary efforts. Contributors Quentin D. Atkinson, Andrea Baronchelli, Robert Boyd, Briggs Buchanan, Joseph Bulbulia, Morten H. Christiansen, Emma Cohen, William Croft, Michael Cysouw, Dan Dediu, Nicholas Evans, Emma Flynn, Pieter François, Simon Garrod, Armin W. Geertz, Herbert Gintis, Russell D. Gray, Simon J. Greenhill, Daniel B. M. Haun, Joseph Henrich, Daniel J. Hruschka, Marco A. Janssen, Fiona M. Jordan, Anne Kandler, James A. Kitts, Kevin N. Laland, Laurent Lehmann, Stephen C. Levinson, Elena Lieven, Sarah Mathew, Robert N. McCauley, Alex Mesoudi, Ara Norenzayan, Harriet Over, Jürgen Renn, Victoria Reyes-García, Peter J. Richerson, Stephen Shennan, Edward G. Slingerland, Dietrich Stout, Claudio Tennie, Peter Turchin, Carel van Schaik, Matthijs Van Veelen, Harvey Whitehouse, Thomas Widlok, Polly Wiessner, David Sloan Wilson

Cultural Transmission and Evolution (MPB-16), Volume 16

L L Cavalli-sforza,Marcus Feldman
Cultural Transmission and Evolution MPB 16 Volume 16 Book PDF

Author : L L Cavalli-sforza,Marcus Feldman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2020-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691209357

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Cultural Transmission and Evolution (MPB-16), Volume 16 by L L Cavalli-sforza,Marcus Feldman Pdf

A number of scholars have found that concepts such as mutation, selection, and random drift, which emerged from the theory of biological evolution, may also explain evolutionary phenomena in other disciplines as well. Drawing on these concepts, Professors Cavalli-Sforza and Feldman classify and systematize the various modes of transmitting "culture" and explore their consequences for cultural evolution. In the process, they develop a mathematical theory of the non-genetic transmission of cultural traits that provides a framework for future investigations in quantitative social and anthropological science. The authors use quantitative models that incorporate the various modes of transmission (for example, parent-child, peer-peer, and teacher-student), and evaluate data from sociology, archaeology, and epidemiology in terms of the models. They show that the various modes of transmission in conjunction with cultural and natural selection produce various rates of cultural evolution and various degrees of diversity within and between groups. The same framework can be used for explaining phenomena as apparently unrelated as linguistics, epidemics, social values and customs, and diffusion of innovations. The authors conclude that cultural transmission is an essential factor in the study of cultural change.

Learning Strategies and Cultural Evolution during the Palaeolithic

Alex Mesoudi,Kenichi Aoki
Learning Strategies and Cultural Evolution during the Palaeolithic Book PDF

Author : Alex Mesoudi,Kenichi Aoki
Publisher : Springer
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2015-04-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9784431553632

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Learning Strategies and Cultural Evolution during the Palaeolithic by Alex Mesoudi,Kenichi Aoki Pdf

This volume is motivated by the desire to explain why Neanderthals were replaced by modern humans, in terms of cultural differences between the two (sub-) species. It provides up-to-date coverage on the theory of cultural evolution as is being used by anthropologists, archaeologists, biologists and psychologists to decipher hominin cultural change and diversity during the Palaeolithic. The contributing authors are directly involved in this effort and the material presented includes novel approaches and findings. Chapters explain how learning strategies in combination with social and demographic factors (e.g., population size and mobility patterns) predict cultural evolution in a world without the printing press, television or the Internet. Also addressed is the inverse problem of how learning strategies may be inferred from actual trajectories of cultural change, for example as seen in the North American Palaeolithic. Mathematics and statistics, a sometimes necessary part of theory, are explained in elementary terms where they appear, with details relegated to appendices. Full citations of the relevant literature will help the reader to further pursue any topic of interest.

Developing Scaffolds in Evolution, Culture, and Cognition

Linnda R. Caporael,James R. Griesemer,William C. Wimsatt
Developing Scaffolds in Evolution Culture and Cognition Book PDF

Author : Linnda R. Caporael,James R. Griesemer,William C. Wimsatt
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262314794

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Developing Scaffolds in Evolution, Culture, and Cognition by Linnda R. Caporael,James R. Griesemer,William C. Wimsatt Pdf

Empirical and philosophical perspectives on scaffolding that highlight the role of temporal and temporary resources in development across concepts of culture, cognition, and evolution. "Scaffolding" is a concept that is becoming widely used across disciplines. This book investigates common threads in diverse applications of scaffolding, including theoretical biology, cognitive science, social theory, science and technology studies, and human development. Despite its widespread use, the concept of scaffolding is often given short shrift; the contributors to this volume, from a range of disciplines, offer a more fully developed analysis of scaffolding that highlights the role of temporal and temporary resources in development, broadly conceived, across concepts of culture, cognition, and evolution. The book emphasizes reproduction, repeated assembly, and entrenchment of heterogeneous relations, parts, and processes as a complement to neo-Darwinism in the developmentalist tradition of conceptualizing evolutionary change. After describing an integration of theoretical perspectives that can accommodate different levels of analysis and connect various methodologies, the book discusses multilevel organization; differences (and reciprocality) between individuals and institutions as units of analysis; and perspectives on development that span brains, careers, corporations, and cultural cycles. Contributors Colin Allen, Linnda R. Caporael, James Evans, Elihu M. Gerson, Simona Ginsburg, James R. Griesemer, Christophe Heintz, Eva Jablonka, Sanjay Joshi, Shu-Chen Li, Pamela Lyon, Sergio F. Martinez, Christopher J. May, Johann Peter Murmann, Stuart A. Newman, Jeffrey C. Schank, Iddo Tavory, Georg Theiner, Barbara Hoeberg Wimsatt, William C. Wimsatt

Modeling Social Behavior

Paul Smaldino
Modeling Social Behavior Book PDF

Author : Paul Smaldino
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2023-10-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780691224145

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Modeling Social Behavior by Paul Smaldino Pdf

A comprehensive introduction to mathematical and agent-based modeling of social behavior This book provides a unified, theory-driven introduction to key mathematical and agent-based models of social dynamics and cultural evolution, teaching readers how to build their own models, analyze them, and integrate them with empirical research programs. It covers a variety of modeling topics, each exemplified by one or more archetypal models, and helps readers to develop strong theoretical foundations for understanding social behavior. Modeling Social Behavior equips social, behavioral, and cognitive scientists with an essential tool kit for thinking about and studying complex social systems using mathematical and computational models. Combines both mathematical and agent-based modeling of social behavior Integrates cognitive science, social science, and cultural evolution Covers topics such as the philosophy of modeling, collective movement, segregation, contagion, polarization, the evolution of cooperation, the emergence of norms, networks, and the scientific process Discusses more advanced topics, including how to use models to build a more robust empirical research program An ideal introductory textbook for graduate students or advanced undergraduates An invaluable resource for practitioners

The Dynamics of Cultural Evolution

Michael Rosenberg
The Dynamics of Cultural Evolution Book PDF

Author : Michael Rosenberg
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 207 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2022-07-09
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783031048630

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The Dynamics of Cultural Evolution by Michael Rosenberg Pdf

This book explores the nature of cultural and culturally structured social and behavioral entities, their evolutionary interactions, and the central role purposive behaviors play in those interactions. It, first, makes the case for cultural and cultural structured systems being considered as true entities bounded in time and space, and not ephemera in a constant state of becoming another system. Second, it examines how these entities interact to produce evolutionary culture change. It then argues that the intent of purposive behaviors is reliably knowable in the aggregate, at least when dealing with expressions of behavioral tendencies in the animal kingdom, humans included. Finally, the book references well documented behavioral tendencies for examples of proximate causation in the evolution of settled village societies and, following that, socially complex societies. Through these efforts, the book synthesizes the various approaches to the evolution of culture and provides a complete and comprehensive picture of the process. It provides a corrective to the tendency to view cultural systems as entirely open ended and as capable of changing in any direction; and also to treating cultural evolution as solely a result of selective forces, that is, in terms of only ultimate causation. This book provides an engaging and critical counterview to established theories of cultural evolution and is of interest to scholars and students of different disciplines, from anthropology and archeology, to evolutionary biology and epigenetics.