Instantiation

Author : James G. Williams
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 1991-08-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 3540543333

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Instantiation Theory by James G. Williams Pdf

Instantiation Theory presents a new, general unification algorithm that is of immediate use in building theorem provers and logic programming systems. Instantiation theory is the study of instantiation in an abstract context that is applicable to most commonly studied logical formalisms. The volume begins with a survey of general approaches to the study of instantiation, as found in tree systems, order-sorted algebras, algebraic theories, composita, and instantiation systems. A classification of instantiation systems is given, based on properties of substitutions, degree of type strictness, and well-foundedness of terms. Equational theories and the use of typed variables are studied in terms of quotient homomorphisms and embeddings, respectively. Every instantiation system is a quotient system of a subsystem of first-order term instantiation. The general unification algorithm is developed as an application of the basic theory. Its soundness is rigorously proved, and its completeness and efficiency are verfied for certain classes of instantiation systems. Appropriate applications of the algorithm include unification of first-order terms, order-sorted terms, and first-order formulas modulo alpha-conversion, as well as equational unification using simple congruences.

Author : José Tomás Alvarado
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030533939

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A Metaphysics of Platonic Universals and their Instantiations by José Tomás Alvarado Pdf

This book offers a detailed defense of a metaphysics of Platonic universals and a conception of particular objects that is coherent with said metaphysics. The work discusses all the main alternatives in metaphysics of properties and tries to show why universals are the entities that best satisfy the theoretical roles required for a property. The work also explains the advantages of Platonic over Aristotelian universals in the metaphysics of modality and natural laws. Moreover, it is argued that only Platonic universals are coherent with the grounding profile required for universals. The traditional objections against Platonism are discussed and answered. The third part of the book, finally, offers a conception of particular objects as nuclear bundles of tropes that is coherent with the Platonic ontology of universals. This book is of interest to anyone that wants to understand the current –and intricate– debate in metaphysics of properties and its incidence in many other areas in philosophy.

Author : Vadim Kagan,Anil Nerode,V. S. Subrahmanian
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Electronic
ISBN : CORNELL:31924068363534

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Computing Definite Logic Programs by Partial Instantiation and Linear Programming by Vadim Kagan,Anil Nerode,V. S. Subrahmanian Pdf

Author : William Croft
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2001-10-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780191544798

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Radical Construction Grammar by William Croft Pdf

This book is based on the results of research in language typology, and motivated by the need for a theory to explain them. The essence of the approach is (a) that almost all aspects of grammatical structure are language specific, and (b) that language universals are to be found in conceptual structure and in the mapping of conceptual structure on to linguistic form. It proposes intimate links between syntactic and semantic structures, and argues that the basic elements of any language are not syntactic but syntactic-semantic 'Gestalts'. Professor Croft puts forward a new approach to syntactic representation and a new model of how language and languages work. He covers a wide range of syntactic phenomena, illustrating these with examples that show the varied grammatical structures of the world's languages. The book will be accessible all linguists at graduate level and beyond.

Author : Greg Egan
Publisher : Greg Egan
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2020-01-23
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9781922240316

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Instantiation by Greg Egan Pdf

Instantiation is a collection of 11 stories by the Hugo award winning author Greg Egan: “The Discrete Charm of the Turing Machine” “Zero For Conduct” “Uncanny Valley” “Seventh Sight” “The Nearest” “Shadow Flock” “Bit Players” “Break My Fall” “3-adica” “The Slipway” “Instantiation”

Author : Robert C. Koons,Timothy Pickavance
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1067 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2017-02-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781119116097

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The Atlas of Reality by Robert C. Koons,Timothy Pickavance Pdf

The Atlas of Reality: A Comprehensive Guide to Metaphysics presents an extensive examination of the key topics, concepts, and guiding principles of metaphysics. Represents the most comprehensive guide to metaphysics available today Offers authoritative coverage of the full range of topics that comprise the field of metaphysics in an accessible manner while considering competing views Explores key concepts such as space, time, powers, universals, and composition with clarity and depth Articulates coherent packages of metaphysical theses that include neo-Aristotelian, Quinean, Armstrongian, and neo-Humean Carefully tracks the use of common assumptions and methodological principles in metaphysics

Author : Iman Poernomo,John N. Crossley,Martin Wirsing
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 726 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2005-06-21
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0387237593

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Adapting Proofs-as-Programs by Iman Poernomo,John N. Crossley,Martin Wirsing Pdf

This monograph details several important advances in the direction of a practical proofs-as-programs paradigm, which constitutes a set of approaches to developing programs from proofs in constructive logic with applications to industrial-scale, complex software engineering problems. One of the books central themes is a general, abstract framework for developing new systems of programs synthesis by adapting proofs-as-programs to new contexts.

Author : Richard Gaskin
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2008-10-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191553622

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The Unity of the Proposition by Richard Gaskin Pdf

Richard Gaskin presents a work in the philosophy of language. He analyses what is distinctive about sentences and the propositions they express—what marks them off from mere lists of words and mere aggregates of word-meanings respectively. Since he identifies the world with all the true and false propositions, his account of the unity of the proposition has significant implications for our understanding of the nature of reality. He argues that the unity of the proposition is constituted by a certain infinitistic structure known in the tradition as 'Bradley's regress'. Usually, Bradley's regress has been regarded as vicious, but Gaskin argues that it is the metaphysical ground of the propositional unity, and gives us an important insight into the fundamental make-up of the world.

Author : Jeanette K. Gundel,Nancy Hedberg
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2008-01-29
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780190450250

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Reference by Jeanette K. Gundel,Nancy Hedberg Pdf

The ability to produce and understand referring expressions is basic to human language use and human cognition. Reference comprises the ability to think of and represent objects (both real and imagined/fictional), to indicate to others which of these objects we are talking about, and to determine what others are talking about when they use a nominal expression. The articles in this volume are concerned with some of the central themes and challenges in research on reference within the cognitive sciences - philosophy (including philosophy of language and mind, logic, and formal semantics), theoretical and computational linguistics, and cognitive psychology. The papers address four basic questions: What is reference? What is the appropriate analysis of different referring forms, such as definite descriptions? How is reference resolved? and How do speaker/writers select appropriate referring forms, such as pronouns vs. full noun phrases, demonstrative vs. personal pronouns, and overt vs. null/zero pronominal forms? Some of the papers assume and build on existing theories, such as Centering Theory and the Givenness Hierarchy framework; others propose their own models of reference understanding or production. The essays examine reference from a number of disciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives, informed by different research traditions and employing different methodologies. While the contributors to the volume were primarily trained in one of the four represented disciplines-computer science, linguistics, philosophy and psychology, and use methodologies typical of that discipline, each of them bridges more than one discipline in their methodology and/or their approach.

Author : Wellington Santos
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 586 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2009-10-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789533070087

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Evolutionary Computation by Wellington Santos Pdf

This book presents several recent advances on Evolutionary Computation, specially evolution-based optimization methods and hybrid algorithms for several applications, from optimization and learning to pattern recognition and bioinformatics. This book also presents new algorithms based on several analogies and metafores, where one of them is based on philosophy, specifically on the philosophy of praxis and dialectics. In this book it is also presented interesting applications on bioinformatics, specially the use of particle swarms to discover gene expression patterns in DNA microarrays. Therefore, this book features representative work on the field of evolutionary computation and applied sciences. The intended audience is graduate, undergraduate, researchers, and anyone who wishes to become familiar with the latest research work on this field.

Author : Ugo Montanari
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 676 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1995-09-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 3540602992

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Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming - CP '95 by Ugo Montanari Pdf

This book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming, CP '95, held in Cassis near Marseille, France in September 1995. The 33 refereed full papers included were selected out of 108 submissions and constitute the main part of the book; in addition there is a 60-page documentation of the four invited papers and a section presenting industrial reports. Thus besides having a very strong research component, the volume will be attractive for practitioners. The papers are organized in sections on efficient constraint handling, constraint logic programming, concurrent constraint programming, computational logic, applications, and operations research.

Author : Jasmin Blanchette,Laura Kovács,Dirk Pattinson
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 756 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Automatic theorem proving
ISBN : 9783031107696

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Automated Reasoning by Jasmin Blanchette,Laura Kovács,Dirk Pattinson Pdf

This is an open access book. It is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Author : Anna Marmodoro
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2010-06-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781136968341

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The Metaphysics of Powers by Anna Marmodoro Pdf

This volume is a collection of papers that advance our understanding of the metaphysics of powers — properties such as fragility and electric charge. The metaphysics of powers is a fast developing research field with fundamental questions at the forefront of current research, such as Can there be a world of only powers? What is the manifestation of a power? Are powers and their manifestations related by necessity? What are the prospects for dispositional accounts of causation? The papers focus on questions concerning the metaphysics of powers that cut across any particular subject-specific ontological domain -- whether philosophy of science, philosophy of mind, ethics, epistemology – investigating the metaphysical structure of powers, the nature of the manifestation of powers, the necessity or contingency of a power’s relation to its manifestations, and powers and causation. A number of authors also engage in discussion with Humean and neo-Humean treatments of causation, thereby making contributions to a larger metaphysical debate beyond powers. Additionally, the authors engage critically with the latest contributions to the debate on powers in the literature, thereby bringing together in a wholesome and analytical way the most recent and noteworthy theoretical developments in this research field.

Author : Lipo Wang,Licheng Jiao,Guanming Shi,Xue Lu,Jing Liu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1362 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2006-09-19
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540459163

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Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery by Lipo Wang,Licheng Jiao,Guanming Shi,Xue Lu,Jing Liu Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, FSKD 2006, held in federation with the Second International Conference on Natural Computation ICNC 2006. The book presents 115 revised full papers and 50 revised short papers. Coverage includes neural computation, quantum computation, evolutionary computation, DNA computation, fuzzy computation, granular computation, artificial life, innovative applications to knowledge discovery, finance, operations research, and more.

Author : Frank James Eisenhart
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : English language
ISBN : UGA:32108025462287

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Instantiating Thematic Roles with a Recurrent Neural Network by Frank James Eisenhart Pdf