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Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1988-03
Category : Crystal Defects
ISBN : STANFORD:36105030871953
Author : Jörg Bilgram
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 39 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:78879644
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Arctic regions
ISBN : MINN:31951D02091272J
Author : Victor F. Petrenko,Robert W. Whitworth
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1999-08-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191581342
Ice is one of the most abundant and environmentally important materials on Earth, and its unique and intriguing physical properties present fascinating areas of study for a wide variety of researchers. This book is about the physics of ice, by which is meant the properties of the material itself and the ways in which these properties are interpreted in terms of water molecules and crystalline structure. Although ice has a simple crystal structure its hydrogen bonding results in unique properties, which continue to be the subject of active research. In this book the physical principles underlying the properties of ice are carefully developed at a level aimed at pure and applied researchers in the field. Important topics like current understandings of the electrical, mechanical, and surface properties, and the occurrence of many different crystalline phases are developed in a coherent way for the first time. An extensive reference list and numerous illustrations add to the usefulness and readability of the text.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2024-07-02
Category : Frozen ground
ISBN : UCAL:B3095968
Author : Sidney Yip,Tomas Diaz Rubia
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2010-04-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402097416
Although computational modeling and simulation of material deformation was initiated with the study of structurally simple materials and inert environments, there is an increasing demand for predictive simulation of more realistic material structure and physical conditions. In particular, it is recognized that applied mechanical force can plausibly alter chemical reactions inside materials or at material interfaces, though the fundamental reasons for this chemomechanical coupling are studied in a material-speci c manner. Atomistic-level s- ulations can provide insight into the unit processes that facilitate kinetic reactions within complex materials, but the typical nanosecond timescales of such simulations are in contrast to the second-scale to hour-scale timescales of experimentally accessible or technologically relevant timescales. Further, in complex materials these key unit processes are “rare events” due to the high energy barriers associated with those processes. Examples of such rare events include unbinding between two proteins that tether biological cells to extracellular materials [1], unfolding of complex polymers, stiffness and bond breaking in amorphous glass bers and gels [2], and diffusive hops of point defects within crystalline alloys [3].
Author : Erland M. Schulson,Paul Duval
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2009-04-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521806206
The first complete account of the physics of the creep and fracture of ice, for graduates, engineers and scientists.
Author : L.A. Lliboutry
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400935631
This book is written primarily for Earth scientists faced with problems in thermo mechanics such as the flow and evolution of ice-sheets, convection currents in the mantle, isostatic rebound, folding of strata or collapse of cavities in salt domes. Failure, faults, seismic waves and all processes involving inertial terms will not be dealt with. In general such scientists (graduate students beginning a Ph. D. for instance) have too small a background'in continuum mechanics and in numerical computation to model conveniently these problems, which are not elementary at all. Most of them are not linear, and therefore seldom dealt with in treatises. If the study of reality were clearly cut into two successive steps: first to make a physical model, setting up a well-posed problem in thermo-mechanics, and second to solve it, the obvious solution would be to find a specialist in computational mechanics who could spend enough time on a problem which, although maybe crucial for on-going fundamental research, has little practical interest in general, and cannot be considered properly as a noteworthy progress in Mechanics. But this is not the way Science develops. There is a continuous dialectic between the building up of a model and its mathematical treatment. The model should be simple enough to be tractable, but not oversimplified. Its sensitivity to the different components it is made of should be investigated, and more thought is needed when the results contradict hard facts.
Author : Daisuke Kuroiwa,Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1965
Category : Ice
ISBN : ERDC:35925002036520
The three parts of this report are entitled (1) internal friction of pure H2O, D2O and doped ice crystals, (2) internal friction at crystal boundaries, and (3) the internal friction of natural glacier ice. Part 1 uses the flexural vibration method and expresses internal friction as a logarithmic decrement of free oscillation. Equations are given for the logarithmic decrement, internal friction, and the resonant frequency of a rectangular bar. In Part 2 the grain boundary internal friction of ice grown from a melt was measured by cutting blocks containing individual crystal boundaries from polycrystalline ice and inlaying these in single crystal bars. This friction depends upon concentrated chemical impurities. In Part 3 the internal friction of glacier ice was measured in specimens form Antarctica, Greenland, and Le Conte Glacier, Canada. Distinctively different curves were obtained for the specimens. These differences can be attributed to (1) environmental conditions at the time of formation, and (2) the environmental conditions that acted on the sample from the time of formation until the time of sampling. (Author).
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : MINN:30000001726557
Author : Alex Maltman,Bryn Hubbard,M. J. Hambrey,Geological Society of London
Publisher : Geological Society of London
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Science
ISBN : 186239072X
The flow of glacier ice can produce structures that are striking and beautiful. Associated sediments too can develop spectacular deformation structures, and examples are remarkably well preserved in Quaternary deposits. This collection of papers addresses how the methods for unravelling deformation structures evolved by structural geologists can be used for glacial materials, and the opportunities offered to structural geologists by glacial materials for studying deformation in rocks.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1964
Category : Frozen ground
ISBN : MINN:31951P007127361
Author : Mohammed Shokr,Nirmal Sinha
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 600 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2015-03-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119027881
Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing addresses experiences acquired mainly in Canada by researchers in the fields of ice physics and growth history in relation to its polycrystalline structure as well as ice parameters retrieval from remote sensing observations. The volume describes processes operating at the macro- and microscale (e.g., brine entrapment in sea ice, crystallographic texture of ice types, brine drainage mechanisms, etc.). The information is supported by high-quality photographs of ice thin-sections prepared from cores of different ice types, all obtained by leading experts during field experiments in the 1970s through the 1990s, using photographic cameras and scanning microscopy. In addition, this volume presents techniques to retrieve a suite of sea ice parameters (e.g. ice type, concentration, extent, thickness, surface temperature, surface deformation, etc.) from space-borne and airborne sensor data. The breadth of the material on this subject is designed to appeal to researchers and users of remote sensing data who want to develop quick familiarity with the capabilities of this technology or detailed knowledge about major techniques for retrieval of key ice parameters. Volume highlights include: Detailed crystallographic classification of natural sea ice, the key information from which information about ice growth conditions can be inferred. Many examples are presented with material to support qualitative and quantitative interpretation of the data. Methods developed for revealing microstructural characteristics of sea ice and performing forensic investigations. Data sets on radiative properties and satellite observations of sea ice, its snow cover, and surrounding open water. Methods of retrieval of ice surface features and geophysical parameters from remote sensing observations with a focus on critical issues such as the suitability of different sensors for different tasks and data synergism. Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing is intended for a variety of sea ice audiences interested in different aspects of ice related to physics, geophysics, remote sensing, operational monitoring, mechanics, and cryospheric sciences.
Author : Mohammed Shokr,Nirmal K. Sinha
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 628 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2023-04-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119828211
SEA ICE The latest edition of the gold standard in sea ice references In the newly revised second edition of Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing, a team of distinguished researchers delivers an in-depth review of the features and structural properties of ice, as well as the latest advances in geophysical sensors, ice parameter retrieval techniques, and remote sensing data. The book has been updated to reflect the latest scientific developments in macro- and micro-scale sea ice research. For this edition, the authors have included high-quality photographs of thin sections from cores of various ice types, as well as a comprehensive account of all major field expeditions that have systematically surveyed sea ice and its properties. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to ice physics and physical processes, including ice morphology and age-based structural features Practical discussions of radiometric and radar-scattering observations from sea ice, including radar backscatter and microwave emission The latest techniques for the retrieval of sea ice parameters from space-borne and airborne sensor data New chapters on sea ice thermal microwave emissions and on the impact of climate change on polar sea ice Perfect for academic researchers working on sea ice, the cryosphere, and climatology, Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing will also benefit meteorologists, marine operators, and high-latitude construction engineers.
Author : James H. Crawford,Lawrence M. Slifkin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468429701
Crystal defects can no longer be thought of as a scientific curiosity, but must be considered an important aspect of solid-state science. This is largely because many of the more interesting properties of crystalline solids are disproportionately dominated by effects due to a tiny concentration of imperfections in an otherwise perfect lattice. The physics of such lattice defects is not only of significance in a great variety of applications, but is also interesting in its own right. Thus, an extensive science of point defects and dislocations has been constructed during the past two and a half decades. Stimulated by the technological and scientific interest in plasticity, there have appeared in recent years rather a large number of books dealing with dislocations; in the case of point defects, however, only very few broad and extensive treatments have been published. Thus, there are few compre hensive, tutorial sources for the scientist or engineer whose research ac tivities are affected by point defect phenomena, or who might wish to enter the field. It is partially to fill this need that the present treatise aims.