Institutional Change And Shared Management Of Water Resources In Large Canal Systems
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Institutional Change and Shared Management of Water Resources in Large Canal Systems by D. J. Bandaragoda Pdf
This report is based on the results of an action research program in pakistan conducted by the International Water Managament Institute (IWMI). An analysis of empirical data is presented in the light of existing theoretical kmowledge on collective action for natural resources management. the report also highlights the current constraints associated with a wider application of some of these findings, which reflect the difficulties in pursuing large-scale institutional reforms in the rural sector of developing coutries. finally, the report raises some key research issues that need to be explored further.
Institutional Change and Irrigation Management in Burkina Faso by Charlotte van der Schaaf Pdf
Water and land policies form the basis for this study on the realities of policy implementation and outcomes at the local level. The empirical study focuses on two small-scale irrigation systems in Burkina Faso. It contributes to the discussion on the widespread trend to transfer management responsibilities, through the ongoing decentralisation process, from the state to water user associations. The study shows the intra-community power structures and changing relationships between state actors and the community and the consequences for the management of these systems and the related natural resources.
Stakeholder Participation in Developing Institutions for Integrated Water Resources Management: Lessons from Asia by Anonim Pdf
A five-country river basin study in Asia used a participatory method for diagnostic investigations to learn about contextual processes, as well as for stakeholder consultation to develop action plans. The use of this methodology was encouraged by the positive results of an earlier action research program conducted in Pakistan for mobilizing farmers to form their own organizations. The method was found to be exceptionally effective, and had many advantages over the conventional methodsof field research and action planning where the stakeholders are treated as objects of research and passive recipients of development messages. The contribution of participatory learning and action in developing institutions appeared to vary across the five selected river basins, depending on thedegree to which stakeholder participation was forthcoming. This variation could be attributed to study constraints in terms of time and other resources, which acted differently on the five study teams. In some cases, conducting full-fledged participatory methods was not possible due to sociopolitical constraints, and in some others, time was too short to build sufficient awareness among the large number of stakeholders for meaningful participation. Of the five river basin case studies in China, Indonesia, Nepal, Philippines and Sri Lanka, satisfactory participation levels achieved in the cases of Sri Lanka, Philippines and Indonesia generated a momentum on their own, which helped them to initiate action plans for further institutional development.
Water Resources Policies in South Asia by Anjal Prakash,Sreoshi Singh,C. G. Goodrich,S. Janakarajan Pdf
Falling or stagnant agricultural growth, increasing dependence on groundwater, climate variability, swift industrialization, and unplanned and unregulated urbanization in South Asia have spawned a variety of challenges for water resources governance, management and use: groundwater overdraft; insufficient, ill-managed and poor-quality freshwater supply vis-à-vis escalating demand; and water pollution. Water policies in each of the South Asian countries thus call for a more holistic understanding for the efficient management, equitable distribution and sustainable use of this scarce resource. Analyzing the economic, demographic and ideological context in which water policies are framed and implemented, this book argues for an integrated framework in formulating and implementing water policies in South Asia. It also highlights some common missing links in the national policies: problems of techno-centric and blueprint approach to water management, growing influence of international donor agencies and inadequate concern for issues such as equity, sustainability, gender sensitivity, accountability, regional diversity in property rights regimes and water management practices, and regional conflicts over water access. The innovative and nuanced knowledge on water resources produced from detailed case studies in India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka will be useful for professionals, academics, policymakers and activists as well as those in development studies, environmental studies, natural resource management and public administration.
A Proposed Framework for Irrigation Management Transfer in Iran by Mehmood Ul Hassan,Asad Sarwar Qureshi,Nader Heydari Pdf
Iran is facing a serious water scarcity and the Government of Iran is trying to implement technical and institutional measures to meet the challenge. One of the key strategies being persuaded by the Iranian authorities is the devolution of management responsibility to users. Thus, irrigation management transfer (IMT) has been adopted as a key strategy to improve the operation and maintenance, and thereby reduce losses, and enhance the sustainability of irrigation infrastructure. However, IMT efforts are at an inception stage and are largely happening in areas where infrastructure is under rehabilitation. The key objective of this paper, thus, was to review the ongoing IMT efforts in the two provinces of Iran, as well as the lessons from the neighboring countries, and propose a viable framework for implementing IMT. To get the first hand information of the IMT activities in Iran, field visits were carried out in the provinces of Qazvin and Kermanshah where two big pilot projects are being carried out. For comparative analysis of the IMT situation in neighboring countries, a comprehensive review of experiences in Sri Lanka, India, Pakistan, Turkey and Central Asia was carried out through literature survey. Based on the synthesis of lessons from this exercise, the paper proposes a framework for irrigation management transfer in Iran.
The Oxford Handbook of Food, Water and Society by John Anthony Allan Pdf
Society's greatest use of water is in food production; a fact that puts farmers centre stage in global environmental management. Current management of food value chains, however, is not well set up to enable farmers to undertake their dual role of feeding a growing population and stewarding natural resources. The book considers the interconnected issues of real water in the environment and "virtual water" in food value chains and investigates how society influences both fields. This perspective draws out considerable challenges for food security and for environmental stewardship in the context of ongoing global change. The book discusses these issues by region and with global overviews of selected commodities. Innovation relevant to the kind of change needed for the current food system to meet future challenges is reviewed in light of the findings of the regional and thematic analysis.
Author : George Keith Pitman Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 152 pages File Size : 52,8 Mb Release : 2002-01-01 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : 0821351400
Bridging Troubled Waters by George Keith Pitman Pdf
Today, 166 million people in 18 countries lack access to adequate water resources, and it is estimated that by 2025, the number of people affected will increase to approximately three billion or 40 per cent of the worlds population. There is now an international consensus that the severity of the problem requires a strategic approach that emphasises the equitable and sustainable management of water resources. This report examines the implementation of the World Banks 1993 Water Resources Management policy and evaluates the effectiveness of strategies adopted which seek to address identified problems. It also makes recommendations for improving World Bank policy and strategy in the water sector.
Managing water for the poor: proceedings of the Regional Workshop on Pro-Poor Intervention Strategies in Irrigated Agriculture in Asia, Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan and Vietnam, Colombo, 9-10 August 2001. by Hussain, I.,Biltonen, E Pdf
Productivity and Performance of Irrigated Wheat Farms Across Canal Commands in the Lower Indus Basin by Intizar Hussain,Fuard Marikar,Waqar Ahmed Jehangir Pdf
A study of the enormous differences in agricultural productivity that exist across farms and regions in Pakistan, where, for example, recent farm-level data from Sindh, indicates that irrigated wheat output per hectare varies from 0.5 to 5.4 tons across farms. Looks at the central goal of agricultural policy in the country, viz. improving and sustaining productivity, narrowing the existing productivity gaps, and enhancing resource use efficiencies to meet food requirements of a rapidly growing population.
Predicting Water Availability in Irrigation Tank Cascade Systems by C. J. Jayatilaka,R. Sakthivadivel,Y. Shinogi,I.W. Makin,P. Witharana Pdf
Better water management in irrigation tank cascade systems is vital in achieving higher productive use of available water. To develop and implement management practices aimed at improving effective use of water, studies leading to the development of models that can predict available tank water in irrigation tank cascade systems are invaluable. This report presents a simple water balance model, Cascade, developed to predict tank water availability in the Thirappane tank cascade system in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. The report includes calibration of the model and its application to predict tank water availability for rice crops over a 10-year period.
An Assessment of the Small-Scale Irrigation Management Turnover Program in Indonesia by Douglas L. Vermillion,International Water Management Institute,Madar Samad,Suprodjo Pusposutardjo,Sigit S. Arif,Saiful Rochdyanto Pdf
Examines the extent to which the Government of Indonesia's aspirations were realized through turnover program adopted in 1987. The impacts of management turnover on irrigation management and irrigated agriculture in selected systems in West and Central Java are analyzed. This study is part of a comparative research program to examine the impacts of irrigation management transfer in several countries using a common methodology.
Water Scarcity and the Role of Storage in Development by Andrew A. Keller,R. Sakthivadivel,David William Seckler Pdf
Of the four major ways of storing water –in the soil profile, in underground aquifers, in small reservoirs, and in large reservoirs behind dams–the first is possible only for relatively short periods of time. In this paper, the authors concentrate on the three kinds of long-term technologies, and compare the hydrological, operational, economic and environmental aspects of each.
Institutional adaptation for integrated water resources management: An effective strategy for managing Asian River Basins by Bandaragoda, Jayatissa Pdf
In many developing countries, their governments dominate the field of water resources management. Even in “participatory irrigation management” efforts, the governments play a dominant role. As these efforts are rarely based on any internally generated demand from the water users, they usually fail to create viable organizations at the local level. A similar setback can be seen in the more recent institutional reforms in Asia’s water sector, which are promoted by the donor agencies and, national and international development professionals. A survey of experiences in Asian countries shows that no country has successfully completed establishing new water sector policies and laws and river basin organizations, as prescribed. The need to improve current performance of water resources management is widely appreciated.In managing the scarce water resources, a change in attitude and approach is seen to be essential. Participatory learning and action methods conducted in a study of selected river basins in five Asian countries surfaced a distinct need for coordination at the river basin level. They also indicated a clear stakeholder preference for establishing coordinating mechanisms, by way of adapting the existing institutions, as an initial step towards greater stakeholder control of river basin management. Essentially, cost-effective and contextually appropriate institutional arrangements were preferred over the prescribed standard models, in order to meet the varying needs related to integrated water resources management.
International Research on Natural Resource Management by Hermann Waibel,David Zilberman Pdf
Over the past two decades, significant investment has been made into agriculture-related natural resource management research in developing countries. This collection of case studies establishes a methodological foundation for impact assessments of NRMR through a discussion of research conducted by the CGIAR around the world.