Israeli Nuclear Weapons And War In The Middle East

Author : James D. Harden,Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 105 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1997-12-01
Category : Arab-Israeli conflict
ISBN : 1423564154

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Israeli Nuclear Weapons and War in the Middle East by James D. Harden,Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.) Pdf

This thesis examines the influence of the Israeli nuclear weapons capability on conflict in the Middle East. There are two perspectives regarding the impact of nuclear proliferation on strategic stability. Three paths to strategic instability are examined: preventive attacks, preemptive attacks, and the escalation of conventional conflict to nuclear war. The optimistic perspective argues that nuclear weapons make preventive and preemptive attacks less likely, and keep conventional conflict from escalating to nuclear war. The pessimistic perspective argues the opposite that nuclear weapons make preventive and preemptive attacks more likely, and raise the likelihood of escalation to nuclear war. My analysis of the Israeli cases shows that "opaque" nuclear proliferation decreases the pressure for preventive attacks, increases the chances for miscalculation, and creates sufficient concern about nuclear weapons to reduce the likelihood of preemptive attacks. Two factors help reduce the risk of nuclear proliferation as posed by proliferation pessimists, opaque nuclear weapons programs and nondeclaratory nuclear weapons policies. The implication of this research is that if the United States cannot dissuade a country from going nuclear, it should reinforce its incentives to maintain opacity and a nondeclaratory policy. Particular attention should be given to states which resist these efforts, as they represent the greatest risk of nuclear weapons use.

Author : Shlomo Aronson
Publisher : State University of New York Press
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-02-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780791495346

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The Politics and Strategy of Nuclear Weapons in the Middle East by Shlomo Aronson Pdf

Based on research from an array of American, Arab, British, French, German, and Israeli sources, this book provides a nuclear history of the world's most explosive region. Most significantly, it gives an exposition of Israel's acquisition and political use, or nonuse, of nuclear weapons as a central factor of its foreign policy in the 1960-1991 period. In stressing the factor of nuclear weapons, the author highlights an often-neglected aspect of Israeli security policy. This is the first interpretation of the historical development of nuclear doctrine in the Middle East that assesses the strategic implications of opacity—Israel's use of suggestion, rather than open acknowledgment, that it possesses nuclear weapons. Aronson discusses the strategic thinking of Israel, the Arab countries, the U.S., the former Soviet Union, and other countries and connects Israeli strategies for war, peace, territories, and the political economy with the use of nuclear deterrence. The author approaches the development of Israeli doctrines on nuclear weapons and defense in general within a large matrix that includes the United States; Israeli perceptions of Arab history, culture, and psychology; and Israeli perceptions of Israel's own history, culture, and psychology. He also deals with Arab perceptions of Israel's nuclear program and with Arab and Iranian incentives to go nuclear. In addition, he discusses at length the importance of nuclear factors in the conduct of the Persian Gulf War and examines the implications of the decline of the former Soviet Union for arms control and peace in the Middle East.

Author : Peter Pry
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 139 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2019-03-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780429725760

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Israel's Nuclear Arsenal by Peter Pry Pdf

Israel's Nuclear Arsenal is a full inquiry into the likely size and sophistication of the Israeli nuclear weapons program. Among the key questions it addresses are: Did other nations—the United States, France, or West Germany, for example—assist Israel in developing its nuclear weapons capacity? What is the nature of Israel's industrial nuclear inf

Author : Honoré Marc Catudal
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Israel
ISBN : UOM:39015022273893

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Israel's Nuclear Weaponry by Honoré Marc Catudal Pdf

Author : Warner D. Farr
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 52 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Israel
ISBN : SRLF:AA0009146242

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The Third Temple's Holy of Holies by Warner D. Farr Pdf

Abstract: "This paper is a history of the Israeli nuclear weapons program drawn from a review of unclassified sources ... Israel has most probably conducted several nuclear bomb tests. They have continued to modernize and vertically proliferate and are now one of the world's larger nuclear powers. Using 'bomb in the basement' nuclear opacity, Israel has been able to use its arsenal as a deterrent to the Arab world while not technically violating American nonproliferation requirements."

Author : Michael Karpin
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2006-03-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780743282345

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The Bomb in the Basement by Michael Karpin Pdf

THE BOMB IN THE BASEMENT tells the fascinating story of how Israel became the Middle East's only nuclear power and -- unlike Iraq and Iran -- succeeded in keeping its atomic program secret. Veteran Israeli journalist Michael Karpin explains how Israel, by far the smallest of the nuclear powers, succeeded in its ambitious effort. David Ben-Gurion saw the need for an atomic capability to offset the numerical superiority of Arab armies at war with Israel. The Israeli program relied heavily on French assistance in its early years, until President Charles de Gaulle reduced his country's cooperation. Once it was discovered, Israel's nuclear program cast a shadow over relations between Israel and the United States. The Kennedy administration opposed it, and President Lyndon Johnson approved it only tacitly. Significant change took place when President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger adopted a new strategy. An Israel that possessed nuclear capability was a more valuable asset to the West than an Israel without such an option. President Nixon ceased to press Israel to join the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and dropped U.S. surveillance of the Israeli reactor at Dimona. In exchange, Israel committed itself to maintain official ambiguity about its nuclear program. That policy remains in place nearly forty years later. Without American approval and the financial assistance and lobbying of Jews in North America, Israel could not have achieved its nuclear capability. This is a fascinating story of scientists, politicians, spies, and major international personalities who all played a part in an extraordinary undertaking that continues to shape the politics of the world's most volatile region. Today it remains to be seen whether Israel will permit Iran to build a nuclear bomb and threaten Israel's security.

Author : Shai Feldman
Publisher : Mit Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0262061899

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Nuclear Weapons and Arms Control in the Middle East by Shai Feldman Pdf

"An important contribution to the debate about Middle East arms control. Shai Feldman demonstrates his mastery of the subject, including some extremely important and interesting material on Arab conceptions and attitudes. A welcome counterpoint to much of the Western literature on the nuclear dimension of the Middle East arms control." -- Geoffrey Kemp, Nixon Center for Peace and Freedom The political dimensions of the Arab-Israeli relationship have changed dramatically in recent years. Israel and its Arab neighbors have made remarkable progress toward resolving long-standing conflicts. In "Nuclear Weapons and Arms Control in the Middle East," Shai Feldman considers whether these political breakthroughs have set the stage for agreements on controlling nuclear weapons in the region. He presents a richly detailed overview of the current situation and lays out an agenda for future efforts to reduce the risk of nuclear war in the Middle East. Feldman, whose background in strategic studies includes nearly two decades of research at Tel Aviv University's Jaffee Center for Strategic Studies, provides a comprehensive analysis of the nuclear programs of Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Libya, and Syria. He presents a detailed picture of how Israel and the Arab states view nuclear weapons -- their utility, and the threats they pose to regional security -- and explores the different approaches that Israel and the Arab states have adopted toward nuclear arms control. Feldman concludes by suggesting interim measures that might help bridge the gap between these different perspectives. CSIA Studies in International Security

Author : Barry R. Schneider
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015075629686

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Middle East Security Issues by Barry R. Schneider Pdf

The ten authors of the essays in this study examine issues that the US must address if its national security policy in the Middle East is to be well informed. In "NBC and Missile Proliferation in the Middle East," Lawrence Scheinman summarizes the nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons capabilities and missile systems of Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Libya, and Syria. Scheinman argues that that stability in the region is best served by universal adherence to treaties to prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). Anthony R. Cordesman, in his essay "Recent Developments in the Persian Gulf," looks at both the conventional and WMD military balance between the states in the region. He assesses the volume of arms transfers to each state in the region and their impact on balance of power in the region. In "Arab Perspectives on Middle Eastern Security," Ibrahim A. Karawan, concludes that the lack of success in curbing the spread of nuclear weapons in the Middle East is not surprising. Karawan asserts that the proliferation of chemical and biological weapons among Arab and Middle East states is a natural deterrence response. Avner Cohen, in "Regional Security and Arms Control in the Middle East: The Nuclear Dimension," explains the diametrically opposite approaches taken by the two sides in the arms control and regional security negotiations. Cohen asserts that the future of nuclear arms control in the region will depend on progress toward the settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict and the evolution of politics and society in states outside the region. In "The Egyptian-Israeli confrontation over the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty," W. Andrew Terrill compares and contrasts the Egyptian and Israeli views of how best to achieve a nuclear-free zone in the Middle East.

Author : Sami G. Hajjar
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : UOM:39015042082787

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Security Implications of the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction in the Middle East by Sami G. Hajjar Pdf

This monograph addresses the important question of the security implications for the nations of the region of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction in the Middle East. The Strategic Studies Institute is pleased to offer the monograph as a contribution to the national security debate on this important issue. The author offers a unique perspective based on extensive interviews that he conducted in the region, and makes specific policy recommendations for U.S. military and civilian decisionmakers.

Author : Shyam Bhatia
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 137 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-10-24
Category : History
ISBN : 9781351797122

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Nuclear Rivals in the Middle East by Shyam Bhatia Pdf

Nuclear weapons are the elusive ‘toys’ of modern warfare and are hankered after by every Middle Eastern government. Although no Middle eastern government has formally admitted that the purpose of its investment in nuclear research is to develop weapons, it is certain that two countries, Israel and Pakistan, have mastered the technology for making nuclear bombs and that others are attempting to manipulate their nuclear hardware to this end. The combination of these nuclear ambitions, the large amounts of money that can be made available for research and the area’s political instability make the region a powerful example of both the drive towards, and the dangers of, nuclear proliferation. This book, first published in 1988, examines the evolution of nuclear research and development in the region. It shows that it is the product of a complex web of internal and external factors, fuelled by considerations of international prestige and local rivalries. Whilst concluding that it is probably no longer possible to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons technology to the Middle East, it suggests ways in which the rate of proliferation can be slowed down.

Author : Yair Evron
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2014-06-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317831747

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Israel's Nuclear Dilemma (Routledge Revivals) by Yair Evron Pdf

Originally published in 1994, Yair Evron opens the book with an account of the development of Israel's nuclear doctrine and the internal disagreements within the Israeli political and strategic elite over how nuclear policy should be conducted. There follows an analysis of the reactions from Arab states and of how, with the exception of Iraq, they have so far refrained from developing their own nuclear weapons.

Author : Isabella Ginor,Gideon Remez
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2008-10-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780300135046

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Foxbats Over Dimona by Isabella Ginor,Gideon Remez Pdf

Isabella Ginor and Gideon Remez’s groundbreaking history of the Six-Day War in 1967 radically changes our understanding of that conflict, casting it as a crucial arena of Cold War intrigue that has shaped the Middle East to this day. The authors, award-winning Israeli journalists and historians, have investigated newly available documents and testimonies from the former Soviet Union, cross-checked them against Israeli and Western sources, and arrived at fresh and startling conclusions. Contrary to previous interpretations, Ginor and Remez’s book shows that the Six-Day War was the result of a joint Soviet-Arab gambit to provoke Israel into a preemptive attack. The authors reveal how the Soviets received a secret Israeli message indicating that Israel, despite its official ambiguity, was about to acquire nuclear weapons. Determined to destroy Israel’s nuclear program before it could produce an atomic bomb, the Soviets then began preparing for war--well before Moscow accused Israel of offensive intent, the overt trigger of the crisis. Ginor and Remez’s startling account details how the Soviet-Arab onslaught was to be unleashed once Israel had been drawn into action and was branded as the aggressor. The Soviets had submarine-based nuclear missiles poised for use against Israel in case it already possessed and tried to use an atomic device, and the USSR prepared and actually began a marine landing on Israel’s shores backed by strategic bombers and fighter squadrons. They sent their most advanced, still-secret aircraft, the MiG-25 Foxbat, on provocative sorties over Israel’s Dimona nuclear complex to prepare the planned attack on it, and to scare Israel into making the first strike. It was only the unpredicted devastation of Israel’s response that narrowly thwarted the Soviet design.

Author : Michael I. Karpin
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Israel
ISBN : 9780743265942

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The Bomb in the Basement by Michael I. Karpin Pdf

"Veteran Israeli journalist Michael Karpin explains how Israel, by far the smallest of the nuclear powers, succeeded in its ambitious effort.

Author : Taysir N. Nashif
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UOM:39015012169119

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Nuclear Warfare in the Middle East by Taysir N. Nashif Pdf

Author : Robert J. Pranger,Dale R. Tahtinen
Publisher : American Enterprise Institute Press
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1975
Category : History
ISBN : UCAL:B3977510

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Nuclear Threat in the Middle East by Robert J. Pranger,Dale R. Tahtinen Pdf