Investigating The Determinants Of Household Welfare In Cote D Ivoire

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Investigating the Determinants of Household Welfare in Cote D'Ivoire

Paul Glewwe
Investigating the Determinants of Household Welfare in Cote D Ivoire Book PDF

Author : Paul Glewwe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Consumption (Economics)
ISBN : UIUC:30112085904354

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Investigating the Determinants of Household Welfare in Cote D'Ivoire by Paul Glewwe Pdf

To predict the effect of economic policies on household welfare, one should first understand which characteristics of households and of the localities in which they live, enable them to raise their welfare levels. This paper outlines a simple procedure for investigating the determinants of household welfare and demonstrates its use with recent data from Cote d'Ivoire. Despite the relative simplicity, much information is obtained from its use on cross-sectional survey data. Results specific to Cote d'Ivoire include : high (low) returns to education in urban (rural) areas; high benefits from cocoa land relative to coffee land; a significant impact on economic welfare from the availability of medical services, and no apparent benefits from agricultural extension services.

Determinants of Fertility and Child Mortality in Côte D'Ivoire and Ghana

Kofi Darkwa Benefo,T. Paul Schultz
Determinants of Fertility and Child Mortality in C te D Ivoire and Ghana Book PDF

Author : Kofi Darkwa Benefo,T. Paul Schultz
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0821327895

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Determinants of Fertility and Child Mortality in Côte D'Ivoire and Ghana by Kofi Darkwa Benefo,T. Paul Schultz Pdf

Explains the broad range of financial instruments government policymakers can use to avoid commodity price risks caused by fluctuating prices. This hands-on book describes management techniques countries can use to avoid the financial risk that occurs when commodity prices fluctuate dramatically. It illustrates each technique in detail with practical case studies of Colombia, Costa Rica, Hungary, Papua New Guinea, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Venezuela. These financial techniques include short-term instruments and newer methods that let governments evade price risks over longer periods and raise finances that are linked to commodity prices. The new techniques include commodity loans, bonds, swaps, futures, forwards, and options. Policymakers receive clear information about how these financial instruments can manage price risk, provide access to external finance, and lower a country's credit risk. The workbook shows how risk instruments work within traditional stabilization schemes and explains which of the techniques protect against external risk. It also identifies the institutional changes and education requirements governments must meet to use the instruments effectively. This book advances the more theoretical work on the new, longer-term instruments that appears in Commodity Risk Management and Finance, published by the World Bank and Oxford University Press. Published for the World Bank by The Johns Hopkins University Press.

Social Assistance in Albania

Harold Alderman
Social Assistance in Albania Book PDF

Author : Harold Alderman
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1998-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0821342452

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Social Assistance in Albania by Harold Alderman Pdf

Albania provides a small amount of social assistance to nearly 20% of its population through a system which allows a degree of community discretion in determining distribution. This study investigates the poverty targeting of this program. It indicates that relative to other safety net programs in low income countries, social assistance in Albania is fairly well targeted to the poor.

Guidelines for Constructing Consumption Aggregates for Welfare Analysis

Angus Deaton,Salman Zaidi
Guidelines for Constructing Consumption Aggregates for Welfare Analysis Book PDF

Author : Angus Deaton,Salman Zaidi
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821349902

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Guidelines for Constructing Consumption Aggregates for Welfare Analysis by Angus Deaton,Salman Zaidi Pdf

In September 2001, staff from the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund met with the objective of strengthening collaboration between the two organizations in projects of civil service reform. This strengthened collaboration will have key benefits in ensuring consistency between the conflicting goals of the two organizations, establishing realistic objectives within the reform process, and maintaining a core set of wage and employment data. The principal conclusion arrived at was that World Bank and IMF staff should be engaging in collaboration earlier in the reform process. To guide the collaboration, six foundations were identified. These include: develop a medium-term fiscal framework; foster national ownership by making reforms politically feasible; focus and streamline conditionality; agree on sequencing and timing of reforms; and strengthen data collection. These principals will be tested for effectiveness in several focus countries.

Poverty Comparisons and Household Survey Design

Steven Howes,Jean Olson Lanjouw
Poverty Comparisons and Household Survey Design Book PDF

Author : Steven Howes,Jean Olson Lanjouw
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0821338625

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Poverty Comparisons and Household Survey Design by Steven Howes,Jean Olson Lanjouw Pdf

World Bank Discussion Paper No. 356. The World Bank has become the world's largest lender in the health, nutrition, and population (HNP) sectors, requiring the institution to seek ever greater evidence that its work is effective on the ground. This paper reviews the literature on the causes of observed changes in health and fertility levels, on the evaluation of policies, and on programs designed to accelerate these changes. It presents a framework that delineates the relationships between Bank activities in the HNP sectors, the characteristics of a health care system, household behavior, and changes in health outcomes. The paper also describes a strategy for assessing the development effectiveness of the Bank's work in these sectors. The underlying thesis is that changes in health policy and improved outcomes depend on the the demand for health services and on institutional incentives that drive health care system performance.

Delayed Primary School Enrollment and Childhood Malnutrition in Ghana

Paul Glewwe,Hanan Jacoby
Delayed Primary School Enrollment and Childhood Malnutrition in Ghana Book PDF

Author : Paul Glewwe,Hanan Jacoby
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1993-01-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 0821326651

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Delayed Primary School Enrollment and Childhood Malnutrition in Ghana by Paul Glewwe,Hanan Jacoby Pdf

Explores the effect of malnutrition on school enrollment and extent of schooling. In many developing countries, less than half of all primary school students have enrolled by age six, and many do not enroll until age eight or nine. This paper uses data from the Ghana Living Standards Survey to explore this phenomenon. The authors develop a number of explanations for delayed primary school enrollment in Ghana, but their main focus is on nutrition. They find that infant and child malnutrition has a major impact on the age at which children enroll in school. They argue that chronically malnourished children tend to be kept out of school by their parents because they perform poorly and the benefit to them of schooling is therefore low. Chronic malnutrition, which is extensive in Ghana, has been shown to stunt growth, retard mental development, and reduce motivation and energy levels. Because growth can eventually compensate for the initial retardation caused by malnutrition, the authors suggest that there may be an QUOTEoptimal ageQUOTE of primary school enrollment for malnourished children that is higher than that for other children. The authors also explore the effects of malnutrition on the number of years of schooling completed. By taking enrollment age into account when analyzing the statistics on dropouts, the authors are able to remedy a major shortcoming of previous studies. They thus develop a method of identifying the further negative effects of malnutrition even when delayed enrollment is common.

Children's Health and Achievement in School

Jere R. Behrman,Victor Lavy
Children s Health and Achievement in School Book PDF

Author : Jere R. Behrman,Victor Lavy
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 0821328530

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Children's Health and Achievement in School by Jere R. Behrman,Victor Lavy Pdf

The commonly held view is that extremely poor health hurts educational achievement. This study examined the possibility of biases in standard estimation of effects and illustrated empirically, based on Ghanaian Living Standard of Measurement Study data, that there was not a significant effect of child health on child cognitive achievement. Consideration was given to the endogenous determination of child health. Child health was determined by anthropometry. Cognitive achievement test scores and preschool ability measured schooling success and child endowments respectively. Household and community characteristics and sibling data were used to measure family and community fixed effects. The conclusion, based on ordinary least squares (OLS) estimation and instrumental variable level estimates, was that child health did not impact on child cognitive achievement. The differences between the instrumental variable estimates and the within family and within community estimates suggested bias. Four basic conclusions were drawn. 1) Considerable bias occurred in prior studies, because there was a failure to account for estimation problems. 2) Inclusion of instrumental variables, assumed to be independent of the disturbance term in the cognitive achievement production function, and without controls for simultaneity, suggested a downward bias. 3) The bias was upward when estimates with sibling data were accounted for. Unobserved family and community effects can cause upward biases. 4) Coefficients, which are supposed to represent the impact of child health on schooling, may not do so. In the discussion of model specification, it was pointed out that upward bias can occur with heterogeneity in preferences regarding child quality, in unobserved predetermined family endowments that affect production of child quality, and in unobserved predetermined community endowments that affect child quality production. The unobserved predetermined child characteristics affect both child health and cognitive achievement in the same direction. There can be unobserved heterogeneity in access to capital markets. The 2 stage least squares procedure was found to overstate the impact of child health and cause greater distortions than OLS estimates.

Investment in Human Capital

Victor Lavy
Investment in Human Capital Book PDF

Author : Victor Lavy
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1992-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821323210

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Investment in Human Capital by Victor Lavy Pdf

Examines the ways in which expenses for secondary education determine whether parents will enroll their children in primary schools.

School Quality, Achievement Bias, and Dropout Behavior in Egypt

Eric Alan Hanushek,Victor Lavy
School Quality Achievement Bias and Dropout Behavior in Egypt Book PDF

Author : Eric Alan Hanushek,Victor Lavy
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 0821329987

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School Quality, Achievement Bias, and Dropout Behavior in Egypt by Eric Alan Hanushek,Victor Lavy Pdf

Living Standards Measurement Study No. 107. Lost investment opportunities for society and the inefficient provision of public schooling are just some of the reasons why developing countries are concerned with low school completion rates. This study

How Does Schooling of Mothers Improve Child Health?

Paul Glewwe
How Does Schooling of Mothers Improve Child Health Book PDF

Author : Paul Glewwe
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0821338331

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How Does Schooling of Mothers Improve Child Health? by Paul Glewwe Pdf

World Bank Technical Paper No. 354. Water users' organizations are one example of community participation at work in the sectors of irrigation, drinking water supply, and sanitation. This paper looks at the conditions under which these organizations are most effective in managing water systems. It identifies key external factors and internal structures for sustainable user associations, as well as the conditions for partnership between government agencies and the associations.

The Impact of the Quality of Health Care on Children's Nutrition and Survival in Ghana

Victor Lavy
The Impact of the Quality of Health Care on Children s Nutrition and Survival in Ghana Book PDF

Author : Victor Lavy
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0821329979

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The Impact of the Quality of Health Care on Children's Nutrition and Survival in Ghana by Victor Lavy Pdf

Surveys the World Bank's experience in supporting developing country civil service reforms and begins to assess the progress made. The World Bank recognizes the importance of the civil service to the general welfare of the 4.6 billion people in low and middle income countries. Between 1981 and 1991, civil service reform was a prominent feature of 90 World Bank lending operations. This paper surveys the Bank's experience in supporting this reform and assesses the progress made. The lending operations concentrated on two separate dimensions: (1) Shorter-term, emergency steps to reform public pay and employment policies, which center on measures to contain the cost and the size of the civil service (2) longer-term civil service strengthening efforts directed toward ongoing, sustained management improvements. After examining the record of these reforms, the authors conclude that the results have been mixed at best. They recommend greater emphasis on devising a coherent, far-reaching strategy for reform and on detailing the set of tactics by which these goals will be achieved.

The Role of the Private Sector in Education in Vietnam

Paul Glewwe,Harry Anthony Patrinos
The Role of the Private Sector in Education in Vietnam Book PDF

Author : Paul Glewwe,Harry Anthony Patrinos
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Education
ISBN : 0821341677

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The Role of the Private Sector in Education in Vietnam by Paul Glewwe,Harry Anthony Patrinos Pdf

As part of the restructuring of the educational system in 1989, the Vietnamese government implemented policy changes such as promoting the establishment of "people's" and community educational institutions, permitting the establishment of private institutions and transforming public institutions into private ones. Since Vietnam has only recently moved from a centrally planned to a market economy, private schools are still relatively rare in Vietnam. This paper examines the nature of private schooling in Vietnam using data from the 1992-93 Vietnam Living Standards Survey.

Poverty Lines in Theory and Practice

Martin Ravallion
Poverty Lines in Theory and Practice Book PDF

Author : Martin Ravallion
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1998-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821342266

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Poverty Lines in Theory and Practice by Martin Ravallion Pdf

A poverty line helps focus the attention of governments and civil society on the living conditions of the poor. This paper offers a critical overview of alternative approaches to setting poverty lines. In reviewing the methods found in practice, the paper tries to throw light on, and go some way toward resolving, ongoing debates about poverty measurement, emphasizing those debates which would appear to have greatest bearing on policy discussions.

Chronic Illness and Retirement in Jamaica

Sudhanshu Handa,Monica Neitzert
Chronic Illness and Retirement in Jamaica Book PDF

Author : Sudhanshu Handa,Monica Neitzert
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1998-01-01
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 0821340875

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Chronic Illness and Retirement in Jamaica by Sudhanshu Handa,Monica Neitzert Pdf

This paper explores the impact of six noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCCDs) on Jamaicans' decisions to retire. Using the 1991 and 1992 Survey of Living Conditions database it examines the significantly negative impact that NCCDs have on people remaining in employment. Chapters present findings that suggest the need to integrate health and labor market policies; discuss health transition and the labor market in Jamaica; give data, samples, and health measures; provide an econometric model; examine NCCDs in respect to gender and other social issues; and present sensitivity analysis on the impact of physical health status on employment.

Measuring the Effects of Geographic Targeting on Poverty Reduction

Judy L. Baker,Margaret E. Grosh
Measuring the Effects of Geographic Targeting on Poverty Reduction Book PDF

Author : Judy L. Baker,Margaret E. Grosh
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 46 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 082132666X

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Measuring the Effects of Geographic Targeting on Poverty Reduction by Judy L. Baker,Margaret E. Grosh Pdf

This third and final volume from the City Study analyzes the structure of Bogota and Cali, Colombia by modelling different markets and the behavior of individuals, households, firms, and governments within these markets. Simple economic reasoning is used to understand the urban behavior that can determine a city's overall appearance and structure. The author underlines the importance of this understanding which, he argues, could lead to the creation of more effective urban policies. This study links infrastructure requirements and supply to the behavior of urban life and to the existing income distribution in the city. The author concludes that institutional responses to the rapidly changing and unpredictable demands of metropolitan residents must become an inherent part of city structure, and that this would be the most practical way of coping with urban growth.