Labelled Deduction

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Labelled Deduction

David Basin,M. D'Agostino,Dov M. Gabbay,Seán Matthews,Luca Viganò
Labelled Deduction Book PDF

Author : David Basin,M. D'Agostino,Dov M. Gabbay,Seán Matthews,Luca Viganò
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401140409

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Labelled Deduction by David Basin,M. D'Agostino,Dov M. Gabbay,Seán Matthews,Luca Viganò Pdf

Labelled deduction is an approach to providing frameworks for presenting and using different logics in a uniform and natural way by enriching the language of a logic with additional information of a semantic proof-theoretical nature. Labelled deduction systems often possess attractive properties, such as modularity in the way that families of related logics are presented, parameterised proofs of metatheoretic properties, and ease of mechanisability. It is thus not surprising that labelled deduction has been applied to problems in computer science, AI, mathematical logic, cognitive science, philosophy and computational linguistics - for example, formalizing and reasoning about dynamic `state oriented' properties such as knowledge, belief, time, space, and resources.

Labelled Non-Classical Logics

Luca Viganò
Labelled Non Classical Logics Book PDF

Author : Luca Viganò
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781475732085

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Labelled Non-Classical Logics by Luca Viganò Pdf

I am very happy to have this opportunity to introduce Luca Vigano's book on Labelled Non-Classical Logics. I put forward the methodology of labelled deductive systems to the participants of Logic Colloquium'90 (Labelled Deductive systems, a Position Paper, In J. Oikkonen and J. Vaananen, editors, Logic Colloquium '90, Volume 2 of Lecture Notes in Logic, pages 66-68, Springer, Berlin, 1993), in an attempt to bring labelling as a recognised and significant component of our logic culture. It was a response to earlier isolated uses of labels by various distinguished authors, as a means to achieve local proof theoretic goals. Labelling was used in many different areas such as resource labelling in relevance logics, prefix tableaux in modal logics, annotated logic programs in logic programming, proof tracing in truth maintenance systems, and various side annotations in higher-order proof theory, arithmetic and analysis. This widespread local use of labels was an indication of an underlying logical pattern, namely the simultaneous side-by-side manipulation of several kinds of logical information. It was clear that there was a need to establish the labelled deductive systems methodology. Modal logic is one major area where labelling can be developed quickly and sys tematically with a view of demonstrating its power and significant advantage. In modal logic the labels can play a double role.

Frontiers of Combining Systems

Alessandro Armando
Frontiers of Combining Systems Book PDF

Author : Alessandro Armando
Publisher : Springer
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2003-08-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540459880

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Frontiers of Combining Systems by Alessandro Armando Pdf

This volume contains the proceedings of FroCoS 2002, the 4th International Workshop on Frontiers of Combining Systems, held April 8-10, 2002 in Santa Margherita Ligure (near Genova), Italy. Like its predecessors, organized in - nich (1996), Amsterdam (1998), and Nancy (2000), FroCoS 2002 o?ered a c- mon forum for the presentation and discussion of research activities on the c- bination and integration of systems in various areas of computer science, such as logic, computation, program development and proof, arti?cial intelligence, mechanical veri?cation, and symbolic computation. There were 35 submissions of high quality, authored by researchers from countries including Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Singapore, United Kingdom, United States of America, and - goslavia. All the submissions were thoroughly evaluated on the basis of at least three referee reports, and an electronic program committee meeting was held through the Internet. The program committee selected 14 research contributions. The topics covered by the selected papers include: combination of logics, c- bination of constraint solving techniques, combination of decision procedures, combination problems in veri?cation, modular properties of theorem proving, integration of decision procedures and other solving processes into constraint programming and deduction systems.

Hybrid Logic and its Proof-Theory

Torben Braüner
Hybrid Logic and its Proof Theory Book PDF

Author : Torben Braüner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2010-11-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789400700024

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Hybrid Logic and its Proof-Theory by Torben Braüner Pdf

This is the first book-length treatment of hybrid logic and its proof-theory. Hybrid logic is an extension of ordinary modal logic which allows explicit reference to individual points in a model (where the points represent times, possible worlds, states in a computer, or something else). This is useful for many applications, for example when reasoning about time one often wants to formulate a series of statements about what happens at specific times. There is little consensus about proof-theory for ordinary modal logic. Many modal-logical proof systems lack important properties and the relationships between proof systems for different modal logics are often unclear. In the present book we demonstrate that hybrid-logical proof-theory remedies these deficiencies by giving a spectrum of well-behaved proof systems (natural deduction, Gentzen, tableau, and axiom systems) for a spectrum of different hybrid logics (propositional, first-order, intensional first-order, and intuitionistic).

Computational Logic: Logic Programming and Beyond

Antonis C. Kakas,Fariba Sadri
Computational Logic Logic Programming and Beyond Book PDF

Author : Antonis C. Kakas,Fariba Sadri
Publisher : Springer
Page : 628 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2003-08-02
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540456322

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Computational Logic: Logic Programming and Beyond by Antonis C. Kakas,Fariba Sadri Pdf

Alan Robinson This set of essays pays tribute to Bob Kowalski on his 60th birthday, an anniversary which gives his friends and colleagues an excuse to celebrate his career as an original thinker, a charismatic communicator, and a forceful intellectual leader. The logic programming community hereby and herein conveys its respect and thanks to him for his pivotal role in creating and fostering the conceptual paradigm which is its raison d’Œtre. The diversity of interests covered here reflects the variety of Bob’s concerns. Read on. It is an intellectual feast. Before you begin, permit me to send him a brief personal, but public, message: Bob, how right you were, and how wrong I was. I should explain. When Bob arrived in Edinburgh in 1967 resolution was as yet fairly new, having taken several years to become at all widely known. Research groups to investigate various aspects of resolution sprang up at several institutions, the one organized by Bernard Meltzer at Edinburgh University being among the first. For the half-dozen years that Bob was a leading member of Bernard’s group, I was a frequent visitor to it, and I saw a lot of him. We had many discussions about logic, computation, and language.

Frontiers of Combining Systems

F. Baader,K.U. Schulz
Frontiers of Combining Systems Book PDF

Author : F. Baader,K.U. Schulz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-09
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789400903494

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Frontiers of Combining Systems by F. Baader,K.U. Schulz Pdf

- Donation refusal is high in all the regions of Argentina. - The deficient operative structure is a negative reality that allows inadequate donor maintenance and organ procurement. - In more developed regions, there are a high number of organs which are not utilized. This is true for heart, liver and lungs. Small waiting lists for these organs probably reflect an inadequate economic coverage for these organ transplant activities. - There is a long waiting list for cadaveric kidney transplants, which reflect poor procurement and transplant activity. - Lack of awareness by many physicians leads to the denouncing of brain deaths. In spite of these factors, we can say that there has been a significant growth in organ procuration and transplantation in 1993, after the regionalization of the INCUCAI. Conclusions Is there a shortage of organs in Argentina? There may be. But the situation in Argentina differs from that in Europe, as we have a pool of organs which are not utilized (donation refusal, operational deficits, lack of denouncing of brain deaths). Perhaps, in the future, when we are able to make good use of all the organs submitted for transplantation, we will be able to say objectively whether the number of organs is sufficient or not. Acknowledgements I would like to thank the University of Lyon and the Merieux Foundation, especially Professors Traeger, Touraine and Dr. Dupuy for the honour of being invited to talk about the issue of organ procurement.

Advanced Topics in Artificial Intelligence

John K. Slaney
Advanced Topics in Artificial Intelligence Book PDF

Author : John K. Slaney
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1998-10-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 3540651381

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Advanced Topics in Artificial Intelligence by John K. Slaney Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AI'97, held in Perth, Australia, in November/December 1997. The volume presents 48 revised full papers selected from a total of 143 submissions. Also included are three keynote talks and one invited paper. The book is divided into topical sections on constraint satisfaction and scheduling, computer vision, distributed AI, evolutionary computing, knowledge-based systems, knowledge representation and reasoning, learning and machine vision, machine learning, NLP and user modeling, neural networks, robotics and machine recognition, and temporal qualitative reasoning.

Fundamentals of EU VAT Law

Ad van Doesum,Herman van Kesteren
Fundamentals of EU VAT Law Book PDF

Author : Ad van Doesum,Herman van Kesteren
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 723 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2016-07-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789041170170

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Fundamentals of EU VAT Law by Ad van Doesum,Herman van Kesteren Pdf

Value added tax (VAT) is responsible for generating approximately €903 billion per year in tax revenues across the European Union – revenues that play a huge role in budgetary policymaking in the Member States. This extremely useful book provides not only a thorough description of the current state of EU VAT law, but also a detailed explanation of the system’s rationale and its legislative provisions. It puts the elements of the system in perspective and shows how they are linked to each other. The focus lies on the rules which can be deduced from the sources of EU VAT law and on their application in practice. The systematic presentation covers such issues and topics as the following: • sources of EU VAT law, including principles derived from CJEU case law; • principles underlying the EU VAT system; • relations among the layers of VAT law – primary and secondary EU law, national law; • how to apply the VAT legislation and case law; • allocation of taxing rights (place of supply rules); • invoicing requirements and other administrative obligations; • exemptions, VAT rates and the taxable amount; • the right of deduction of input VAT; • intra-Community transactions, importation and exportation; • immovable property; and • how far a national court must and can go in interpreting national provisions in the light of the VAT Directive and the principles underlying the VAT system. The book follows the structure of the VAT Directive/VAT determination scheme, with additional topical chapters on immovable property, intra-Community transactions, and importation and exportation of goods. With its detailed attention to the meaning and interpretation of each legislative provision and court ruling, this book serves as an incomparable guide for practitioners. Its emphasis on the rationale and systematics of the EU VAT system make it an indispensable reference for all tax law professionals and researchers.

Computing Meaning

H. Bunt,Reinhard Muskens
Computing Meaning Book PDF

Author : H. Bunt,Reinhard Muskens
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2001-11-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1402002904

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Computing Meaning by H. Bunt,Reinhard Muskens Pdf

This book is a collection of papers written by outstanding researchers in the newly emerging field of computational semantics. It is aimed at those linguists, computer scientists, and logicians who want to know more about the algorithmic realization of meaning in natural language and about what is happening in this field of research. It includes a general introduction by the editors.

Computational Logic and Proof Theory

Georg Gottlob,Alexander Leitsch,Daniele Mundici
Computational Logic and Proof Theory Book PDF

Author : Georg Gottlob,Alexander Leitsch,Daniele Mundici
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1997-08-13
Category : Computers
ISBN : 3540633855

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Computational Logic and Proof Theory by Georg Gottlob,Alexander Leitsch,Daniele Mundici Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th Kurt Gödel Colloquium on Computational Logic and Proof Theory, KGC '97, held in Vienna, Austria, in August 1997. The volume presents 20 revised full papers selected from 38 submitted papers. Also included are seven invited contributions by leading experts in the area. The book documents interdisciplinary work done in the area of computer science and mathematical logics by combining research on provability, analysis of proofs, proof search, and complexity.

Advances in Applied Logics

Jair Minoro Abe
Advances in Applied Logics Book PDF

Author : Jair Minoro Abe
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2023-12-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031357596

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Advances in Applied Logics by Jair Minoro Abe Pdf

This book contains contributions from several international authors to topics of current interest, such as AI, intelligent systems, and logic applications in different branches of knowledge. Foundational aspects of the various techniques are also covered, notably non-classical formalisms. The tome is intended for researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, and lay readers. The book is dedicated to researcher Seiki Akama on his sixtieth birthday. Akama is one of the critical scientists who dedicated himself to understanding the use of alternative logic in the various issues of AI, ranging from its foundations to concrete applications and philosophical reflections.

Type Logical Grammar

G.V. Morrill
Type Logical Grammar Book PDF

Author : G.V. Morrill
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401110426

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Type Logical Grammar by G.V. Morrill Pdf

This book sets out the foundations, methodology, and practice of a formal framework for the description of language. The approach embraces the trends of lexicalism and compositional semantics in computational linguistics, and theoretical linguistics more broadly, by developing categorial grammar into a powerful and extendable logic of signs. Taking Montague Grammar as its point of departure, the book explains how integration of methods from philosophy (logical semantics), computer science (type theory), linguistics (categorial grammar) and meta-mathematics (mathematical logic ) provides a categorial foundation with coverage including intensionality, quantification, featural polymorphism, domains and constraints. For the first time, the book systematises categorial thinking into a unified program which is at once both logically secured, and a practical tool for pure lexical grammar development with type-theoretic semantics. It should be of interest to all those active in computational linguistics and formal grammar and is suitable for use at advanced undergraduate, postgraduate, and research levels.

The Functional Interpretation of Logical Deduction

Ruy J. G. B. de Queiroz,Anjolina G. de Oliveira,Dov M. Gabbay
The Functional Interpretation of Logical Deduction Book PDF

Author : Ruy J. G. B. de Queiroz,Anjolina G. de Oliveira,Dov M. Gabbay
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789814360951

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The Functional Interpretation of Logical Deduction by Ruy J. G. B. de Queiroz,Anjolina G. de Oliveira,Dov M. Gabbay Pdf

This comprehensive book provides an adequate framework to establish various calculi of logical inference. Being an ?enriched? system of natural deduction, it helps to formulate logical calculi in an operational manner. By uncovering a certain harmony between a functional calculus on the labels and a logical calculus on the formulas, it allows mathematical foundations for systems of logic presentation designed to handle meta-level features at the object-level via a labelling mechanism, such as the D Gabbay's Labelled Deductive Systems. The book truly demonstrates that introducing ?labels? is useful to understand the proof-calculus itself, and also to clarify its connections with model-theoretic interpretations.

Handbook of Modal Logic

Patrick Blackburn,Johan F.A.K. van Benthem,Frank Wolter
Handbook of Modal Logic Book PDF

Author : Patrick Blackburn,Johan F.A.K. van Benthem,Frank Wolter
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 1260 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2006-11-03
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0080466664

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Handbook of Modal Logic by Patrick Blackburn,Johan F.A.K. van Benthem,Frank Wolter Pdf

The Handbook of Modal Logic contains 20 articles, which collectively introduce contemporary modal logic, survey current research, and indicate the way in which the field is developing. The articles survey the field from a wide variety of perspectives: the underling theory is explored in depth, modern computational approaches are treated, and six major applications areas of modal logic (in Mathematics, Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence, Linguistics, Game Theory, and Philosophy) are surveyed. The book contains both well-written expository articles, suitable for beginners approaching the subject for the first time, and advanced articles, which will help those already familiar with the field to deepen their expertise. Please visit: http://people.uleth.ca/~woods/RedSeriesPromo_WP/PubSLPR.html - Compact modal logic reference - Computational approaches fully discussed - Contemporary applications of modal logic covered in depth

Natural Language Semantics

Brendan S. Gillon
Natural Language Semantics Book PDF

Author : Brendan S. Gillon
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 731 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2019-03-12
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780262039208

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Natural Language Semantics by Brendan S. Gillon Pdf

An introduction to natural language semantics that offers an overview of the empirical domain and an explanation of the mathematical concepts that underpin the discipline. This textbook offers a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of those approaches to natural language semantics that use the insights of logic. Many other texts on the subject focus on presenting a particular theory of natural language semantics. This text instead offers an overview of the empirical domain (drawn largely from standard descriptive grammars of English) as well as the mathematical tools that are applied to it. Readers are shown where the concepts of logic apply, where they fail to apply, and where they might apply, if suitably adjusted. The presentation of logic is completely self-contained, with concepts of logic used in the book presented in all the necessary detail. This includes propositional logic, first order predicate logic, generalized quantifier theory, and the Lambek and Lambda calculi. The chapters on logic are paired with chapters on English grammar. For example, the chapter on propositional logic is paired with a chapter on the grammar of coordination and subordination of English clauses; the chapter on predicate logic is paired with a chapter on the grammar of simple, independent English clauses; and so on. The book includes more than five hundred exercises, not only for the mathematical concepts introduced, but also for their application to the analysis of natural language. The latter exercises include some aimed at helping the reader to understand how to formulate and test hypotheses.