International Differences In Mortality At Older Ages

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Divergent Trends in Longevity in High-Income Countries
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2011-02-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309157339

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International Differences in Mortality at Older Ages by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Divergent Trends in Longevity in High-Income Countries Pdf

In 1950 men and women in the United States had a combined life expectancy of 68.9 years, the 12th highest life expectancy at birth in the world. Today, life expectancy is up to 79.2 years, yet the country is now 28th on the list, behind the United Kingdom, Korea, Canada, and France, among others. The United States does have higher rates of infant mortality and violent deaths than in other developed countries, but these factors do not fully account for the country's relatively poor ranking in life expectancy. International Differences in Mortality at Older Ages: Dimensions and Sources examines patterns in international differences in life expectancy above age 50 and assesses the evidence and arguments that have been advanced to explain the poor position of the United States relative to other countries. The papers in this deeply researched volume identify gaps in measurement, data, theory, and research design and pinpoint areas for future high-priority research in this area. In addition to examining the differences in mortality around the world, the papers in International Differences in Mortality at Older Ages look at health factors and life-style choices commonly believed to contribute to the observed international differences in life expectancy. They also identify strategic opportunities for health-related interventions. This book offers a wide variety of disciplinary and scholarly perspectives to the study of mortality, and it offers in-depth analyses that can serve health professionals, policy makers, statisticians, and researchers.

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Divergent Trends in Longevity in High-Income Countries
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2011-06-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309217101

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Explaining Divergent Levels of Longevity in High-Income Countries by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Divergent Trends in Longevity in High-Income Countries Pdf

During the last 25 years, life expectancy at age 50 in the United States has been rising, but at a slower pace than in many other high-income countries, such as Japan and Australia. This difference is particularly notable given that the United States spends more on health care than any other nation. Concerned about this divergence, the National Institute on Aging asked the National Research Council to examine evidence on its possible causes. According to Explaining Divergent Levels of Longevity in High-Income Countries, the nation's history of heavy smoking is a major reason why lifespans in the United States fall short of those in many other high-income nations. Evidence suggests that current obesity levels play a substantial part as well. The book reports that lack of universal access to health care in the U.S. also has increased mortality and reduced life expectancy, though this is a less significant factor for those over age 65 because of Medicare access. For the main causes of death at older ages -- cancer and cardiovascular disease -- available indicators do not suggest that the U.S. health care system is failing to prevent deaths that would be averted elsewhere. In fact, cancer detection and survival appear to be better in the U.S. than in most other high-income nations, and survival rates following a heart attack also are favorable. Explaining Divergent Levels of Longevity in High-Income Countries identifies many gaps in research. For instance, while lung cancer deaths are a reliable marker of the damage from smoking, no clear-cut marker exists for obesity, physical inactivity, social integration, or other risks considered in this book. Moreover, evaluation of these risk factors is based on observational studies, which -- unlike randomized controlled trials -- are subject to many biases.

Author : National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Committee on Population,Committee on Rising Midlife Mortality Rates and Socioeconomic Disparities
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021-12-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0309684730

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High and Rising Mortality Rates Among Working-Age Adults by National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on National Statistics,Committee on Population,Committee on Rising Midlife Mortality Rates and Socioeconomic Disparities Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309264143

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U.S. Health in International Perspective by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries Pdf

The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.

Author : Jean-Marie Robine,Eileen M. Crimmins,Shiro Horiuchi,Yi Zeng
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2007-03-21
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781402048487

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Human Longevity, Individual Life Duration, and the Growth of the Oldest-Old Population by Jean-Marie Robine,Eileen M. Crimmins,Shiro Horiuchi,Yi Zeng Pdf

Old-age survival has considerably improved in the second half of the twentieth century. Why has such a substantial extension of human lifespan occurred? How long can we live? In this book, these fundamental questions are explored by experts from diverse fields. They report on recent cutting-edge studies about essential issues of human longevity and social factors of long survival in old age.

Author : Sarah B. Laditka
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2014-06-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781317956006

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Health Expectations for Older Women by Sarah B. Laditka Pdf

Explore international trends in health and longevity--with a special focus on older women! This essential book examines the latest research on life expectancy and “active life expectancy”--the number of years that women can expect to live free from major disability--in developed and developing countries around the world. It also explores the policy implications of the contributors’ findings. Here you'll find a global study using data from the World Health Organization, a European study using data from OECD countries, and studies of women in the United Kingdom, Fiji, The Netherlands, Japan, Canada, and the United States. With contributions from demographers, economists, epidemiologists, gerontologists, medical statisticians, policy analysts, physicians, public health directors, and sociologists, International Perspectives on Health Expectancies for Older Women compares mortality and morbidity trends in various populations. In addition to reviewing the current literature on active life expectancy, this informative book looks at: the distribution of total, unimpaired, and impaired life for several groups of older women defined by race, education, and marital history gender differences in health profiles in The Netherlands gender differences in life with and without six major diseases, including both morbid and mortal conditions in the United States how mortality and morbidity patterns differ for Canadian women and men 45 years of age and older, focusing on risk factors and chronic conditions such as low income, low education, abnormal body mass index, lack of physical activity, smoking, cancer, diabetes, and arthritis patterns of healthy life expectancy for older women around the globe a comparison of the development and progression of physical disability in Japanese men and women and more!

Author : Donald A. P. Bundy,Nilanthi de Silva,Susan Horton,Dean T. Jamison
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2017-11-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781464804397

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Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 8) by Donald A. P. Bundy,Nilanthi de Silva,Susan Horton,Dean T. Jamison Pdf

More children born today will survive to adulthood than at any time in history. It is now time to emphasize health and development in middle childhood and adolescence--developmental phases that are critical to health in adulthood and the next generation. Child and Adolescent Health and Development explores the benefits that accrue from sustained and targeted interventions across the first two decades of life. The volume outlines the investment case for effective, costed, and scalable interventions for low-resource settings, emphasizing the cross-sectoral role of education. This evidence base can guide policy makers in prioritizing actions to promote survival, health, cognition, and physical growth throughout childhood and adolescence.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2018-07-21
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309474108

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Future Directions for the Demography of Aging by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population Pdf

Almost 25 years have passed since the Demography of Aging (1994) was published by the National Research Council. Future Directions for the Demography of Aging is, in many ways, the successor to that original volume. The Division of Behavioral and Social Research at the National Institute on Aging (NIA) asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to produce an authoritative guide to new directions in demography of aging. The papers published in this report were originally presented and discussed at a public workshop held in Washington, D.C., August 17-18, 2017. The workshop discussion made evident that major new advances had been made in the last two decades, but also that new trends and research directions have emerged that call for innovative conceptual, design, and measurement approaches. The report reviews these recent trends and also discusses future directions for research on a range of topics that are central to current research in the demography of aging. Looking back over the past two decades of demography of aging research shows remarkable advances in our understanding of the health and well-being of the older population. Equally exciting is that this report sets the stage for the next two decades of innovative researchâ€"a period of rapid growth in the older American population.

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1994-02-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309050852

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Demography of Aging by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population Pdf

As the United States and the rest of the world face the unprecedented challenge of aging populations, this volume draws together for the first time state-of-the-art work from the emerging field of the demography of aging. The nine chapters, written by experts from a variety of disciplines, highlight data sources and research approaches, results, and proposed strategies on a topic with major policy implications for labor forces, economic well-being, health care, and the need for social and family supports.

Author : Jon Anson,Marc Luy
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2016-09-03
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 3319353527

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Mortality in an International Perspective by Jon Anson,Marc Luy Pdf

This volume presents a state of the art coverage of the measurement and evolution of mortality over time. It describes in great detail the changes in the cause patterns of mortality, the changes in mortality patterns at different ages, and specific analyses of mortality in particular countries. Derived from a meeting of the European Working Group on Health, Morbidity and Mortality held at the Vienna Institute of Demography, September 2011, it presents a cross-section of the work and concerns of mortality researchers across Europe, ranging from London and Madrid in the west to Moscow in the east, with a few additions from further afield. Although most of the papers focus on a particular population, the range of the papers is broad; taken together they present an inter-disciplinary cross-section of this multi-faceted field. Coverage includes estimating life expectancy in small areas, with an application to recent changes in US counties; socioeconomic determinants of mortality in Europe using the latest available data and short-term forecasts; predicting mortality from profiles of biological risk and performance measures of functioning; infant mortality measurement and rate of progress on international commitment using evidence from Argentina; avoidable factors contributing to maternal deaths in Turkey; changes in mortality at older ages: the case of Spain (1975- 2006); variable scales of avoidable mortality within the Russian population; long-term mortality decline in East Asia, and much more. Perspectives in Mortality Research will serve as a valuable resource for professionals and students in sociology, demography, public health and personal finance.

Author : United Nations
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2019-12-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210045537

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World Population Ageing 2019 Highlights by United Nations Pdf

Drawing on the 2019 revision of World Population Prospects, the World Population Ageing 2019 (Highlights) document global and regional trends in population ageing, including consideration of the implications of these trends for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. The report also presents various concepts and indicators related to population ageing and discusses related fiscal and economic implications.

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2015-10-22
Category : Family & Relationships
ISBN : 9789241565042

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World Report on Ageing and Health by World Health Organization Pdf

The WHO World report on ageing and health is not for the book shelf it is a living breathing testament to all older people who have fought for their voice to be heard at all levels of government across disciplines and sectors. - Mr Bjarne Hastrup President International Federation on Ageing and CEO DaneAge This report outlines a framework for action to foster Healthy Ageing built around the new concept of functional ability. This will require a transformation of health systems away from disease based curative models and towards the provision of older-person-centred and integrated care. It will require the development sometimes from nothing of comprehensive systems of long term care. It will require a coordinated response from many other sectors and multiple levels of government. And it will need to draw on better ways of measuring and monitoring the health and functioning of older populations. These actions are likely to be a sound investment in society's future. A future that gives older people the freedom to live lives that previous generations might never have imagined. The World report on ageing and health responds to these challenges by recommending equally profound changes in the way health policies for ageing populations are formulated and services are provided. As the foundation for its recommendations the report looks at what the latest evidence has to say about the ageing process noting that many common perceptions and assumptions about older people are based on outdated stereotypes. The report's recommendations are anchored in the evidence comprehensive and forward-looking yet eminently practical. Throughout examples of experiences from different countries are used to illustrate how specific problems can be addressed through innovation solutions. Topics explored range from strategies to deliver comprehensive and person-centred services to older populations to policies that enable older people to live in comfort and safety to ways to correct the problems and injustices inherent in current systems for long-term care.

Author : Caleb E. Finch,Committee on Population
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1997-10-29
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : NAP:13236

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Between Zeus and the Salmon by Caleb E. Finch,Committee on Population Pdf

Demographers and public health specialists have been surprised by the rapid increases in life expectancy, especially at the oldest ages, that have occurred since the early 1960s. Some scientists are calling into question the idea of a fixed upper limit for the human life span. There is new evidence about the genetic bases for both humans and other species. There are also new theories and models of the role of mutations accumulating over the life span and the possible evolutionary advantages of survival after the reproductive years. This volume deals with such diverse topics as the role of the elderly in other species and among human societies past and present, the contribution of evolutionary theory to our understanding of human longevity and intergenerational transfers, mathematical models for survival, and the potential for collecting genetic material in household surveys. It will be particularly valuable for promoting communication between the social and life sciences.

Author : United Nations
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2019-12-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789210046794

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World Mortality 2019: Data Booklet by United Nations Pdf

The data booklet presents key mortality indicators at the national, regional, and global level during 1950-2030. It highlights variations among countries in a number of mortality indicators: annual deaths; crude death rates; life expectancy at birth by sex; infant mortality; under-five mortality; and probabilities of dying from age 15 to age 60 and from birth to age 70. Estimates of mortality are complemented by information on the age distribution of deaths.

Author : Kevin G. Kinsella,Victoria Averil Velkoff
Publisher : Bureau of Census
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Political Science
ISBN : MINN:31951D02013769Q

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An Aging World by Kevin G. Kinsella,Victoria Averil Velkoff Pdf

Provides statistical information on the worldwide population of people 65 years old or older.