Kantian Consequentialism

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Kantian Consequentialism

David Cummiskey
Kantian Consequentialism Book PDF

Author : David Cummiskey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1996-01-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198025467

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Kantian Consequentialism by David Cummiskey Pdf

The central problem for normative ethics is the conflict between a consequentialist view--that morality requires promoting the good of all--and a belief that the rights of the individual place significant constraints on what may be done to help others. Standard interpretations see Kant as rejecting all forms of consequentialism, and defending a theory which is fundamentally duty-based and agent-centered. Certain actions, like sacrificing the innocent, are categorically forbidden. In this original and controversial work, Cummiskey argues that there is no defensible basis for this view, that Kant's own arguments actually entail a consequentialist conclusion. But this new form of consequentialism which follows from Kant's theories has a distinctly Kantian tone. The capacity of rational action is prior to the value of happiness; thus providing justification for the view that rational nature is more important than mere pleasures and pains.

Kantian Consequentialism

David Cummiskey
Kantian Consequentialism Book PDF

Author : David Cummiskey
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 207 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Consequentialism
ISBN : 9780195094534

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Kantian Consequentialism by David Cummiskey Pdf

This title attempts to derive a strong consequentialist moral theory from Kantian foundations. It thus challenges the prevailing view that Kant's moral theory is hostile to consequentialism, and brings together the two main opposing tendencies in modern moral theory.

Kantian Consequentialism

David Cummiskey
Kantian Consequentialism Book PDF

Author : David Cummiskey
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Consequentialism (Ethics)
ISBN : 0199833141

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Kantian Consequentialism by David Cummiskey Pdf

This title attempts to derive a strong consequentialist moral theory from Kantian foundations. It thus challenges the prevailing view that Kant's moral theory is hostile to consequentialism, and brings together the two main opposing tendencies in modern moral theory.

Ought Implies Kant

Joel Marks
Ought Implies Kant Book PDF

Author : Joel Marks
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2009-01-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780739133521

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Ought Implies Kant by Joel Marks Pdf

Ought Implies Kant offers an original defense of the ethical theory of Immanuel Kant, and develops an extension of that theoryOs account of moral duty to include direct duties to nonhuman animals. The discussion centers on a critical examination of consequentialism, the view that the rightness or wrongness of an action is determined solely by its consequences. Kantianism, by contrast, claims that the core of ethics is to treat all persons_or, in Joel MarksOs view, all living beings_as ends-in-themselves. The consequentialist criterion would seem to permit, indeed require, violating the dignity of persons (not to mention the dignity of other animals) if this would result in a better outcome. This volume treats the consequentialist challenge to Kantian ethics in several novel ways. To begin with, the utilitarian version of consequentialism is delineated and defended by means of a conceptual device dubbed by the author as the Consequentialist Continuum. Marks then provides an exhaustive and definitive exposition of the relatively neglected Epistemic Objection to utilitarianism. While acknowledging the intuitive appeal of utilitarianismOs core conviction_that we should always do what is for the best_Marks argues that this is an impossible injunction to fulfill, or even to attempt to fulfill, because all of the relevant results of our actions can never be known. Kantianism is then introduced as a viable alternative account of our ethical obligations. Marks argues that Kantianism is well within the scope of normal human competence and conforms equally well to our ethical intuitions once the theoryOs proper interpretation is appreciated. However, KantOs own version must be extended to accommodate the rightful moral consideration we owe to nonhuman animals. Finally, Marks employs the notion of a Consequentialist Illusion to explain utilitarianismOs hold on our moral intuitions, while developing a form of Consequentialist Kantianism to address them. An original and penetrating examination of a central debate in moral philosophy, this book will be of interest to philosophical ethicists, upper-level and graduate philosophy students, and the intellectual reading public.

Consequentialism

Christian Seidel
Consequentialism Book PDF

Author : Christian Seidel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2018-11-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190919382

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Consequentialism by Christian Seidel Pdf

Consequentialism is a focal point of discussion and a driving force behind important developments in moral philosophy. Recently, the debate has shifted in focus and in style. By seeking to consequentialize rival moral theories, in particular those with agent-relative characteristics, and by framing accounts in terms of reasons rather than in terms of value, an emerging new wave consequentialism has presented - at much higher levels of abstraction - theories which proved extremely flexible and powerful in meeting long-standing and influential objections. This volume of new essays on new wave consequentialism initiates and stimulates novel lines of discussions among proponents and their critics. The contributions explore new directions in new wave consequentialism and present refined conceptual frameworks (in Part I), raise challenging fundamental problems for these frameworks and the new wave's theoretical basis (in Part II), and give a balanced assessment of the new wave's limits and achievements in specific contexts of commonsense moral practice (in Part III). The volume will be of interest to all readers in ethical and moral theory.

Beyond Consequentialism

Paul Hurley
Beyond Consequentialism Book PDF

Author : Paul Hurley
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780199698431

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Beyond Consequentialism by Paul Hurley Pdf

Paul Hurley sets out a radical challenge to consequentialism, the theory which might seem to be the default option in contemporary moral philosophy. There is an unresolved tension within the theory: if consequentialists are right about the content of morality, then morality cannot have the rational authority that even they take it to have.

The Value of Humanity in Kant's Moral Theory

Richard Dean
The Value of Humanity in Kant s Moral Theory Book PDF

Author : Richard Dean
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2006-05-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191536571

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The Value of Humanity in Kant's Moral Theory by Richard Dean Pdf

The humanity formulation of Kant's Categorical Imperative demands that we treat humanity as an end in itself. Because this principle resonates with currently influential ideals of human rights and dignity, contemporary readers often find it compelling, even if the rest of Kant's moral philosophy leaves them cold. Moreover, some prominent specialists in Kant's ethics recently have turned to the humanity formulation as the most theoretically central and promising principle of Kant's ethics. Nevertheless, despite the intuitive appeal and the increasingly recognized philosophical importance of the humanity formulation, it has received less attention than many other, less central, aspects of Kant's ethics. Richard Dean offers the most sustained and systematic examination of the humanity formulation to date. Dean argues that the 'rational nature' that must be treated as an end in itself is not a minimally rational nature, consisting of the power to set ends or the unrealized capacity to act morally, but instead is the more properly rational nature possessed by someone who gives priority to moral principles over any contrary impulses. This non-standard reading of the humanity formulation provides a firm theoretical foundation for deriving plausible approaches to particular moral issues - and, contrary to first impressions, does not impose moralistic demands to pass judgment on others' character. Dean's reading also enables progress on problems of interest to Kant scholars, such as reconstructing Kant's argument for accepting the humanity formulation as a basic moral principle, and allows for increased understanding of the relationship between Kant's ethics and supposedly Kantian ideas such as 'respect for autonomy'.

Kant and Parfit

Husain Sarkar
Kant and Parfit Book PDF

Author : Husain Sarkar
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0367665271

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Kant and Parfit by Husain Sarkar Pdf

Derek Parfit's On What Matters is widely recognized as elegant, profound, and destined to change the landscape of moral philosophy. In Volume One, Parfit argues that the distinct--indeed, powerfully conflicting--theories of deontology and contractualism can be woven together in a way so as to yield utilitarian conclusions. Husain Sarkar in this book calls this, The Ultimate Derivation. Sarkar argues, however, that this derivation is untenable. To underwrite this conclusion, this book traverses considerable Parfitian terrain. Sarkar shows why Parfit hasn't quite solved what Sidgwick had called "the profoundest problem in ethics"; he offers a reading of Kant, Rawls, and Scanlon that reveals Parfit's keen utilitarian bias; and he demonstrates why Parfit's Triple Theory does not succeed in its task of unifying conflicting moral theories (without making substantial utilitarian assumptions). The final chapter of the book is about meta-ethics. It shows that Parfit's Convergence Principle is mistaken even though it unveils Parfit's utterly humane concerns: Moral philosophers are not, as Parfit thinks, climbing the same mountain. But for all that, Sarkar maintains, Parfit's book is arguably the greatest consequential tract in the history of moral philosophy.

Kant's Impact on Moral Philosophy

PAUL. GUYER
Kant s Impact on Moral Philosophy Book PDF

Author : PAUL. GUYER
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 683 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780199592456

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Kant's Impact on Moral Philosophy by PAUL. GUYER Pdf

This book examines Immanuel Kant's impact on moral philosophy from his time to our own. Kant's moral philosophy can seem complicated, but at the most basic level it is driven by the simple idea that the greatest possible freedom for each combined with an equal degree of freedom for all is the fundamental principle of philosophy.

Consensualism in Principle

Rahul Kumar
Consensualism in Principle Book PDF

Author : Rahul Kumar
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-12-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781135724788

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Consensualism in Principle by Rahul Kumar Pdf

This book presents and argues for a suitably articulated version of consensualism as a form of Kantian moral theory with an ability to powerfully illuminate the moral intuitions to which Kantian and utilitarian theories have traditionally appealed.

Consequentialism and Environmental Ethics

Avram Hiller,Ramona Ilea,Leonard Kahn
Consequentialism and Environmental Ethics Book PDF

Author : Avram Hiller,Ramona Ilea,Leonard Kahn
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2013-12-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781135042561

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Consequentialism and Environmental Ethics by Avram Hiller,Ramona Ilea,Leonard Kahn Pdf

This volume works to connect issues in environmental ethics with the best work in contemporary normative theory. Environmental issues challenge contemporary ethical theorists to account for topics that traditional ethical theories do not address to any significant extent. This book articulates and evaluates consequentialist responses to that challenge. Contributors provide a thorough and well-rounded analysis of the benefits and limitations of the consequentialist perspective in addressing environmental issues. In particular, the contributors use consequentialist theory to address central questions in environmental ethics, such as questions about what kinds of things have value; about decision-making in light of the long-term, intergenerational nature of environmental issues; and about the role that a state’s being natural should play in ethical deliberation.

Ethics and Qualities of Life

Joel J. Kupperman
Ethics and Qualities of Life Book PDF

Author : Joel J. Kupperman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2007-04-12
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190294717

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Ethics and Qualities of Life by Joel J. Kupperman Pdf

Ethics and Qualities of Life looks at what enters into ethical judgment and choice. Interpretation of a case and of what the options are is always a factor, as is a sense of the possible values at stake. Intuitions also enter in, but often are unreliable. For a long time it seemed only fair that oldest sons inherited, and struck few people as unfair that women were not allowed to attend universities. A moral judgment is putatively part of a moral order in a society that any reasonable person would accept. But what counts as "reasonable" is generally contestable. The unreliability of intuitions leads naturally to ethical theory. Kantian, contractualist, and consequentialist theories all have some important truth in them, but not the whole truth. Contractualism lacks the resources required for a fully determinate account of what counts as "reasonable". Broad general rules are important to Kant and are at the center of everyday morality. But can Kantian ethics explain why they have to have this central role? Our evolving social contract now contains elements (e.g. the rejection of racism and sexism) that once would have seemed counter-intuitive to most people. But could consequentialists have predicted with entire confidence the consequences of social changes that we now think were desirable? The last part of this book contains a double argument. One is that ethical theory is employed by humans in a state of semi-ignorance of relevant factors, grasping at likely truths and evolved intuitions. The other is that consequentialist considerations have a major role at the fundamental level, but much more in justification or criticism than in ethical discovery.

Virtue Rediscovered

Nathan Wood
Virtue Rediscovered Book PDF

Author : Nathan Wood
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781498585330

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Virtue Rediscovered by Nathan Wood Pdf

Virtue ethics occupies the strange position of being one of the oldest and most prominently discussed ethical theories throughout history, and yet many contemporary moral philosophers do not recognize it as a genuine alternative to currently prominent normative theories, such as utilitarianism or Kantian ethics. In Virtue Rediscovered: Deontology, Consequentialism, and Virtue Ethics in the Contemporary Moral Landscape, Nathan Wood argues that this discrepancy requires us to rethink how we understand the function and purpose of normative ethical theories, especially insofar as such theories are expected to be action guiding. All ethical theories guide action, but they do so in two different ways. One way is through stipulating criteria for what we ought to do, but another way is setting a core concern that represents an account of what lies at the heart of morality and determines the moral salience of features in the world. This framework not only clarifies the nature of deontology, consequentialism, and virtue ethics, but also recasts the debate among them.

Consequentialism and Its Critics

Samuel Scheffler
Consequentialism and Its Critics Book PDF

Author : Samuel Scheffler
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Consequentialism (Ethics)
ISBN : 9780198750734

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Consequentialism and Its Critics by Samuel Scheffler Pdf

This volume presents papers discussing arguments on both sides of the consequentialist debate. The distinguished contributors include John Rawls, Bernard Williams, Thomas Nagel, Derek Parfit, among others.

Kant and Parfit

Husain Sarkar
Kant and Parfit Book PDF

Author : Husain Sarkar
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2018-09-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780429787430

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Kant and Parfit by Husain Sarkar Pdf

Derek Parfit’s On What Matters is widely recognized as elegant, profound, and destined to change the landscape of moral philosophy. In Volume One, Parfit argues that the distinct—indeed, powerfully conflicting—theories of deontology and contractualism can be woven together in a way so as to yield utilitarian conclusions. Husain Sarkar in this book calls this, The Ultimate Derivation. Sarkar argues, however, that this derivation is untenable. To underwrite this conclusion, this book traverses considerable Parfitian terrain. Sarkar shows why Parfit hasn’t quite solved what Sidgwick had called "the profoundest problem in ethics"; he offers a reading of Kant, Rawls, and Scanlon that reveals Parfit’s keen utilitarian bias; and he demonstrates why Parfit’s Triple Theory does not succeed in its task of unifying conflicting moral theories (without making substantial utilitarian assumptions). The final chapter of the book is about meta-ethics. It shows that Parfit’s Convergence Principle is mistaken even though it unveils Parfit’s utterly humane concerns: Moral philosophers are not, as Parfit thinks, climbing the same mountain. But for all that, Sarkar maintains, Parfit’s book is arguably the greatest consequential tract in the history of moral philosophy.