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Under the new world order, Japan's international business activity is being organised through tight networks that link banks, industrial corporations and trading companies and that are displacing onto Asia their main domestic problems. Since the US and Europe are refusing to fulfil that function, Japan is forming a new three-zone strategy in which production, marketing and finance are tightly coordinated within each zone but in which there is also an overall shift away from North America and Europe towards Asia.
Under the new world order, Japan's international business activity is being organised through tight networks that link banks, industrial corporations and trading companies and that are displacing onto Asia their main domestic problems. Since the US and Europe are refusing to fulfil that function, Japan is forming a new three-zone strategy in which production, marketing and finance are tightly coordinated within each zone but in which there is also an overall shift away from North America and Europe towards Asia.
Japan and a New World Economic Order by Kyoshi Kojima Pdf
President Nixon’s new economic policy of August 1971, aggravated by the oil problem since October 1973 caused chaos and uncertainty in the international trade and currency system. There were fears of another 1930s style depression. In addition, a world food shortage and strident claims by developing countries for perpetual sovereignty over resources added another set of difficulties. This volume, written from Japan’s standpoint, suggests a new direction for the world and regional economic order. The book tackles two major issues in international economics: Firstly, traditional international trade theory aims only at static maximization in the use of world human and material resources, but, the author stresses more attention should be paid to such dynamic or developmental elements as population growth, immigration, natural resource development, improvement in transfer of technology, economies of scale, direct foreign investment and economic integration in order to create development centres or sectors in the world economy. Secondly, the author discusses how to combine a global and regional approach to economic integration.
American Power, the New World Order and the Japanese Challenge by W. Nester Pdf
This book analyzes US-Japan relations amidst the changing nature of power and international relations. Chapters explore the relative successes and shortcomings of American liberalism and Japanese Neomercantilism, the bilateral trade duels over finance, high technology, agriculture, and other industries, and the costs and benefits of foreign investment and military spending. The book concludes with suggestions for a systemic and radical overhaul of American policies toward itself, the global economy, and Japan.
Author : Donald C. Hellmann Publisher : New York : Praeger Page : 264 pages File Size : 46,6 Mb Release : 1972 Category : East Asia ISBN : UOM:39015012161603
The Crisis of Liberal Internationalism by Yoichi Funabashi,G. John Ikenberry Pdf
A 2020 CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title Japan's challenges and opportunities in a new era of uncertainty Henry Kissinger wrote a few years ago that Japan has been for seven decades “an important anchor of Asian stability and global peace and prosperity.” However, Japan has only played this anchoring role within an American-led liberal international order built from the ashes of World War II. Now that order itself is under siege, not just from illiberal forces such as China and Russia but from its very core, the United States under Donald Trump. The already evident damage to that order, and even its possible collapse, pose particular challenges for Japan, as explored in this book. Noted experts survey the difficult position that Japan finds itself in, both abroad and at home. The weakening of the rules-based order threatens the very basis of Japan's trade-based prosperity, with the unreliability of U.S. protection leaving Japan vulnerable to an economic and technological superpower in China and at heightened risk from a nuclear North Korea. Japan's response to such challenges are complicated by controversies over constitutional revision and the dark aspects of its history that remain a source of tension with its neighbors. The absence of virulent strains of populism have helped to provide Japan with a stable platform from which to pursue its international agenda. Yet with a rapidly aging population, widening intergenerational inequality, and high levels of public debt, the sources of Japan's stability—its welfare state and immigration policies—are becoming increasingly difficult to sustain. Each of the book's chapters is written by a specialist in the field, and the book benefits from interviews with more than 40 Japanese policymakers and experts, as well as a public opinion survey. The book outlines today's challenges to the liberal international order, proposes a role for Japan to uphold, reform and shape the order, and examines Japan's assets as well as constraints as it seeks to play the role of a proactive stabilizer in the Asia-Pacific.
American Power, the New World Order, and the Japanese Challenge by William R. Nester Pdf
"The Cold War is over - Japan won!" How true is this popular perception? Will the next century be Japan's rather than America's? Japan has clearly replaced the USA as the world's most dynamic economic power by most financial, manufacturing and technological measures. Japan's success rate rests on the rejection of liberal economics and the adoption instead of neomercantilist policies which nurture both growing and declining industries through a dynamic mixture of corporate collusion and competition. How important is all this? What does it matter if the USA continues to run deficits while Japan amasses huge surpluses, and surpasses the USA in manufacturing, financial and technological power? Should the USA adopt Japan-style neomercantilism or retain its free-market policies? How does continuing American liberalism and Japanese neomercantilism, and the related tremendous shift in the balance of economic power from the USA to Japan, affect American security? Can America's decline be reversed? The book explores these and related questions concerning US-Japan relations in a rapidly changing, interdependent world.
World War I and the Triumph of a New Japan, 1919–1930 by Frederick R. Dickinson Pdf
Frederick R. Dickinson illuminates a new, integrative history of interwar Japan that highlights the transformative effects of the Great War far from the Western Front. World War I and the Triumph of a New Japan, 1919–1930 reveals how Japan embarked upon a decade of national reconstruction following the Paris Peace Conference, rivalling the monumental rebuilding efforts in post-Versailles Europe. Taking World War I as his anchor, Dickinson examines the structural foundations of a new Japan, discussing the country's wholehearted participation in new post-war projects of democracy, internationalism, disarmament and peace. Dickinson proposes that Japan's renewed drive for military expansion in the 1930s marked less a failure of Japan's interwar culture than the start of a tumultuous domestic debate over the most desirable shape of Japan's twentieth-century world. This stimulating study will engage students and researchers alike, offering a unique, global perspective of interwar Japan.
The New World Order -- far from being anything "new" -- is an order which has been evolving for more than one hundred years. This thesis begins with the idea for an elite establishment of one late 19th century individual, Cecil Rhodes, and shows how it has developed into the several organizations that make up the Global Regime today. Although the term "New World Order" has been a buzzword since the Bush era, the majority of people around the world remain uncertain of the meaning. This thesis will demonstrate that it is an order with an underlying economic agenda. This is illustrated by examining various reports written by members or the Regime which reveal their goals and intentions, and also by examining detailed studies done on policies they have implemented. Finally, this thesis suggests that the Global Regime is now near its ultimate goal of dominating global economic matters.
Who Rules Japan? by Harold Kerbo,John A. McKinstry Pdf
Fifty years ago, a new alliance of Japanese elites sparked the miraculous transformation of their country from a land decimated by war to an economic superpower that would become the envy of the world. These elites represented the best and brightest of Japan and they were willing to make great sacrifices for the prosperity of their people. Now, this same elitist system may be the nation's downfall. The new elites who replaced the pre-World War II zaibatsu elite have formed their own brand of upper class rule based on corporate control and domination of the state. Intent on solidifying their power through arranged marriages and interlocking families, many Japanese believe the new elite has become corrupt and self-serving. The resulting inequality has spurred growing anger among the non-elite classes. At a time when stability defines the new world order, Japan faces its greatest threat—the threat from within. Bound to be controversial, Who Rules Japan? is a study that expertly connects the country's economic, cultural, historical, and political facets. Kerbo and McKinstry explain how this new type of upper class has gradually spurned the traditional ideals of democracy in favor of an elitist approach that exploits the masses and causes ominous unrest. As a result, Japan is now confronted with a critical turning point in its history. The elites must choose between consolidating their personal power by continuing to resist change or beginning to make necessary sacrifices for their nation at the expense of their own privilege and prestige. The course they take will determine Japan's fate and the shape of the world order into the next century. Unique in its approach, this book will be of interest to scholars, researchers, students, and the general reader—all those interested in understanding Japan's inner struggle.
Author : Thomas W. Burkman Publisher : University of Hawaii Press Page : 314 pages File Size : 41,9 Mb Release : 2007-12-03 Category : History ISBN : 9780824829827
Japan and the League of Nations by Thomas W. Burkman Pdf
Japan joined the League of Nations in 1920 as a charter member and one of four permanent members of the League Council. Until conflict arose between Japan and the organization over the 1931 Manchurian Incident, the League was a centerpiece of Japan’s policy to maintain accommodation with the Western powers. The picture of Japan as a positive contributor to international comity, however, is not the conventional view of the country in the early and mid-twentieth century. Rather, this period is usually depicted in Japan and abroad as a history of incremental imperialism and intensifying militarism, culminating in war in China and the Pacific. Even the empire’s interface with the League of Nations is typically addressed only at nodes of confrontation: the 1919 debates over racial equality as the Covenant was drafted and the 1931–1933 League challenge to Japan’s seizure of northeast China. This volume fills in the space before, between, and after these nodes and gives the League relationship the legitimate place it deserves in Japanese international history of the 1920s and 1930s. It also argues that the Japanese cooperative international stance in the decades since the Pacific War bears noteworthy continuity with the mainstream international accommodationism of the League years. Thomas Burkman sheds new light on the meaning and content of internationalism in an era typically seen as a showcase for diplomatic autonomy and isolation. Well into the 1930s, the vestiges of international accommodationism among diplomats and intellectuals are clearly evident. The League project ushered those it affected into world citizenship and inspired them to build bridges across boundaries and cultures. Burkman’s cogent analysis of Japan’s international role is enhanced and enlivened by his descriptions of the personalities and initiatives of Makino Nobuaki, Ishii Kikujirô, Nitobe Inazô, Matsuoka Yôsuke, and others in their Geneva roles.
Cultural Internationalism and World Order by Akira Iriye Pdf
But he does not overlook the tensions the movement encountered with the real politics of the day, including the militarism that led up to World War I, the rise of extreme strains of nationalism in Germany and Japan before World War II, and the bipolar rivalries of the Cold War.
This volume explores key states and their changing conceptions of the international order in the post-Cold War era. Taken collectively, the contributors' analyses of the United States, the Soviet Union and its successor states, Japan, the People's Republic of China, the East Asian Little Dragons and Germany and the European Community paint a detailed portrait of the emerging world order. This multidisciplinary group of contributors utilizes a diversity of theoretical and methodological approaches to confront common themes and questions: How do states reorganize the world by creating idioms and conceptions of international order? What is the state's definition of its own role and the role of others? How has the state's idiom and conception of the international order shifted from the recent past? What role does the past play in approaches to the world order-in terms of historical traditions, fears, and memories? These questions are illuminated by considering such crucial issues as the state's approach to international or supranational institutions and legal codes, particularly in the area of economy and international human rights, and the role of the state vis-Ã -vis other states: Does the state have hegemonic tendencies and an active role in maintaining international stability? Does it stress independence or interdependence? Isolationism or internationalism? These original essays suggest the nascent form the international order is taking in an otherwise turbulent world. Understanding how states view the post-Cold War arena is of paramount importance for comprehending the development of the new world order. In addressing these issues, this volume not only provides concrete, timely answers but offers a variety of theoretical and methodological tools for scholars, policymakers, and the informed public.
