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Author : Barbara Reskin,Patricia A. Roos
Publisher : Temple University Press
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1990-11-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780877227441
A controversial interpretation of women's dramatic inroads into several male occupations
Author : Patricia A. Roos
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:746470587
Since 1970, women have made widely publicized gains in several customarily male occupations. Many commentators have understood this apparent integration as an important step to sexual equality in the workplace. Barbara F. Reskin and Patricia A. Roos read a different lesson in the changing gender composition of occupations that were traditionally reserved for men. With persuasive evidence, Job Queues, Gender Queues offers a controversial interpretation of women's dramatic inroads into several male occupations based on case studies of "feminizing" male occupation. The authors propose and develop a queuing theory of occupations' sex composition. This theory contends that the labor market comprises a "gender queue" with employers preferring male to female workers for most jobs. Workers also rank jobs into a "job queue." As a result, the highest-ranked workers monopolize the most desirable jobs. Reskin and Roos use this queuing perspective to explain why several male occupations opened their doors to women after 1970. The second part of the book provides evidence for this queuing analysis by presenting case studies of the feminization of specific occupations. These include book editor, pharmacist, public relations specialist, bank manager, systems analyst, insurance adjuster, insurance salesperson, real estate salesperson, bartender, baker, and typesetter/compositor.
Author : Laurel Smith-Doerr
Publisher : Lynne Rienner Publishers
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1588262642
Women scientists working in small, for-profit companies are eight times more likely than their university counterparts to head a research lab. Why? Laurel Smith-Doerr reveals that, contrary to widely held assumptions, strong career opportunities for women and minorities do not depend on the formal policies and long job ladders that large, hierarchical bureaucracies provide. In fact, highly internally linked bio technology firms are far better workplaces for female scientists (when compared to university settings or established pharmaceutical companies), offering women richer opportunities for career advancement. Based on quantitative analyses of more than two-thousand life scientists careers and qualitative studies of scientists in eight biotech and university settings, Smith-Doerr s work shows clearly that the network form of organization, rather than fostering old boy networks, provides the organizational flexibility that not only stimulates innovation, but also aids women s success.
Author : David Grusky
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 928 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000311891
This book assembles classic and contemporary articles representing the major sociological approaches to understanding social inequality. Although there are various competing texts covering issues of social inequality, this book is the only comprehensive source of classic and contemporary articles that have defined and redefined the contours of the field. The introductory articles in each section of the book provide examples of the major research traditions in the field, while the concluding essays (commissioned by leading scholars) provide broader programmatic statements that identify current controversies and unresolved issues.. The field of stratification is being transformed and reshaped by advances in theory and quantitative modeling as well as by new approaches to the analysis of economic, racial, and gender inequality. Although these developments are revolutionary in their implications, until now there has been no comprehensive effort to bring together the classic articles that have defined the contours of the field. In this revised and updated second edition of Social Stratification , the history of stratification research unfolds in systematic fashion, with the introductory articles in each section providing examples of the major research traditions in the field and the concluding essays (commissioned from leading scholars) providing broader programmatic statements that identify current controversies and unresolved issues. This comprehensive reader is designed as a primary text for introductory courses on social stratification and as a supplementary text for advanced courses on occupations, labor markets, or social mobility. The field of stratification is being transformed and reshaped by advances in theory and quantitative modeling as well as by new approaches to the analysis of economic, racial, and gender inequality. Although these developments are revolutionary in their implications, until now there has been no comprehensive effort to bring together the classic and contemporary articles that define the contours of the field. In this revised and updated edition of Social Stratification, the history of stratification research unfolds in systematic fashion, with the introductory articles in each section providing examples of the major research traditions in the field and the concluding essays (commissioned from leading scholars) providing broader programmatic statements that identify current controversies and unresolved issues. The resulting collection of articles both celebrates the diversity of theoretical approaches and reveals the cumulative nature of ongoing research. This comprehensive reader is designed as a primary text for introductory courses on social stratification and as a supplementary text for advanced courses on social classes, occupations, labor markets, or social mobility. The following types of questions and debates are addressed in the six sections of the reader:Forms and Sources of Stratif ication: What are the major forms of inequality in human history? Can the ubiquity of inequality be attributed to individual differences in talent or ability? Is some form of inequality an inevitable feature of human life? The Structure of Contemporary Stratification: What are the principal fault lines or social cleavages that define the contemporary class structure? Have these cleavages strengthened or weakened with the transition to modernity and postmodernity? Generating Stratification: How frequently do individuals move into new classes, occupations, or income groups? Is there a permanent underclass? To what extent are occupational outcomes determined by such forces as intelligence, effort, schooling, aspirations, social contacts, and individual luck? The Consequences of Stratification: How are the life-styles, attitudes, and behaviors of individuals shaped by their class locations? Are there identifiable class cultures in past and present societies? Ascriptive Processes: What types of social processes and state policies serve to maintain or alter racial, ethnic, and sex discrimination in labor markets? Have these forms of discrimination weakened or strengthened with the transition to modernity and postmodernity?The Future of Stratification: Will stratification systems take on completely new and distinctive forms in the future? How unequal will these systems be? Is the concept of social class still useful in describing postmodern forms of stratification? Are stratification systems gradually shedding their distinctive features and converging towards some common (i.e., postmodern) regime?The volume offers essential reading for undergraduates who need an introduction to the field, for graduate students who wish to broaden their understanding of stratification research, and for advanced scholars who seek a basic reference guide. Although most of the selections are middle-range theoretical pieces suitable for introductory courses, the anthology also includes advanced contributions on the cutting edge of research. The editor outlines a modified study plan for undergraduate students requiring a basic introduction to the field.
Author : Shirley A. Jackson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2014-07-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781134178827
The Routledge International Handbook of Race, Class, and Gender chronicles the development, growth, history, impact, and future direction of race, gender, and class studies from a multidisciplinary perspective. The research in this subfield has been wide-ranging, including works in sociology, gender studies, anthropology, political science, social policy, history, and public health. As a result, the interdisciplinary nature of race, gender, and class and its ability to reach a large audience has been part of its appeal. The Handbook provides clear and informative essays by experts from a variety of disciplines, addressing the diverse and broad-based impact of race, gender, and class studies. The Handbook is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students who are looking for a basic history, overview of key themes, and future directions for the study of the intersection of race, class, and gender. Scholars new to the area will also find the Handbook’s approach useful. The areas covered and the accompanying references will provide readers with extensive opportunities to engage in future research in the area.
Author : David B. Grusky
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1259 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429974274
The book covers the research on economic inequality, including the social construction of racial categories, the uneven and stalled gender revolution, and the role of new educational forms and institutions in generating both equality and inequality.
Author : Frank Ackerman,Neva R. Goodwin,Laurie Dougherty,Kevin Gallagher
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1998-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 159726329X
Human impacts on the environment are largely driven by economic forces. If a more ecologically sustainable world is to be achieved, significant changes must be made to the current growth- and consumption-dependent economic system. The Frontier Issues in Economic Thought series was designed to assist the growing number of economists and others who are responding to the need for new thinking about economics in the face of environmental and social forces that are reshaping the world.The Changing Nature of Work examines the causes and effects of the rapid transformation of the world of work. It provides concise summaries of the key writings on work and workplace issues, extending the frontiers of labor economics to include the often overlooked social and psychological dimensions of work.The book begins with a foreword by former Secretary of Labor Robert Reich that presents labor in contemporary perspective. An introductory overview provides a brief history of the changing nature of work and situates current problems in the context of longer-term developments. Following that are eight topical sections that feature three- to five-page summaries for each of the ten to twelve most important articles or book chapters on a subject.Sections cover.new directions in labor economics social and psychological dimensions of work and unemployment globalization and labor new technologies and organizational change flexibility and internal labor markets new patterns of industrial relations family, gender, paid and unpaid work difference and diversity in the workplaceThe book provides a roadmap for scholars on the vast and diverse literature concerning labor issues, and affords students a quick overview of that rapidly changing field. It is an important contribution to the series and is a valuable book for anyone interested in labor, as well as for students and scholars of labor economics, industrial sociology, industrial relations, social psychology, and their respective disciplines.
Author : David Grusky
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2018-05-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780429968389
This book redirects the focus of public debate to issues of gender and racial segregation and suggests that they should be fundamental to thinking about the status of black Americans and the origins of the urban underclass. It is a starting point for students and advanced scholars of inequality.
Author : Helen A. Moore
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2015-11-17
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317252443
Focusing on the schooling of diverse girls and women in the United States, this book highlights topics of gendered curricula, racialized experiences of standardized testing, and dominant cultural socialization. By weaving critical education theories with sociological analyses of race, class and gender, Moore provides historical and contemporary illustrations of "hostile hallways" for students and the devaluation of teaching as a profession. In suggesting feminist and anti-racist pedagogical models of empowerment, Schooling Girls, Queuing Women presents several potential solutions to the problem of classroom inequality for diverse women and girls.
Author : Natalie J. Sokoloff
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2014-01-09
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317960898
Women of all racial\ethnic backrounds and minority men have been hailed as the major beneficiaries of the expansion in political, economic, and employment opportunities of the 1960s and 1970s. The author uses data derived from a twenty year span of census material to provide a thorough analysis of gender and race segregation throughout the professional occupations in the U.S. during this period of massive social change. She makes clear the advances achieved by all groups-men and women, black and white-during this period of economic expansion, as well as insightfully evaluating the differential advantage of white men against all other race/gender groups. At the same time, Professor Sokoloff provides compelling evidence challenging several myths, such as that of the two-fer myth, whereby black women are said to benefit two-fold from their race and gender statuses from affirmative action.
Author : Robyn Ryle
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 569 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2011-01-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781412965941
A unique multidimensional view of the relationship between the state, society, and oppression Designed to help students analyze and understand political developments in the world around them, this unique text covers a wide array of political sociology concepts and theoretical perspectives. The book's proposed multidimensional view emphasizes the interplay between power, inequality, multiple oppressions, and the state. Blending elements of today's prevalent power structure theories, this framework provides students with a unique focus on the structure of power and inequality in society today. Features: A critical analysis of commonly ignored theoretical perspectives, including anarchist theory, queer theory, and post-structuralism, provides an interdisciplinary perspective. Unique multidimensional topics include class-based, racialized, and gendered state policies and practices in Chapter 7, and paths of resistance, challenge, and subversion, particularly social movements, in Chapter 6. Chapter-ending critical thinking and discussion questions ask students to apply the chapter's conceptual frameworks and concepts to contemporary issues or current events. Charts and diagrams throughout the book help students process conceptual ideas, data, and a wide range of perspectives.
Author : Paula D. Nesbitt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1997-04-24
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780195355451
Feminization is said to occur when women enter any given occupation in substantial numbers, and ostensibly leads to such dynamics as sex-segregation, reduced opportunities for men, and depressed wages and diminished prestige for the occupation as a whole. Spanning more than 70 years, Paula Nesbitt's study of feminization concentrates on the Episcopal Church and the Unitarian Universalist Association, utilizing both statistical results and interviews to compare occupational patterns prior and subsequent to the large influx of women clergy. Among her findings, the author discovers that a decline in men's opportunities is evident before the 1970s, preceding the great influx of women over the last two decades. She also finds that increases in the number of women ordained reduced occupational prospects for other women, but enhanced those for men, thus contradicting the popular myth that women in the workplace are responsible for occupational decline.
Author : Robert Max Jackson
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2010-09-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780674057289
Men and women remain unequal in the United States, but in this provocative book, Robert Max Jackson demonstrates that gender inequality is irrevocably crumbling. Destined for Equality, the first integrated analysis of gender inequality's modern decline, tells the story of that progressive movement toward equality over the past two centuries in America, showing that women's status has risen consistently and continuously. Jackson asserts that women's rising status has been due largely to the emergence of modern political and economic organizations, which have transformed institutional priorities concerning gender. Although individual politicians and businessmen generally believed women should remain in their traditional roles, Jackson shows that it was simply not in the interests of modern enterprise and government to foster inequality. The search for profits, votes, organizational rationality, and stability all favored a gender-neutral approach that improved women's status. The inherent gender impartiality of organizational interests won out over the prejudiced preferences of the men who ran them. As economic power migrated into large-scale organizations inherently indifferent to gender distinctions, the patriarchal model lost its social and cultural sway, and women's continual efforts to rise in the world became steadily more successful. Total gender equality will eventually prevail; the only questions remaining are what it will look like, and how and when it will arrive.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2015-11-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781785603464
This book investigates the contexts of gender segregation in vocational education (VET) from a cross-national, comparative perspective. It tackles questions about occupational expectations, gendered pathways to applied fields of study, feminization of occupations and the relationship between educational choice and opportunity structures.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1997-04
Category : Labor laws and legislation
ISBN : UIUC:30112101050984
Publishes in-depth articles on labor subjects, current labor statistics, information about current labor contracts, and book reviews.