Intelligence In Ape And Man Psychology Revivals

Author : David Premack
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134671885

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Intelligence in Ape and Man (Psychology Revivals) by David Premack Pdf

What is language and what is the nature of the intelligence that can acquire it? This volume, originally published in 1976, describes 10 years of research devoted to these questions. The author describes his programmatic research of decomposing language into atomic constituents, designing and applying training programs for teaching these to chimpanzees, and for teaching chimps major human ontological categories, as well as for interrogative, declarative, and imperative sentence forms. The volume details the progress from teaching apes simple predicates such as same–different, to more complex predicates such as if–then, and the success of the program led to the following questions directly related to intelligence: What made the training program effective? What is the cognitive equipment of the species which enables it to learn language? What does this tell us about human intelligence? The answers were suggested in terms of conceptual structure, representational capacity, memory and the ability to handle second-order relations. The results of this experimentation, which resulted in synonymy in some animals, shed light not only on the nature of language, but the nature of intelligence as well. One of the earliest ape language and intelligence studies, today this classic can be read and enjoyed again in its historical context.

Author : David Premack
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1315883651

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Intelligence in Ape and Man by David Premack Pdf

What is language and what is the nature of the intelligence that can acquire it? This volume, originally published in 1976, describes 10 years of research devoted to these questions. The author describes his programmatic research of decomposing language into atomic constituents, designing and applying training programs for teaching these to chimpanzees, and for teaching chimps major human ontological categories, as well as for interrogative, declarative, and imperative sentence forms. The volume details the progress from teaching apes simple predicates such as same-different, to more complex predicates such as if-then, and the success of the program led to the following questions directly related to intelligence: What made the training program effective? What is the cognitive equipment of the species which enables it to learn language? What does this tell us about human intelligence? The answers were suggested in terms of conceptual structure, representational capacity, memory and the ability to handle second-order relations. The results of this experimentation, which resulted in synonymy in some animals, shed light not only on the nature of language, but the nature of intelligence as well. One of the earliest ape language and intelligence studies, today this classic can be read and enjoyed again in its historical context.

Author : Duane M. Rumbaugh,David A. Washburn
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2008-10-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780300129359

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Intelligence of Apes and Other Rational Beings by Duane M. Rumbaugh,David A. Washburn Pdf

What is animal intelligence? In what ways is it similar to human intelligence? Many behavioral scientists have realized that animals can be rational, can think in abstract symbols, can understand and react to human speech, and can learn through observation as well as conditioning many of the more complicated skills of life. Now Duane Rumbaugh and David Washburn probe the mysteries of the animal mind even further, identifying an advanced level of animal behavior—emergents—that reflects animals’ natural and active inclination to make sense of the world. Rumbaugh and Washburn unify all behavior into a framework they call Rational Behaviorism and present it as a new way to understand learning, intelligence, and rational behavior in both animals and humans. Drawing on years of research on issues of complex learning and intelligence in primates (notably rhesus monkeys, chimpanzees, and bonobos), Rumbaugh and Washburn provide delightful examples of animal ingenuity and persistence, showing that animals are capable of very creative solutions to novel challenges. The authors analyze learning processes and research methods, discuss the meaningful differences across the primate order, and point the way to further advances, enlivening theoretical material about primates with stories about their behavior and achievements.

Author : Stephen Lea
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 143 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2015-03-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317531685

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Instinct, Environment and Behaviour (Psychology Revivals) by Stephen Lea Pdf

What can the evolution of animal behaviour tell us about human behaviour? More specifically, how good an account of animal behaviour can we give in terms of evolution, and how do humans fit in with or deviate from the pattern established for other animals? The biological approach to the study of animal behaviour has important implications for psychology, but it is distinctly different. Originally published in 1984, this book provides a basic introduction to biological theories about behaviour, from the classic ethological tradition of Lorenz and Tinbergen to the later sociobiological approach. The principles of experimentation and research involved are assessed critically, especially with regard to their implications for the study of human behaviour. Written specifically for those with little biological knowledge, this book will still be of interest to students of biology and introductory psychology alike.

Author : D.O. Hebb,D.C. Donderi
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013-12-19
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317819745

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Textbook of Psychology (Psychology Revivals) by D.O. Hebb,D.C. Donderi Pdf

Donald Hebb was one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century and the first version of this textbook was written in 1958. This 4th edition, co-authored with Donderi, was originally published in 1987 and the object of the book was to introduce the student to the scientific study of the human mind and behaviour. The authors’ concern was with scientific psychology and fundamental principles. They felt this understanding was the best preparation to following future developments in psychological knowledge and to understand the changes in how that knowledge was applied. Although psychology has developed in many directions since its publication, much of the information in this book is still relevant today.

Author : Wolfgang Kohler
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-11
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781351294942

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The Mentality of Apes by Wolfgang Kohler Pdf

Wolfgang Koehler demonstrated that chimpanzees could solve problems by applying insight. His research showed that the intellectual gap between humans and chimpanzees was much narrower than previously thought. The work was revolutionary when originally published in 1917 in German, but it was largely ignored for decades because it violated the conventional wisdom that animal behavior is simply the result of instinct or conditioning. However, Koehler's research showed this was not the case. He used four chimps in his experiments, Chica, Grande, Konsul, and Sultan. The experiments consisted of placing chimpanzees in an enclosed area and presenting them with a desired object that was out of reach. In one experiment, Koehler placed bananas outside Sultan's cage and two bamboo sticks inside his cage which needed to be put together to reach the bananas. Koehler demonstrated the solution to Sultan by putting his fingers into the end of one of the sticks. After some contemplation, Sultan put the two sticks together and was able to reach the bananas. As Jaan Valsiner shows in his introduction to this classic work, Koehler's analysis of the intelligence of apes marked a turning point in the psychology of thinking and the continuing struggle between behaviorism and cognitive psychology. Koehler achieved his two-fold aim: to determine the relationship between the intellectual capacity of higher primates and man, and to gain insight into the nature of intelligent acts.

Author : Wolfgang Köhler
Publisher : Routledge & Kegan Paul Books
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Psychology
ISBN : IND:32000011250760

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The Mentality of Apes by Wolfgang Köhler Pdf

Author : Anne E. Russon,David R. Begun
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2007-07-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139451383

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The Evolution of Thought by Anne E. Russon,David R. Begun Pdf

Research on the evolution of higher intelligence rarely combines data from fields as diverse as paleontology and psychology. In this volume we seek to do just that, synthesizing the approaches of hominoid cognition, psychology, language studies, ecology, evolution, paleoecology and systematics toward an understanding of great ape intelligence. Leading scholars from all these fields have been asked to evaluate the manner in which each of their topics of research inform our understanding of the evolution of intelligence in great apes and humans. The ideas thus assembled represent a comprehensive survey of the various causes and consequences of cognitive evolution in great apes. The Evolution of Thought will therefore be an essential reference for graduate students and researchers in evolutionary psychology, paleoanthropology and primatology.

Author : Richard W. Byrne
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Animal intelligence
ISBN : 9780198522652

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The Thinking Ape by Richard W. Byrne Pdf

"Intelligence" has long been considered to be a feature unique to human beings, giving us the capacity to imagine, to think, to deceive, to make complex connections between cause and effect, to devise elaborate stategies for solving problems. However, like all our other features, intelligenceis a product of evolutionary change. Until recently, it was difficult to obtain evidence of this process from the frail testimony of a few bones and stone tools. It has become clear in the last 15 years that the origins of human intelligence can be investigated by the comparative study ofprimates, our closest non-human relatives, giving strong impetus to the case for an "evolutionary psychology", the scientific study of the mind.

Author : William McDougall
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2015-06-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317443278

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The Energies of Men (Psychology Revivals) by William McDougall Pdf

First published in 1932, the original blurb states: "This is a simplified condensation of the author’s two volumes, An Outline of Psychology and An Outline of Abnormal Psychology, which together give a comprehensive survey of the principles and findings of modern psychology. This is designed as an introduction to the scientific study of man and society for those who have not time or inclination to pursue the more recondite problems of mind. It is suitable for college use in the introductory course. It concentrates on the dynamics of the human organism and aims to give the student that minimum acquaintance with psychology without which he is not fitted to be a citizen of the modern world." Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.

Author : Sue Taylor Parker,Kathleen Rita Gibson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 622 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1994-01-28
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0521459699

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'Language' and Intelligence in Monkeys and Apes by Sue Taylor Parker,Kathleen Rita Gibson Pdf

This is the first collection of articles completely and explicitly devoted to the new field of 'comparative developmental evolutionary psychology' - that is, to studies of primate abilities based on frameworks drawn from developmental psychology and evolutionary biology. These frameworks include Piagetian and neo-Piagetian models as well as psycholinguistic ones. The articles in this collection - originating in Japan, Spain, Italy, France, Canada and the United States - represent a variety of backgrounds in human and nonhuman primate research, including psycholinguistics, developmental psychology, cultural and physical anthropology, ethology, and comparative psychology. The book focuses on such areas as the nature of culture, intelligence, language, and imitation; the differences among species in mental abilities and developmental patterns; and the evolution of life histories and of mental abilities and their neurological bases. The species studied include the African grey parrot, cebus and macaque monkeys, gorillas, orangutans, and both common and pygmy chimpanzees.

Author : Anne E. Russon,Kim A. Bard,Sue Taylor Parker
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1998-11-26
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0521644968

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Reaching Into Thought by Anne E. Russon,Kim A. Bard,Sue Taylor Parker Pdf

This book investigates current field and theoretical information on great ape cognition.

Author : Andrew Whiten,Richard W. Byrne
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1997-09-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521559499

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Machiavellian Intelligence II by Andrew Whiten,Richard W. Byrne Pdf

Extends and evaluates the Machiavellian Intelligence Hypothesis for intelligence's social basis.

Author : Richard W. Byrne,Andrew Whiten
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:49015000979246

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Machiavellian Intelligence by Richard W. Byrne,Andrew Whiten Pdf

This book presents an alternative to conventional ideas about the evolution of the human intellect. Instead of placing top priority on the role of tools, the pressure for their skillful use, and the related importance of interpersonal communication as a means for enhanced cooperation, this volume explores quite a different idea-- that the driving force in the evolution of human intellect was social expertise--a force which enabled the manipulation of others within the social group, who themselves are seen as posing the most challenging problems faced by primitive humans. The need to outwit one's clever colleagues then produces an evolutionary spiraling of "Machiavellian intelligence." The book forms a complete and self-contained text on this fast-growing topic. It includes the origins of the basic premise and a wealth of exciting developments, described by an international team of authors from the fields of anthropology, psychology, and zoology. An evaluation of more traditional approaches is also undertaken, with a view to discovering to what extent Machiavellian intelligence represents a complementary concept or one that is truly an alternative. Readers and students will find this fascinating volume carries them to the frontiers of scientific work on the origin of human intellect.

Author : Victoria Hazlitt
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-26
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135073336

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Ability (Psychology Revivals) by Victoria Hazlitt Pdf

Originally published in 1926, the first part of this book attempted to formulate a theory of ability in the light of recent experimental results of the time. It discusses the nature of intelligence and the problem of special abilities, and includes a study of some typical forms of genius. The second part gives an account of a three years’ experimental study of special abilities in arts and science respectively, carried out upon university students. Samples of the tests employed are included. The results are presented in non-technical form. Victoria Hazlitt was a pioneer of experimental psychology, which was particularly significant as a woman in the early twentieth century. In many cases her work anticipated later developments in psychology by many years. Today it can be enjoyed in its historical context.