Investigation Of Innovative Water Injection Strategies For Gasoline Engines By Means Of A 3d Cfd Virtual Engine Test Bench

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Investigation of Innovative Water Injection Strategies for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D-CFD Virtual Engine Test Bench

Edoardo Rossi
Investigation of Innovative Water Injection Strategies for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D CFD Virtual Engine Test Bench Book PDF

Author : Edoardo Rossi
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2024
Category : Automobiles
ISBN : 9783658449414

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Investigation of Innovative Water Injection Strategies for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D-CFD Virtual Engine Test Bench by Edoardo Rossi Pdf

This book focuses on the investigation of innovative engine technologies that can improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines and reduce their environmental impact. In particular, water injection is examined as a means of improving engine behavior. The possible combination of water injection with renewable fuels is also a topic of the book. The results of this experimental and numerical research show positive results that can be used for further research and development of engines. Content 3D-CFD Simulation Environment: the Virtual Engine Test Bench Experimental Spray Analysis and 3D-CFD Injection Model Calibration Applicability of Water Injection in Combination with an eFuel Water-in-Fuel Emulsions at the Virtual Engine Test Bench Target Groups Students and researchers in the field of automotive engineering, esp. engine technology Engineers in the automotive industry About the Author Edoardo Rossi is a project manager in the virtual engine development department at the FKFS, where he did his PhD. He works on innovative solutions for future powertrain technologies for motor vehicles. .

Potential of Water Injection for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D-CFD Virtual Test Bench

Antonino Vacca
Potential of Water Injection for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D CFD Virtual Test Bench Book PDF

Author : Antonino Vacca
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2020-12-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783658327552

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Potential of Water Injection for Gasoline Engines by Means of a 3D-CFD Virtual Test Bench by Antonino Vacca Pdf

Water injection is one of the most promising technologies to improve the engine combustion efficiency, by mitigating knock occurrences and controlling exhaust gas temperature before turbine. As result, the engine can operate at stoichiometric conditions over the whole engine map, even during the more power-demanding RDE cycles. Antonino Vacca presents a methodology to study and optimize the effect of water injection for gasoline engines by investigating different engine layouts and injection strategies through the set-up of a 3D-CFD virtual test bench. He investigates indirect and direct water injection strategies to increase the engine knock limit and to reduce exhaust gas temperature for several operating points.

Modeling of Real Fuels and Knock Occurrence for an Effective 3D-CFD Virtual Engine Development

Francesco Cupo
Modeling of Real Fuels and Knock Occurrence for an Effective 3D CFD Virtual Engine Development Book PDF

Author : Francesco Cupo
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 119 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2020-09-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783658316280

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Modeling of Real Fuels and Knock Occurrence for an Effective 3D-CFD Virtual Engine Development by Francesco Cupo Pdf

To drastically reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, the development of future internal combustion engines will be strictly linked to the development of CO2 neutral fuels (e.g. biofuels and e-fuels). This evolution implies an increase in development complexity, which needs the support of engine 3D-CFD simulations. Francesco Cupo presents approaches to accurately describe fuel characteristics and knock occurrence in SI engines, thus improving the current simulation capability in investigating alternative fuels and innovative combustion processes. The developed models are successfully used to investigate the influence of ethanol-based fuels and water injection strategies on knock occurrence and to conduct a virtual fuel design for and engine operating with the innovative SACI combustion strategy.

Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines

F. Zhao,M.-C. Lai,D.L. Harrington
Automotive Spark Ignited Direct Injection Gasoline Engines Book PDF

Author : F. Zhao,M.-C. Lai,D.L. Harrington
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2000-02-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780080552798

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Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines by F. Zhao,M.-C. Lai,D.L. Harrington Pdf

The process of fuel injection, spray atomization and vaporization, charge cooling, mixture preparation and the control of in-cylinder air motion are all being actively researched and this work is reviewed in detail and analyzed. The new technologies such as high-pressure, common-rail, gasoline injection systems and swirl-atomizing gasoline fuel injections are discussed in detail, as these technologies, along with computer control capabilities, have enabled the current new examination of an old objective; the direct-injection, stratified-charge (DISC), gasoline engine. The prior work on DISC engines that is relevant to current GDI engine development is also reviewed and discussed. The fuel economy and emission data for actual engine configurations have been obtained and assembled for all of the available GDI literature, and are reviewed and discussed in detail. The types of GDI engines are arranged in four classifications of decreasing complexity, and the advantages and disadvantages of each class are noted and explained. Emphasis is placed upon consensus trends and conclusions that are evident when taken as a whole; thus the GDI researcher is informed regarding the degree to which engine volumetric efficiency and compression ratio can be increased under optimized conditions, and as to the extent to which unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), NOx and particulate emissions can be minimized for specific combustion strategies. The critical area of GDI fuel injector deposits and the associated effect on spray geometry and engine performance degradation are reviewed, and important system guidelines for minimizing deposition rates and deposit effects are presented. The capabilities and limitations of emission control techniques and after treatment hardware are reviewed in depth, and a compilation and discussion of areas of consensus on attaining European, Japanese and North American emission standards presented. All known research, prototype and production GDI engines worldwide are reviewed as to performance, emissions and fuel economy advantages, and for areas requiring further development. The engine schematics, control diagrams and specifications are compiled, and the emission control strategies are illustrated and discussed. The influence of lean-NOx catalysts on the development of late-injection, stratified-charge GDI engines is reviewed, and the relative merits of lean-burn, homogeneous, direct-injection engines as an option requiring less control complexity are analyzed.

Common Rail System for GDI Engines

Giovanni Fiengo,Alessandro di Gaeta,Angelo Palladino,Veniero Giglio
Common Rail System for GDI Engines Book PDF

Author : Giovanni Fiengo,Alessandro di Gaeta,Angelo Palladino,Veniero Giglio
Publisher : Springer
Page : 81 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2012-11-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1447144694

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Common Rail System for GDI Engines by Giovanni Fiengo,Alessandro di Gaeta,Angelo Palladino,Veniero Giglio Pdf

Progressive reductions in vehicle emission requirements have forced the automotive industry to invest in research and development of alternative control strategies. Continual control action exerted by a dedicated electronic control unit ensures that best performance in terms of pollutant emissions and power density is married with driveability and diagnostics. Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine technology is a way to attain these goals. This brief describes the functioning of a GDI engine equipped with a common rail (CR) system, and the devices necessary to run test-bench experiments in detail. The text should prove instructive to researchers in engine control and students are recommended to this brief as their first approach to this technology. Later chapters of the brief relate an innovative strategy designed to assist with the engine management system; injection pressure regulation for fuel pressure stabilization in the CR fuel line is proposed and validated by experiment. The resulting control scheme is composed of a feedback integral action and a static model-based feed-forward action, the gains of which are scheduled as a function of fundamental plant parameters. The tuning of closed-loop performance is supported by an analysis of the phase-margin and the sensitivity function. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the control algorithm in regulating the mean-value rail pressure independently from engine working conditions (engine speed and time of injection) with limited design effort.

Knocking in Gasoline Engines

Michael Günther,Marc Sens
Knocking in Gasoline Engines Book PDF

Author : Michael Günther,Marc Sens
Publisher : Springer
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2017-11-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319697604

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Knocking in Gasoline Engines by Michael Günther,Marc Sens Pdf

The book includes the papers presented at the conference discussing approaches to prevent or reliably control knocking and other irregular combustion events. The majority of today’s highly efficient gasoline engines utilize downsizing. High mean pressures produce increased knocking, which frequently results in a reduction in the compression ratio at high specific powers. Beyond this, the phenomenon of pre-ignition has been linked to the rise in specific power in gasoline engines for many years. Charge-diluted concepts with high compression cause extreme knocking, potentially leading to catastrophic failure. The introduction of RDE legislation this year will further grow the requirements for combustion process development, as residual gas scavenging and enrichment to improve the knock limit will be legally restricted despite no relaxation of the need to reach the main center of heat release as early as possible. New solutions in thermodynamics and control engineering are urgently needed to further increase the efficiency of gasoline engines.

Modelling Diesel Combustion

P. A. Lakshminarayanan,Yoghesh V. Aghav
Modelling Diesel Combustion Book PDF

Author : P. A. Lakshminarayanan,Yoghesh V. Aghav
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2010-03-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789048138852

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Modelling Diesel Combustion by P. A. Lakshminarayanan,Yoghesh V. Aghav Pdf

Phenomenology of Diesel Combustion and Modeling Diesel is the most efficient combustion engine today and it plays an important role in transport of goods and passengers on land and on high seas. The emissions must be controlled as stipulated by the society without sacrificing the legendary fuel economy of the diesel engines. These important drivers caused innovations in diesel engineering like re-entrant combustion chambers in the piston, lower swirl support and high pressure injection, in turn reducing the ignition delay and hence the nitric oxides. The limits on emissions are being continually reduced. The- fore, the required accuracy of the models to predict the emissions and efficiency of the engines is high. The phenomenological combustion models based on physical and chemical description of the processes in the engine are practical to describe diesel engine combustion and to carry out parametric studies. This is because the injection process, which can be relatively well predicted, has the dominant effect on mixture formation and subsequent course of combustion. The need for improving these models by incorporating new developments in engine designs is explained in Chapter 2. With “model based control programs” used in the Electronic Control Units of the engines, phenomenological models are assuming more importance now because the detailed CFD based models are too slow to be handled by the Electronic Control Units. Experimental work is necessary to develop the basic understanding of the pr- esses.

Development of a Partially Premixed Combustion Model for a Diesel Engine Using Multiple Injection Strategies

Rene Thygesen
Development of a Partially Premixed Combustion Model for a Diesel Engine Using Multiple Injection Strategies Book PDF

Author : Rene Thygesen
Publisher : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783832530938

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Development of a Partially Premixed Combustion Model for a Diesel Engine Using Multiple Injection Strategies by Rene Thygesen Pdf

In order to fulfil future emissions legislations, new combustion systems are to be investigated. One way of improving exhaust emissions is the application of multiple injection strategies and conventional or partially premixed combustion conditions to a Diesel engine. The application of numerical techniques as CFD supports and improves the quality of engine developments. Unfortunately, current spray and combustion models are not accurate enough to simulate multiple injection systems, being in this way a topic of research. The goal of this study was the development of a novel simulation method for the investigation of Diesel engines operated with multiple injection strategies and different combustion modes. The first part of this work focused in improving the spray modelling. The inform ation of 3D CFD simulations of the injector nozzle was introduced in the spray simulation as boundary conditions developing coupling subroutines for this issue. The atomisation modelling was also improved using validated presumed droplet size distributions. Moreover, to avoid the simulation of the injector nozzle for every investigated operating point, a novel interpolating tool was developed in order to create spray boundary conditions based on few 3D CFD simulations of the nozzle under certain initial and boundary conditions. The second part of this thesis dealt with the combustion modelling of Diesel engines. For this issue, a laminar flamelet approach called Representative Interactive Flamelet model (RIF) was selected and implemented. Afterwards, an extended combustion model based on RIF was developed in order to take into account multiple injection strategies. Finally, this new model was validated with a wide range of operating points: applying multiple injection strategies under conventional and partially premixed combustion conditions.

Advances in Internal Combustion Engine Research

Dhananjay Kumar Srivastava,Avinash Kumar Agarwal,Amitava Datta,Rakesh Kumar Maurya
Advances in Internal Combustion Engine Research Book PDF

Author : Dhananjay Kumar Srivastava,Avinash Kumar Agarwal,Amitava Datta,Rakesh Kumar Maurya
Publisher : Springer
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2017-11-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811075759

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Advances in Internal Combustion Engine Research by Dhananjay Kumar Srivastava,Avinash Kumar Agarwal,Amitava Datta,Rakesh Kumar Maurya Pdf

This book discusses all aspects of advanced engine technologies, and describes the role of alternative fuels and solution-based modeling studies in meeting the increasingly higher standards of the automotive industry. By promoting research into more efficient and environment-friendly combustion technologies, it helps enable researchers to develop higher-power engines with lower fuel consumption, emissions, and noise levels. Over the course of 12 chapters, it covers research in areas such as homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion and control strategies, the use of alternative fuels and additives in combination with new combustion technology and novel approaches to recover the pumping loss in the spark ignition engine. The book will serve as a valuable resource for academic researchers and professional automotive engineers alike.

Computational Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines

Yu Shi,Hai-Wen Ge,Rolf D. Reitz
Computational Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines Book PDF

Author : Yu Shi,Hai-Wen Ge,Rolf D. Reitz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2011-06-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780857296191

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Computational Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines by Yu Shi,Hai-Wen Ge,Rolf D. Reitz Pdf

Computational Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines presents the state of the art of computational models and optimization methods for internal combustion engine development using multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools and genetic algorithms. Strategies to reduce computational cost and mesh dependency are discussed, as well as regression analysis methods. Several case studies are presented in a section devoted to applications, including assessments of: spark-ignition engines, dual-fuel engines, heavy duty and light duty diesel engines. Through regression analysis, optimization results are used to explain complex interactions between engine design parameters, such as nozzle design, injection timing, swirl, exhaust gas recirculation, bore size, and piston bowl shape. Computational Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines demonstrates that the current multi-dimensional CFD tools are mature enough for practical development of internal combustion engines. It is written for researchers and designers in mechanical engineering and the automotive industry.

Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines 2

James H. Whitelaw,Francisco Payri,C. Arcoumanis,José-Maria Desantes
Thermo and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines 2 Book PDF

Author : James H. Whitelaw,Francisco Payri,C. Arcoumanis,José-Maria Desantes
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662105023

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Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines 2 by James H. Whitelaw,Francisco Payri,C. Arcoumanis,José-Maria Desantes Pdf

This is the second book edited with a selection of papers from the two-yearly THIESEL Conference on Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines, organised by CMT-Mvtores Termicos of the Universidad Po/itecnica de Valencia, Spain. This volume includes versions of papers selected from those presented at the THIESEL 2002 Conference th held on lOth to 13 September 2002. We hope it will be the second volume of a long series reflecting the quality of the THIESEL Conference. This year, the papers are grouped in six main thematic areas: State of the Art and Prospective, Injection Systems and Spray Formation, Combustion and Emissions, Engine Modelling, Alternative Combustion Concepts and Experimental Techniques. The actual conference covered a wider scope of topics, including Air Management and Fuels for Diesel Engines and a couple of papers included reflect this variety. However, the selection of papers published here represents the most current preoccupations of Diesel engine designers, namely how to improve the combustion process using new injection strategies and alternative concepts such as the Homogeneous Charge Combustion Ignition.

End-zone Water Injection as a Means of Suppressing Knock in a Spark-ignition Engine

Rinaldo J. Brun,H. Lowell Olsen,Cearcy D. Miller
End zone Water Injection as a Means of Suppressing Knock in a Spark ignition Engine Book PDF

Author : Rinaldo J. Brun,H. Lowell Olsen,Cearcy D. Miller
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1944
Category : Aerodynamics
ISBN : UFL:31262081049511

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End-zone Water Injection as a Means of Suppressing Knock in a Spark-ignition Engine by Rinaldo J. Brun,H. Lowell Olsen,Cearcy D. Miller Pdf

Summary: An investigation has been made of the effectiveness of water injection into the combustion end zone of a spark-ignition engine cylinder for the suppression of knock. Pressure-time recoreds obtained show that injection of water at 60° B.T.C. on the compression stroke at a water-fuel ratio of 0.3 rendered M-3 fuel as good as S-3 fuel from an antiknock consideration. The optimum crank angle for injection of water into the end zone was found to be critical. As the injection angle was increased beyond the optimum, the quantity of water required to suppress knock increased to 3.6 water-fuel ratio at 132° B.T.C. The water quantity could not be increased beyond 3.6 water-fuel ration because of injection-pump limitations; however, a further increase in the injection angle up to the earliest angle obtainable, which was 20° A.T.C. on the intake stroke, continuously increased the knock intensity. The engine operating conditions of the tests did not simulate those encountered in flight, especially with regard to the operating speed of 570 rpm. For this reason the results should only be regarded as of theoretical importance until further investigation has been made.

A Quasi-dimensional Charge Motion and Turbulence Model for Combustion and Emissions Prediction in Diesel Engines with a fully Variable Valve Train

Qirui Yang
A Quasi dimensional Charge Motion and Turbulence Model for Combustion and Emissions Prediction in Diesel Engines with a fully Variable Valve Train Book PDF

Author : Qirui Yang
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 141 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2021-10-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783658357740

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A Quasi-dimensional Charge Motion and Turbulence Model for Combustion and Emissions Prediction in Diesel Engines with a fully Variable Valve Train by Qirui Yang Pdf

Qirui Yang develops a model chain for the simulation of combustion and emissions of diesel engine with fully variable valve train (VVT) based on extensive 3D-CFD simulations, and experimental measurements on the engine test bench. The focus of the work is the development of a quasi-dimensional (QDM) flow model, which sets up a series of sub-models to describe phenomenologically the swirl, squish and axial charge motions as well as the shear-related turbulence production and dissipation. The QDM flow model is coupled with a QDM combustion model and a nitrogen oxides (NOx) / soot emission model. With the established model chain, VVT operating strategies of diesel engine can be developed and optimized as part of the simulation for specific engine performance parameters and the lowest NOx and soot emissions.

Numerical and Experimental Studies on Combustion Engines and Vehicles

Paweł Woś,Mirosław Jakubowski
Numerical and Experimental Studies on Combustion Engines and Vehicles Book PDF

Author : Paweł Woś,Mirosław Jakubowski
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2020-11-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781839680328

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Numerical and Experimental Studies on Combustion Engines and Vehicles by Paweł Woś,Mirosław Jakubowski Pdf

The matters discussed and presented in the chapters of this book cover a wide spectrum of topics and research methods commonly used in the field of engine combustion technology and vehicle functional systems. This book contains the results of both computational analyses and experimental studies on jet and reciprocating combustion engines as well heavy-duty onroad vehicles. Special attention is devoted to research and measures toward preventing the emission of harmful exhaust components, reducing fuel consumption or using unconventional methods of engine fueling or using renewable and alternative fuels in different applications. Some technical improvements in design and control of vehicle systems are also presented.

Modeling of End-Gas Autoignition for Knock Prediction in Gasoline Engines

Andreas Manz
Modeling of End Gas Autoignition for Knock Prediction in Gasoline Engines Book PDF

Author : Andreas Manz
Publisher : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2016-08-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783832542818

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Modeling of End-Gas Autoignition for Knock Prediction in Gasoline Engines by Andreas Manz Pdf

Downsizing of modern gasoline engines with direct injection is a key concept for achieving future CO22 emission targets. However, high power densities and optimum efficiency are limited by an uncontrolled autoignition of the unburned air-fuel mixture, the so-called spark knock phenomena. By a combination of three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (3D-CFD) and experiments incorporating optical diagnostics, this work presents an integral approach for predicting combustion and autoignition in Spark Ignition (SI) engines. The turbulent premixed combustion and flame front propagation in 3D-CFD is modeled with the G-equation combustion model, i.e. a laminar flamelet approach, in combination with the level set method. Autoignition in the unburned gas zone is modeled with the Shell model based on reduced chemical reactions using optimized reaction rate coefficients for different octane numbers (ON) as well as engine relevant pressures, temperatures and EGR rates. The basic functionality and sensitivities of improved sub-models, e.g. laminar flame speed, are proven in simplified test cases followed by adequate engine test cases. It is shown that the G-equation combustion model performs well even on unstructured grids with polyhedral cells and coarse grid resolution. The validation of the knock model with respect to temporal and spatial knock onset is done with fiber optical spark plug measurements and statistical evaluation of individual knocking cycles with a frequency based pressure analysis. The results show a good correlation with the Shell autoignition relevant species in the simulation. The combined model approach with G-equation and Shell autoignition in an active formulation enables a realistic representation of thin flame fronts and hence the thermodynamic conditions prior to knocking by taking into account the ignition chemistry in unburned gas, temperature fluctuations and self-acceleration effects due to pre-reactions. By the modeling approach and simulation methodology presented in this work the overall predictive capability for the virtual development of future knockproof SI engines is improved.