Interacting Electrons In Reduced Dimensions

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Interacting Electrons in Reduced Dimensions

Dionys Baeriswyl,David K. Campbell
Interacting Electrons in Reduced Dimensions Book PDF

Author : Dionys Baeriswyl,David K. Campbell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461305651

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Interacting Electrons in Reduced Dimensions by Dionys Baeriswyl,David K. Campbell Pdf

As its name suggests, the 1988 workshop on "Interacting Electrons in Reduced Dimen the wide variety of physical effects that are associated with (possibly sions" focused on strongly) correlated electrons interacting in quasi-one- and quasi-two-dimensional mate rials. Among the phenomena discussed were superconductivity, magnetic ordering, the metal-insulator transition, localization, the fractional Quantum Hall effect (QHE), Peierls and spin-Peierls transitions, conductance fluctuations and sliding charge-density (CDW) and spin-density (SDW) waves. That these effects appear most pronounced in systems of reduced dimensionality was amply demonstrated at the meeting. Indeed, when concrete illustrations were presented, they typically involved chain-like materials such as conjugated polymers, inorganic CDW systems and organie conductors, or layered materials such as high-temperature copper-oxide superconductors, certain of the organic superconductors, and the QHE samples, or devices where the electrons are confined to a restricted region of sample, e. g. , the depletion layer of a MOSFET. To enable this broad subject to be covered in thirty-five lectures (and ab out half as many posters), the workshop was deliberately focused on theoretical models for these phenomena and on methods for describing as faithfully as possible the "true" behav ior of these models. This latter emphasis was especially important, since the inherently many-body nature of problems involving interacting electrons renders conventional effec tive single-particle/mean-field methods (e. g. , Hartree-Fock or the local-density approxi mation in density-functional theory) highly suspect. Again, this is particularly true in reduced dimensions, where strong quantum fluctuations can invalidate mean-field results.

Electron-phonon Interactions in Low-dimensional Structures

Lawrence John Challis
Electron phonon Interactions in Low dimensional Structures Book PDF

Author : Lawrence John Challis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Science
ISBN : 0198507321

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Electron-phonon Interactions in Low-dimensional Structures by Lawrence John Challis Pdf

The study of electrons and holes confined to two, one and even zero dimensions has uncovered a rich variety of new physics and applications. This book describes the interaction between these confined carriers and the optic and acoustic phonons within and around the confined regions. Phonons provide the principal channel of energy transfer between the carriers and their surroundings and also the main restriction to their room temperature mobility. But they have many other roles; they provide for example an essential feature of the operation of the quantum cascade laser. Since their moment at the relevant energies are well matched to those of electrons, they can also be used to probe electronic properties such as the confinement width of 2D electron gases and the dispersion curve of quasiparticles in the fractional quantum Hall effect. The book describes both the physics of the electron-phonon interaction in the different confined systems and the experimental and theoretical techniques that have been used in its investigation. The experimental methods include optical and transport techniques as well techniques in which phonons are used as the experimental probe. The aim of the book is to provide an up-to-date review of the physics and its significance in device performance. It is also written to be explanatory and accessible to graduate students and others new to the field.

Interacting Electrons

Richard M. Martin,Lucia Reining,David M. Ceperley
Interacting Electrons Book PDF

Author : Richard M. Martin,Lucia Reining,David M. Ceperley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 843 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-30
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780521871501

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Interacting Electrons by Richard M. Martin,Lucia Reining,David M. Ceperley Pdf

This book sets out modern methods of computing properties of materials, including essential theoretical background, computational approaches, practical guidelines and instructive applications.

Electron-phonon Interaction In Oxide Superconductors - Proceedings Of The First Cinvestav Superconductivity Symposium

Rafael Baquero
Electron phonon Interaction In Oxide Superconductors Proceedings Of The First Cinvestav Superconductivity Symposium Book PDF

Author : Rafael Baquero
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1991-12-31
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814555937

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Electron-phonon Interaction In Oxide Superconductors - Proceedings Of The First Cinvestav Superconductivity Symposium by Rafael Baquero Pdf

Contents:Lattice Vibrations of the Cuprate Superconductors (W Reichardt et al)Evidence of Strong Electron-Phonon Interaction from the Infrared Spectra of YBa2Cu3O7 (T Timusk & D B Tanner)Electron-Phonon Interaction and Infrared Spectra of High Temperature Superconductors (O V Dolgov et al)Tunneling Studies of Bimuthate and Cuprate Superconductors (J F Zasadzinski et al)Phonon Mechanism of the High Tc Superconductivity Based on the Tunneling Structure (D Shimada et al)Lattice Instabilities in High Temperature Superconductors: The X Tilt Point Energy Surface for La2-xBaxCuO4 (W E Pickett et al)Structural Instability and Strong Coupling in Oxide Superconductors (N M Plakida)On the Isotope Effect (J P Carbotte)Electron-Phonon Coupling, Oxygen Isotope Effect and Superconductivity in Ba1-xKxBio3 (C K Loong et al)Weak Coupling Theory of the High-Tc Superconductors Based on the Electron-Phonon Interaction (J Labbé)Phonon Self-Energy Effects in Migdal-Eliashberg Theory (F Marsiglio)Electron-Phonon Interaction and Superconductivity in BaxK1-xBiO3 (K Motizuki et al)The Effect of Strong Coulomb Correlations on Electron-Phonon Interactions in the Copper Oxides: Implications for Transport (J H Kim et al)Zinc Substitution Effects on the Superconducting Properties for Ld1.85Ce0.15CuO4-δ (V García-Vázquez et al)Manifestations of the e-ph Interaction: A Summary (R Baquero) Readership: Condensed matter physicists, applied physicists, chemists, electrical engineers and materials scientists. keywords:

Strong Interactions in Low Dimensions

D. Baeriswyl,L. Degiorgi
Strong Interactions in Low Dimensions Book PDF

Author : D. Baeriswyl,L. Degiorgi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2007-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402034633

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Strong Interactions in Low Dimensions by D. Baeriswyl,L. Degiorgi Pdf

This book provides an attempt to convey the colorful facets of condensed matter systems with reduced dimensionality. Some of the specific features predicted for interacting one-dimensional electron systems, such as charge- and spin-density waves, have been observed in many quasi-one-dimensional materials. The two-dimensional world is even richer: besides d-wave superconductivity and the Quantum Hall Effect - perhaps the most spectacular phases explored during the last two decades - many collective charge and spin states have captured the interest of researchers, such as charge stripes or spontaneously generated circulating currents. Recent years have witnessed important progress in material preparation, measurement techniques and theoretical methods. Today larger and better samples, higher flux for neutron beams, advanced light sources, better resolution in electron spectroscopy, new computational algorithms, and the development of field-theoretical approaches allow an in-depth analysis of the complex many-body behaviour of low-dimensional materials. The epoch when simple mean-field arguments were sufficient for describing the gross features observed experimentally is definitely over. The Editors' aim is to thoroughly explain a number of selected topics: the application of dynamical probes, such as neutron scattering, optical absorption and photoemission, as well as transport studies, both electrical and thermal. Some of the more theoretical chapters are directly relevant for experiments, such as optical spectroscopy, transport in one-dimensional models, and the phenomenology of charge inhomogeneities in layered materials, while others discuss more general topics and methods, for example the concept of a Luttinger liquid and bosonization, or duality transformations, both promising tools for treating strongly interacting many-body systems.

Science and Engineering of One- and Zero-Dimensional Semiconductors

Steven P. Beaumont,Clivia M. Sotomayor Torres
Science and Engineering of One and Zero Dimensional Semiconductors Book PDF

Author : Steven P. Beaumont,Clivia M. Sotomayor Torres
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468457339

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Science and Engineering of One- and Zero-Dimensional Semiconductors by Steven P. Beaumont,Clivia M. Sotomayor Torres Pdf

This volume comprises the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on the Science and Engineering of 1- and O-dimensional semiconductors held at the University of Cadiz from 29th March to 1st April 1989, under the auspices of the NATO International Scientific Exchange Program. There is a wealth of scientific activity on the properties of two-dimensional semiconductors arising largely from the ease with which such structures can now be grown by precision epitaxy techniques or created by inversion at the silicon-silicon dioxide interface. Only recently, however, has there burgeoned an interest in the properties of structures in which carriers are further confined with only one or, in the extreme, zero degrees of freedom. This workshop was one of the first meetings to concentrate almost exclusively on this subject: that the attendance of some forty researchers only represented the community of researchers in the field testifies to its rapid expansion, which has arisen from the increasing availability of technologies for fabricating structures with small enough (sub - O. I/tm) dimensions. Part I of this volume is a short section on important topics in nanofabrication. It should not be assumed from the brevity of this section that there is little new to be said on this issue: rather that to have done justice to it would have diverted attention from the main purpose of the meeting which was to highlight experimental and theoretical research on the structures themselves.

Dissipative Quantum Mechanics of Nanostructures

Andrei D. Zaikin,Dmitry Golubev
Dissipative Quantum Mechanics of Nanostructures Book PDF

Author : Andrei D. Zaikin,Dmitry Golubev
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000024203

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Dissipative Quantum Mechanics of Nanostructures by Andrei D. Zaikin,Dmitry Golubev Pdf

Continuing miniaturization of electronic devices, together with the quickly growing number of nanotechnological applications, demands a profound understanding of the underlying physics. Most of the fundamental problems of modern condensed matter physics involve various aspects of quantum transport and fluctuation phenomena at the nanoscale. In nanostructures, electrons are usually confined to a limited volume and interact with each other and lattice ions, simultaneously suffering multiple scattering events on impurities, barriers, surface imperfections, and other defects. Electron interaction with other degrees of freedom generally yields two major consequences, quantum dissipation and quantum decoherence. In other words, electrons can lose their energy and ability for quantum interference even at very low temperatures. These two different, but related, processes are at the heart of all quantum phenomena discussed in this book. This book presents copious details to facilitate the understanding of the basic physics behind a result and the learning to technically reproduce the result without delving into extra literature. The book subtly balances the description of theoretical methods and techniques and the display of the rich landscape of the physical phenomena that can be accessed by these methods. It is useful for a broad readership ranging from master’s and PhD students to postdocs and senior researchers.

Low-Dimensional Systems

Tobias Brandes
Low Dimensional Systems Book PDF

Author : Tobias Brandes
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2000-04-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540672371

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Low-Dimensional Systems by Tobias Brandes Pdf

Experimental progress over the past few years has made it possible to test a n- ber of fundamental physical concepts related to the motion of electrons in low dimensions. The production and experimental control of novel structures with typical sizes in the sub-micrometer regime has now become possible. In parti- lar, semiconductors are widely used in order to con?ne the motion of electrons in two-dimensional heterostructures. The quantum Hall e?ect was one of the ?rst highlights of the new physics that is revealed by this con?nement. In a further step of the technological development in semiconductor-heterostructures, other arti?cial devices such as quasi one-dimensional ‘quantum wires’ and ‘quantum dots’ (arti?cial atoms) have also been produced. These structures again di?er very markedly from three- and two-dimensional systems, especially in relation to the transport of electrons and the interaction with light. Although the technol- ical advances and the experimental skills connected with these new structures are progressing extremely fast, our theoretical understanding of the physical e?ects (such as the quantum Hall e?ect) is still at a very rudimentary level. In low-dimensional structures, the interaction of electrons with one another and with other degrees of freedoms such as lattice vibrations or light gives rise to new phenomena that are very di?erent from those familiar in the bulk ma- rial. The theoretical formulation of the electronic transport properties of small devices may be considered well-established, provided interaction processes are neglected.

Interacting Electrons and Quantum Magnetism

Assa Auerbach
Interacting Electrons and Quantum Magnetism Book PDF

Author : Assa Auerbach
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461208693

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Interacting Electrons and Quantum Magnetism by Assa Auerbach Pdf

In the excitement and rapid pace of developments, writing pedagogical texts has low priority for most researchers. However, in transforming my lecture l notes into this book, I found a personal benefit: the organization of what I understand in a (hopefully simple) logical sequence. Very little in this text is my original contribution. Most of the knowledge was collected from the research literature. Some was acquired by conversations with colleagues; a kind of physics oral tradition passed between disciples of a similar faith. For many years, diagramatic perturbation theory has been the major theoretical tool for treating interactions in metals, semiconductors, itiner ant magnets, and superconductors. It is in essence a weak coupling expan sion about free quasiparticles. Many experimental discoveries during the last decade, including heavy fermions, fractional quantum Hall effect, high temperature superconductivity, and quantum spin chains, are not readily accessible from the weak coupling point of view. Therefore, recent years have seen vigorous development of alternative, nonperturbative tools for handling strong electron-electron interactions. I concentrate on two basic paradigms of strongly interacting (or con strained) quantum systems: the Hubbard model and the Heisenberg model. These models are vehicles for fundamental concepts, such as effective Ha miltonians, variational ground states, spontaneous symmetry breaking, and quantum disorder. In addition, they are used as test grounds for various nonperturbative approximation schemes that have found applications in diverse areas of theoretical physics.

Correlation Effects in Low-Dimensional Electron Systems

Ayao Okiji,Norio Kawakami
Correlation Effects in Low Dimensional Electron Systems Book PDF

Author : Ayao Okiji,Norio Kawakami
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642851292

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Correlation Effects in Low-Dimensional Electron Systems by Ayao Okiji,Norio Kawakami Pdf

Correlation Effects in Low-Dimensional Electron Systems describes recent developments in theoretical condensed-matter physics, emphasizing exact solutions in one dimension including conformal-field theoretical approaches, the application of quantum groups, and numerical diagonalization techniques. Various key properties are presented for two-dimensional, highly correlated electron systems.

Electron-Electron Correlation Effects in Low-Dimensional Conductors and Superconductors

Alexandr A. Ovchinnikov,Ivan I. Ukrainskii
Electron Electron Correlation Effects in Low Dimensional Conductors and Superconductors Book PDF

Author : Alexandr A. Ovchinnikov,Ivan I. Ukrainskii
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642767531

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Electron-Electron Correlation Effects in Low-Dimensional Conductors and Superconductors by Alexandr A. Ovchinnikov,Ivan I. Ukrainskii Pdf

Advances in the physics and chemistry of low-dimensional systems have been really magnificent in the last few decades. Hundreds of quasi-one-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional systems have been synthesized and studied. The most popular representatives of quasi-one-dimensional materials are polyacethylenes CH [1] and conducting donor-acceptor molecular crystals TIF z TCNQ. Examples of quasi-two-dimensional systems are high temperature su perconductors (HTSC) based on copper oxides LA2CU04, YBa2Cu306+y and organic superconductors based on BEDT -TIP molecules. The properties of such one- and two-dimensional materials are not yet fully understood. On the one hand, the equations of motion of one-dimensional sys tems are rather simple, which facilitates rigorous solutions of model problems. On the other hand, manifestations of various interactions in one-dimensional systems are rather peculiar. This refers, in particular, to electron--electron and electron-phonon interactions. Even within the limit of a weak coupling con stant electron--electron correlations produce an energy gap in the spectrum of one-dimensional metals implying a Mott transition from metal to semiconductor state. In all these cases perturbation theory is inapplicable. Which is one of the main difficulties on the way towards a comprehensive theory of quasi-one-dimensional systems. - This meeting held at the Institute for Theoretical Physics in Kiev May 15-18 1990 was devoted to related problems. The papers selected for this volume are grouped into three sections.

Finite Size Effects in Correlated Electron Models

Andrei A. Zvyagin
Finite Size Effects in Correlated Electron Models Book PDF

Author : Andrei A. Zvyagin
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781860945038

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Finite Size Effects in Correlated Electron Models by Andrei A. Zvyagin Pdf

The book presents exact results for one-dimensional models (including quantum spin models) of strongly correlated electrons in a comprehensive and concise manner. It incorporates important results related to magnetic and hybridization impurities in electron hosts and contains exact original results for disordered ensembles of impurities in interacting systems. These models describe a number of real low-dimensional electron systems that are widely used in nanophysics and microelectronics.An important method of modern theoretical and mathematical physics — the Bethe's Ansatz (BA) — is introduced to readers. This book presents different forms of the BA for periodic and open quantum chains. Other forms dealt with are the co-ordinate BA, thermodynamic BA, nested BA, algebraic BA, and thermal BA. The book also contains a compact description of other theoretical methods such as scaling, conformal field theory, Abelian and non-Abelian bosonizations.The book is suitable for use as a textbook by graduate students in non-perturbative methods of low-dimensional quantum many-body theory. It will also be a useful source of reference for qualified physicists, as well as non-experts in low-dimensional physics, as it explores material necessary for further studies in the fields of exactly solvable quantum models and low-dimensional correlated electron systems.