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Justice and Restitution in Post-Nazi Romania by Ștefan Cristian Ionescu Pdf
"After the collapse of the pro-Nazi dictatorship of Ion Antonescu in 1944, Jewish survivors in Romania sought to recuperate their rights and assets. This study analyzes both the attempts of the transitional government to repeal antisemitic legislation, and the later communist nationalizations that once again dispossessed Jewish communities"--
Justice and Restitution in Post-Nazi Romania by Stefan Cristian Ionescu Pdf
On 23rd August 1944, following the collapse of the pro-Nazi dictatorship of Ion Antonescu, Romania changed sides and abandoned the Axis to join the Allies. Justice and Restitution in Post-Nazi Romania explores the hopes, struggles and disappointments of Jewish communities in Romania seeking to rebuild their lives after the Holocaust. Focusing on the efforts of survivors to recuperate rights and property, Stefan Cristian Ionescu demonstrates how the early transitional government enabled short term restitution. However, from 1948, the consolidated communist regime implemented nationalizations which dispossessed many citizens. Jewish communities were disproportionality affected, and real estate and many businesses were lost once again. Drawing on archival sources from government documentation to diaries and newspaper reports, this study explores both the early success and later reversal of restitution policies. In doing so, it sheds light on the postwar treatment of Romanian Jewish survivors, and the reasons so many survivors emigrated from Romania.
Transitional Justice in Post-Communist Romania by Lavinia Stan Pdf
This is the first volume to overview the complex Romanian transitional justice effort, detail the political negotiations that have led to the adoption and implementation of relevant legislation, and assess these processes in terms of their timing, sequencing, and impact on democratization.
Michael J. Bazyler,Kathryn Lee Boyd,Kristen L. Nelson,Rajika L. Shah
Author : Michael J. Bazyler,Kathryn Lee Boyd,Kristen L. Nelson,Rajika L. Shah Publisher : Oxford University Press Page : 504 pages File Size : 55,9 Mb Release : 2018-12-11 Category : Law ISBN : 9780190923082
Searching for Justice After the Holocaust by Michael J. Bazyler,Kathryn Lee Boyd,Kristen L. Nelson,Rajika L. Shah Pdf
The Nazis and their state-sponsored cohorts stole mercilessly from the Jews of Europe. In the aftermath of the Holocaust, returning survivors had to navigate a frequently unclear path to recover their property from governments and neighbors who had failed to protect them and who often had been complicit in their persecution. While the return of Nazi-looted art has garnered the most media attention, and there have been well-publicized settlements involving stolen Swiss bank deposits and unpaid insurance policies, there is a larger piece of Holocaust injustice that has not been adequately dealt with: stolen land and buildings, much of which today still remain unrestituted. This book is about the less publicized area of post-Holocaust restitution involving immovable (real) property confiscated from European Jews and others during World War II. In 2009, 47 countries convened in Prague to deal with the lingering problem of restitution of pre-war private, communal and heirless property stolen in the Holocaust. The outcome was the issuance by 47 states of the Terezin Declaration on Holocaust Era Assets and Related Issues, which aimed, among other things, to "rectify the consequences" of the wrongful property seizures. This book sets forth the legal history of Holocaust immovable property restitution in each of the Terezin Declaration signatory states. It also analyses how each of the 47 countries has fulfilled the standards of the Guidelines and Best Practices of the Terezin Declaration, issued in 2010 in conjunction with the establishment of the European Shoah Legacy Institute (ESLI) to monitor compliance. The book is based on the Holocaust (Shoah) Immovable Property Restitution Study commissioned by ESLI, written by the authors and issued in Brussels in 2017 before the European Parliament.
Post-Communist Restitution and the Rule of Law by Csongor Kuti Pdf
Eastern European societies underwent large-scale deprivations of property by the authoritarian regimes, beginning after World War II, largely ending with the last waves of the kolkhoz movement in the early 1960s. Kuti examines property reparations that took place after 1989, from the perspective of constitutional justice, the rule of law, but also from the point of view of identity politics.
Jews and Anti-Semitism in the Balkans by Oto Luthar,Wolf Moskovich,Irena Šumi Pdf
Knjiga prinaša osem prispevkov z mednarodne konference Jews and Anti-semitism in the Balkans (Judje in antisemitizem na Balkanu), ki je potekala na Bledu od 20. do 24. oktobra 2002. Avtorji tematizirajo vrsto socialnih aspektov sodobnega antisemitizma. Večinoma se osredotočajo na detajlne zgodovinske orise in analize aktualne situacije Judov in javnega, državnega in stereotipnega antisemitizma znotraj nacionalnih okvirov držav na Balkanu. Zlasti podrobno je obdelan čas po padcu komunističnih režimov.
The first book to tell the complete story of the American attempt at restitution for victims of the Holocaust The Holocaust was not only the greatest murder in history; it was also the greatest theft. Historians estimate that the Nazis stole roughly $230 billion to $320 billion in assets (figured in today’s dollars), from the Jews of Europe. Since the revelations concerning the wartime activities of the Swiss banks first broke in the late 1990s, an ever-widening circle of complicity and wrongdoing against Jews and other victims has emerged in the course of lawsuits waged by American lawyers. These suits involved German corporations, French and Austrian banks, European insurance companies, and double thefts of art—first by the Nazis, and then by museums and private collectors refusing to give them up. All of these injustices have come to light thanks to the American legal system. Holocaust Justice is the first book to tell the complete story of the legal campaign, conducted mainly on American soil, to address these injustices. Michael Bazyler, a legal scholar specializing in human rights and international law, takes an in-depth look at the series of lawsuits that gave rise to a coherent campaign to right historical wrongs. Diplomacy, individual pleas for justice by Holocaust survivors and various Jewish organizations for the last fifty years, and even suits in foreign courts, had not worked. It was only with the intervention of the American courts that elderly Holocaust survivors and millions of other wartime victims throughout the world were awarded compensation, and equally important, acknowledgment of the crimes committed against them. The unique features of the American system of justice—which allowed it to handle claims that originated over fifty years ago and in another part of the world—made it the only forum in the world where Holocaust claims could be heard. Without the lawsuits brought by American lawyers, Bazyler asserts, the claims of the elderly survivors and their heirs would continue to be ignored. For the first time in history, European and even American corporations are now being forced to pay restitution for war crimes totaling billions of dollars to Holocaust survivors and other victims. Bazyler deftly tells the unfolding stories: the Swiss banks’ attempt to hide dormant bank accounts belonging to Holocaust survivors or heirs of those who perished in the war; German private companies that used slave laborers during World War II—including American subsidiaries in Germany; Italian, Swiss and German insurance companies that refused to pay on prewar policies; and the legal wrangle going on today in American courts over art looted by the Nazis in wartime Europe. He describes both the human and legal dramas involved in the struggle for restitution, bringing the often-forgotten voices of Holocaust survivors to the forefront. He also addresses the controversial legal and moral issues over Holocaust restitution and the ethical debates over the distribution of funds. With an eye to the future, Bazyler discusses the enduring legacy of Holocaust restitution litigation, which is already being used as a model for obtaining justice for historical wrongs on both the domestic and international stage.
Holocaust Remembrance between the National and the Transnational by Larissa Allwork Pdf
Holocaust Remembrance Between the National and the Transnational provides a key study of the remembrance of the Jewish Catastrophe and the Nazi-era past in the world arena. It uses a range of primary documentation from the restitution conferences, speeches and presentations made at the Stockholm International Forum of 2000 (SIF 2000), a global event and an attempt to mark a defining moment in the inter-cultural construction of the political and institutional memory of the Holocaust in the USA, Europe and Israel. Containing oral history interviews with delegates to the conference and contemporary press reports, this book explores the inter-relationships between global and national Holocaust remembrances. The causes, consequences and 'cosmopolitan' intellectual context for understanding the SIF 2000 are discussed in great detail. Larissa Allwork examines this seminal moment in efforts to globally promote the important, if ever controversial, topics of Holocaust remembrance, worldwide Genocide prevention and the commemoration of the Nazi past. Providing a balanced assessment of the Stockholm Project, this book is an important study for those interested in the remembrance of the Holocaust and the Third Reich, as well as the recent global direction in memory studies.
International Investment Arbitration by Campbell McLachlan,Laurence Shore,Matthew Weiniger Pdf
Arbitration of international investment disputes is one of the fastest growing areas of international dispute resolution. This book surveys the substantive principles which are being applied to disputes by international investment tribunals.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Publisher : Unknown Page : 1264 pages File Size : 55,7 Mb Release : 2003 Category : Electronic ISBN : MINN:31951D023328482
Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and related agencies appropriations for 2004 by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Pdf
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on International Operations and Organizations, Democracy, and Human Rights
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on International Operations and Organizations, Democracy, and Human Rights Publisher : Unknown Page : 224 pages File Size : 42,6 Mb Release : 2009 Category : Business & Economics ISBN : PSU:000066746270
Holocaust Era Insurance Restitution After ICHEIC by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on International Operations and Organizations, Democracy, and Human Rights Pdf
