Introduction To Statistics For Forensic Scientists

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Introduction to Statistics for Forensic Scientists

David Lucy
Introduction to Statistics for Forensic Scientists Book PDF

Author : David Lucy
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2013-05-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118700105

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Introduction to Statistics for Forensic Scientists by David Lucy Pdf

Introduction to Statistics for Forensic Scientists is an essential introduction to the subject, gently guiding the reader through the key statistical techniques used to evaluate various types of forensic evidence. Assuming only a modest mathematical background, the book uses real-life examples from the forensic science literature and forensic case-work to illustrate relevant statistical concepts and methods. Opening with a brief overview of the history and use of statistics within forensic science, the text then goes on to introduce statistical techniques commonly used to examine data obtained during laboratory experiments. There is a strong emphasis on the evaluation of scientific observation as evidence and modern Bayesian approaches to interpreting forensic data for the courts. The analysis of key forms of evidence are discussed throughout with a particular focus on DNA, fibres and glass. An invaluable introduction to the statistical interpretation of forensic evidence; this book will be invaluable for all undergraduates taking courses in forensic science. Introduction to the key statistical techniques used in the evaluation of forensic evidence Includes end of chapter exercises to enhance student understanding Numerous examples taken from forensic science to put the subject into context

The Use Of Statistics In Forensic Science

C. G. G. Aitken,David A. Stoney
The Use Of Statistics In Forensic Science Book PDF

Author : C. G. G. Aitken,David A. Stoney
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1991-10-31
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780203017326

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The Use Of Statistics In Forensic Science by C. G. G. Aitken,David A. Stoney Pdf

Describes ways of assessing forensic science evidence and the means of communicating the assessment to a court of law. The aim of this work is to ensure that the courts consider seriously the probability of the evidence of association.

Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists

Colin Aitken,Franco Taroni
Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists Book PDF

Author : Colin Aitken,Franco Taroni
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2004-11-19
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780470011225

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Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists by Colin Aitken,Franco Taroni Pdf

The first edition of Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists established itself as a highly regarded authority on this area. Fully revised and updated, the second edition provides significant new material on areas of current interest including: Glass Interpretation Fibres Interpretation Bayes’ Nets The title presents comprehensive coverage of the statistical evaluation of forensic evidence. It is written with the assumption of a modest mathematical background and is illustrated throughout with up-to-date examples from a forensic science background. The clarity of exposition makes this book ideal for all forensic scientists, lawyers and other professionals in related fields interested in the quantitative assessment and evaluation of evidence. 'There can be no doubt that the appreciation of some evidence in a court of law has been greatly enhanced by the sound use of statistical ideas and one can be confident that the next decade will see further developments, during which time this book will admirably serve those who have cause to use statistics in forensic science.' D.V. Lindley

Introduction to Data Analysis with R for Forensic Scientists

James Michael Curran
Introduction to Data Analysis with R for Forensic Scientists Book PDF

Author : James Michael Curran
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2010-07-30
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781420088274

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Introduction to Data Analysis with R for Forensic Scientists by James Michael Curran Pdf

Statistical methods provide a logical, coherent framework in which data from experimental science can be analyzed. However, many researchers lack the statistical skills or resources that would allow them to explore their data to its full potential. Introduction to Data Analysis with R for Forensic Sciences minimizes theory and mathematics and focus

Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists

Colin Aitken,Franco Taroni
Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists Book PDF

Author : Colin Aitken,Franco Taroni
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2004-08-13
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0470843675

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Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists by Colin Aitken,Franco Taroni Pdf

The first edition of Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists established itself as a highly regarded authority on this area. Fully revised and updated, the second edition provides significant new material on areas of current interest including: Glass Interpretation Fibres Interpretation Bayes’ Nets The title presents comprehensive coverage of the statistical evaluation of forensic evidence. It is written with the assumption of a modest mathematical background and is illustrated throughout with up-to-date examples from a forensic science background. The clarity of exposition makes this book ideal for all forensic scientists, lawyers and other professionals in related fields interested in the quantitative assessment and evaluation of evidence. 'There can be no doubt that the appreciation of some evidence in a court of law has been greatly enhanced by the sound use of statistical ideas and one can be confident that the next decade will see further developments, during which time this book will admirably serve those who have cause to use statistics in forensic science.' D.V. Lindley

Essential Mathematics and Statistics for Forensic Science

Craig Adam
Essential Mathematics and Statistics for Forensic Science Book PDF

Author : Craig Adam
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2011-09-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781119964186

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Essential Mathematics and Statistics for Forensic Science by Craig Adam Pdf

This text is an accessible, student-friendly introduction to the wide range of mathematical and statistical tools needed by the forensic scientist in the analysis, interpretation and presentation of experimental measurements. From a basis of high school mathematics, the book develops essential quantitative analysis techniques within the context of a broad range of forensic applications. This clearly structured text focuses on developing core mathematical skills together with an understanding of the calculations associated with the analysis of experimental work, including an emphasis on the use of graphs and the evaluation of uncertainties. Through a broad study of probability and statistics, the reader is led ultimately to the use of Bayesian approaches to the evaluation of evidence within the court. In every section, forensic applications such as ballistics trajectories, post-mortem cooling, aspects of forensic pharmacokinetics, the matching of glass evidence, the formation of bloodstains and the interpretation of DNA profiles are discussed and examples of calculations are worked through. In every chapter there are numerous self-assessment problems to aid student learning. Its broad scope and forensically focused coverage make this book an essential text for students embarking on any degree course in forensic science or forensic analysis, as well as an invaluable reference for post-graduate students and forensic professionals. Key features: Offers a unique mix of mathematics and statistics topics, specifically tailored to a forensic science undergraduate degree. All topics illustrated with examples from the forensic science discipline. Written in an accessible, student-friendly way to engage interest and enhance learning and confidence. Assumes only a basic high-school level prior mathematical knowledge.

Statistical Analysis in Forensic Science

Grzegorz Zadora,Agnieszka Martyna,Daniel Ramos,Colin Aitken
Statistical Analysis in Forensic Science Book PDF

Author : Grzegorz Zadora,Agnieszka Martyna,Daniel Ramos,Colin Aitken
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 341 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2014-02-03
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780470972106

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Statistical Analysis in Forensic Science by Grzegorz Zadora,Agnieszka Martyna,Daniel Ramos,Colin Aitken Pdf

A practical guide for determining the evidential value of physicochemical data Microtraces of various materials (e.g. glass, paint, fibres, and petroleum products) are routinely subjected to physicochemical examination by forensic experts, whose role is to evaluate such physicochemical data in the context of the prosecution and defence propositions. Such examinations return various kinds of information, including quantitative data. From the forensic point of view, the most suitable way to evaluate evidence is the likelihood ratio. This book provides a collection of recent approaches to the determination of likelihood ratios and describes suitable software, with documentation and examples of their use in practice. The statistical computing and graphics software environment R, pre-computed Bayesian networks using Hugin Researcher and a new package, calcuLatoR, for the computation of likelihood ratios are all explored. Statistical Analysis in Forensic Science will provide an invaluable practical guide for forensic experts and practitioners, forensic statisticians, analytical chemists, and chemometricians. Key features include: Description of the physicochemical analysis of forensic trace evidence. Detailed description of likelihood ratio models for determining the evidential value of multivariate physicochemical data. Detailed description of methods, such as empirical cross-entropy plots, for assessing the performance of likelihood ratio-based methods for evidence evaluation. Routines written using the open-source R software, as well as Hugin Researcher and calcuLatoR. Practical examples and recommendations for the use of all these methods in practice.

Forensic Science: a Very Short Introduction

Jim Fraser
Forensic Science a Very Short Introduction Book PDF

Author : Jim Fraser
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2020-02-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780198834410

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Forensic Science: a Very Short Introduction by Jim Fraser Pdf

Forensic science is a subject of wide fascination. What happens at a crime scene? How does DNA profiling work? How can it help solve crimes that happened 20 years ago? In forensic science, a criminal case can often hinge on a piece of evidence such as a hair, a blood trace, half a footprint, or a tyre mark. Complex scientific findings must be considered carefully and dispassionately, and communicated with clarity, simplicity, and precision. High profile cases such as the Stephen Lawrence enquiry and the Madeleine McCann case have attracted enormous media attention and enhanced general interest in this area in recent years. In this Very Short Introduction, Jim Fraser introduces the concept of forensic science and explains how it is used in the investigation of crime. He begins at the crime scene itself, explaining the principles and processes of crime scene management, and drawing on his own personal experience of high profile cases including, the murder of Rachel Nickell and the unsolved murder of Jill Dando. Fraser explores how forensic scientists work; from the reconstruction of events to laboratory examinations. He considers the techniques they use, such as fingerprinting, and goes on to highlight the immense impact DNA profiling has had. Providing examples from forensic science cases in the UK, US, and other countries, he considers the techniques and challenges faced around the world. This new edition has been fully updated to take into account developments in areas such as DNA analysis and drug analysis, and the growing field of digital forensics. Topical areas explored include the growing significance of cognitive bias in forensic science, and recent research that raises doubts about the validity of some forensic techniques. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Statistics and Probability in Forensic Anthropology

Zuzana Obertová,Alistair Stewart,Cristina Cattaneo
Statistics and Probability in Forensic Anthropology Book PDF

Author : Zuzana Obertová,Alistair Stewart,Cristina Cattaneo
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2020-07-28
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780128157657

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Statistics and Probability in Forensic Anthropology by Zuzana Obertová,Alistair Stewart,Cristina Cattaneo Pdf

Statistics and Probability in Forensic Anthropology provides a practical guide for forensic scientists, primarily anthropologists and pathologists, on how to design studies, how to choose and apply statistical approaches, and how to interpret statistical outcomes in the forensic practice. As with other forensic, medical and biological disciplines, statistics have become increasingly important in forensic anthropology and legal medicine, but there is not a single book, which specifically addresses the needs of forensic anthropologists in relation to the research undertaken in the field and the interpretation of research outcomes and case findings within the setting of legal proceedings. The book includes the application of both frequentist and Bayesian statistics in relation to topics relevant for the research and the interpretation of findings in forensic anthropology, as well as general chapters on study design and statistical approaches addressing measurement errors and reliability. Scientific terminology understandable to students and advanced practitioners of forensic anthropology, pathology and related disciplines is used throughout. Additionally, Statistics and Probability in Forensic Anthropology facilitates sufficient understanding of the statistical procedures and data interpretation based on statistical outcomes and models, which helps the reader confidently present their work within the forensic context, either in the form of case reports for legal purposes or as research publications for the scientific community. Contains the application of both frequentist and Bayesian statistics in relation to topics relevant for forensic anthropology research and the interpretation of findings Provides examples of study designs and their statistical solutions, partly following the layout of scientific manuscripts on common topics in the field Includes scientific terminology understandable to students and advanced practitioners of forensic anthropology, legal medicine and related disciplines

Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists

Colin Aitken,Franco Taroni,Silvia Bozza
Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists Book PDF

Author : Colin Aitken,Franco Taroni,Silvia Bozza
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1248 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2020-11-24
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781119245254

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Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists by Colin Aitken,Franco Taroni,Silvia Bozza Pdf

The leading resource in the statistical evaluation and interpretation of forensic evidence The third edition of Statistics and the Evaluation of Evidence for Forensic Scientists is fully updated to provide the latest research and developments in the use of statistical techniques to evaluate and interpret evidence. Courts are increasingly aware of the importance of proper evidence assessment when there is an element of uncertainty. Because of the increasing availability of data, the role of statistical and probabilistic reasoning is gaining a higher profile in criminal cases. That’s why lawyers, forensic scientists, graduate students, and researchers will find this book an essential resource, one which explores how forensic evidence can be evaluated and interpreted statistically. It’s written as an accessible source of information for all those with an interest in the evaluation and interpretation of forensic scientific evidence. Discusses the entire chain of reasoning–from evidence pre-assessment to court presentation; Includes material for the understanding of evidence interpretation for single and multiple trace evidence; Provides real examples and data for improved understanding. Since the first edition of this book was published in 1995, this respected series has remained a leading resource in the statistical evaluation of forensic evidence. It shares knowledge from authors in the fields of statistics and forensic science who are international experts in the area of evidence evaluation and interpretation. This book helps people to deal with uncertainty related to scientific evidence and propositions. It introduces a method of reasoning that shows how to update beliefs coherently and to act rationally. In this edition, readers can find new information on the topics of elicitation, subjective probabilities, decision analysis, and cognitive bias, all discussed in a Bayesian framework.

Handbook of Forensic Statistics

David L. Banks,Karen Kafadar,David H. Kaye,Maria Tackett
Handbook of Forensic Statistics Book PDF

Author : David L. Banks,Karen Kafadar,David H. Kaye,Maria Tackett
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 571 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781000096064

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Handbook of Forensic Statistics by David L. Banks,Karen Kafadar,David H. Kaye,Maria Tackett Pdf

Handbook of Forensic Statistics is a collection of chapters by leading authorities in forensic statistics. Written for statisticians, scientists, and legal professionals having a broad range of statistical expertise, it summarizes and compares basic methods of statistical inference (frequentist, likelihoodist, and Bayesian) for trace and other evidence that links individuals to crimes, the modern history and key controversies in the field, and the psychological and legal aspects of such scientific evidence. Specific topics include uncertainty in measurements and conclusions; statistically valid statements of weight of evidence or source conclusions; admissibility and presentation of statistical findings; and the state of the art of methods (including problems and pitfalls) for collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data in such areas as forensic biology, chemistry, and pattern and impression evidence. The particular types of evidence that are discussed include DNA, latent fingerprints, firearms and toolmarks, glass, handwriting, shoeprints, and voice exemplars.

The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Forensic Science: An Update
The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Forensic Science: An Update
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1997-01-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309121941

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The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Forensic Science: An Update Pdf

In 1992 the National Research Council issued DNA Technology in Forensic Science, a book that documented the state of the art in this emerging field. Recently, this volume was brought to worldwide attention in the murder trial of celebrity O. J. Simpson. The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence reports on developments in population genetics and statistics since the original volume was published. The committee comments on statements in the original book that proved controversial or that have been misapplied in the courts. This volume offers recommendations for handling DNA samples, performing calculations, and other aspects of using DNA as a forensic toolâ€"modifying some recommendations presented in the 1992 volume. The update addresses two major areas: Determination of DNA profiles. The committee considers how laboratory errors (particularly false matches) can arise, how errors might be reduced, and how to take into account the fact that the error rate can never be reduced to zero. Interpretation of a finding that the DNA profile of a suspect or victim matches the evidence DNA. The committee addresses controversies in population genetics, exploring the problems that arise from the mixture of groups and subgroups in the American population and how this substructure can be accounted for in calculating frequencies. This volume examines statistical issues in interpreting frequencies as probabilities, including adjustments when a suspect is found through a database search. The committee includes a detailed discussion of what its recommendations would mean in the courtroom, with numerous case citations. By resolving several remaining issues in the evaluation of this increasingly important area of forensic evidence, this technical update will be important to forensic scientists and population geneticistsâ€"and helpful to attorneys, judges, and others who need to understand DNA and the law. Anyone working in laboratories and in the courts or anyone studying this issue should own this book.

An Introduction to Forensic Genetics

William Goodwin,Adrian Linacre,Sibte Hadi
An Introduction to Forensic Genetics Book PDF

Author : William Goodwin,Adrian Linacre,Sibte Hadi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2007-11-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470010259

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An Introduction to Forensic Genetics by William Goodwin,Adrian Linacre,Sibte Hadi Pdf

An Introduction to Forensic Genetics is a comprehensive introduction to this fast moving area from the collection of evidence at the scene of a crime to the presentation of that evidence in a legal context. The last few years have seen significant advances in the subject and the development and application of genetics has revolutionised forensic science. This book begins with the key concepts needed to fully appreciate the subject and moves on to examine the latest developments in the field, illustrated throughout with references to relevant casework. In addition to the technology involved in generating a DNA profile, the underlying population biology and statistical interpretation are also covered. The evaluation and presentation of DNA evidence in court is discussed as well with guidance on the evaluation process and how court reports and statements should be presented. An accessible introduction to Forensic Genetics from the collection of evidence to the presentation of that evidence in a legal context Includes case studies to enhance student understanding Includes the latest developments in the field focusing on the technology used today and that which is likely to be used in the future Accessible treatment of population biology and statistics associated with forensic evidence This book offers undergraduate students of Forensic Science an accessible approach to the subject that will have direct relevance to their courses. An Introduction to Forensic Genetics is also an invaluable resource for postgraduates and practising forensic scientists looking for a good introduction to the field.

Probability and Forensic Evidence

Ronald Meester,Klaas Slooten
Probability and Forensic Evidence Book PDF

Author : Ronald Meester,Klaas Slooten
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2021-04-08
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108428279

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Probability and Forensic Evidence by Ronald Meester,Klaas Slooten Pdf

A self-contained examination of all aspects of statistical evidence evaluation in forensic science, from theory to concrete applications.

DNA Technology in Forensic Science

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Technology in Forensic Science
DNA Technology in Forensic Science Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Technology in Forensic Science
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1992-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309045872

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DNA Technology in Forensic Science by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Technology in Forensic Science Pdf

Matching DNA samples from crime scenes and suspects is rapidly becoming a key source of evidence for use in our justice system. DNA Technology in Forensic Science offers recommendations for resolving crucial questions that are emerging as DNA typing becomes more widespread. The volume addresses key issues: Quality and reliability in DNA typing, including the introduction of new technologies, problems of standardization, and approaches to certification. DNA typing in the courtroom, including issues of population genetics, levels of understanding among judges and juries, and admissibility. Societal issues, such as privacy of DNA data, storage of samples and data, and the rights of defendants to quality testing technology. Combining this original volume with the new update-The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence-provides the complete, up-to-date picture of this highly important and visible topic. This volume offers important guidance to anyone working with this emerging law enforcement tool: policymakers, specialists in criminal law, forensic scientists, geneticists, researchers, faculty, and students.