Les Laïcités à La Française

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Les laïcités à la française

Guy Bedouelle,Jean-Paul Costa
Les la cit s la fran aise Book PDF

Author : Guy Bedouelle,Jean-Paul Costa
Publisher : Presses Universitaires de France - PUF
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Laity
ISBN : UOM:39015041798698

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Les laïcités à la française by Guy Bedouelle,Jean-Paul Costa Pdf

Il ne manque pas d'ouvrages sur la laïcité en France, récents et souvent excellents. L'originalité de ce livre réside dans la conjonction des approches reposant sur la complémentarité des deux auteurs. Unis par une formation initiale commune, ils associent la pratique du droit et son enseignement à ceux de l'histoire et de la théologie. Cet ouvrage est fondé sur une idée simple que l'inhabituel pluriel contenu dans le titre exprime. La " laïcité " dans le contexte français n'est nullement un concept univoque, mais complexe et varié. En un siècle ou presque, on est passé d'une laïcité de combat à une neutralité armée, se muant en coexistence qui tend à se développer en coopération. La laïcité à la française est polymorphe dans l'espace et évolutive dans le temps. La laïcité est un sujet aux multiples ramifications politiques, philosophiques et théologiques mais aussi passionnelles. Elle fait partie de l'être de la France, et on a pu parler, dans le contexte européen, de " spécificité française " dans son exigence de séparation des religions et de l'Etat. Mais de quelle laïcité parle-t-on alors ? De celle du passé avec ses combats et ses raideurs qui s'engendraient réciproquement dans les deux camps ? Ou de celle, parfois paradoxale dans les faits, que la loi et la jurisprudence ne cessent de faire bouger, d'affiner, d'adapter ? Ou bien encore de la laïcité rêvée, espérée, programmée par les participants de l'actuel débat ? Des trois à la fois. L'objet de ce livre est en effet de fournir pour l'avenir, sans oublier le passé, une contribution réaliste au débat.

Rise of French Laïcité

Stephen M. Davis
Rise of French La cit Book PDF

Author : Stephen M. Davis
Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9781725264113

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Rise of French Laïcité by Stephen M. Davis Pdf

Americans are often baffled by France's general indifference to religion and laws forbidding religious symbols in public schools, full-face veils in public places, and even the interdiction of burkinis on French beaches. An understanding of laicite provides insight in beginning to understand France and its people. Laicite has been described as the complete secularization of institutions as a necessity to prevent a return to the Ancien Regime characterized by the union of church and state. To understand the concept of laicite, one must begin in the sixteenth century with the Protestant Reformation and freedom of conscience recognized by the Edict of Nantes in 1598. This has been called the period of incipient laicite in the toleration of Protestantism. The Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685 reestablished the union of the throne and altar, which resulted in persecution of the Huguenots who fought for the principle of the freedom of conscience. French laicite presents a specificity in origin, definition, and evolution which led to the official separation of church and state in 1905. The question in the early twentieth century concerned the Roman Catholic Church's compatibility with democracy. That same question is being asked of Islam in the twenty-first century.

Secularism on the Edge

J. Berlinerblau,S. Fainberg,A. Nou
Secularism on the Edge Book PDF

Author : J. Berlinerblau,S. Fainberg,A. Nou
Publisher : Springer
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2014-08-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781137380371

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Secularism on the Edge by J. Berlinerblau,S. Fainberg,A. Nou Pdf

In this dynamic and wide-ranging collection of essays, prominent scholars examine the condition of church-state relations in the United States, France, and Israel. Their analyses are rooted in a wide variety of disciplines, ranging from ethnography and demography to political science, gender studies, theology, and the law.

The Politics of Secularism

Murat Akan
The Politics of Secularism Book PDF

Author : Murat Akan
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 435 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231543804

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The Politics of Secularism by Murat Akan Pdf

Discussions of modernity—or alternative and multiple modernities—often hinge on the question of secularism, especially how it travels outside its original European context. Too often, attempts to answer this question either imagine a universal model derived from the history of Western Europe, which neglects the experience of much of the world, or emphasize a local, non-European context that limits the potential for comparison. In The Politics of Secularism, Murat Akan reframes the question of secularism, exploring its presence both outside and inside Europe and offering a rich empirical account of how it moves across borders and through time. Akan uses France and Turkey to analyze political actors' comparative discussions of secularism, struggles for power, and historical contextual constraints at potential moments of institutional change. France and Turkey are critical sites of secularism: France exemplifies European political modernity, and Turkey has long been the model of secularism in a Muslim-majority country. Akan analyzes prominent debates in both countries on topics such as the visibility of the headscarf and other religious symbols, religion courses in the public school curriculum, and state salaries for clerics and imams. Akan lays out the institutional struggles between three distinct political currents—anti-clericalism, liberalism, and what he terms state-civil religionism—detailing the nuances of how political movements articulate the boundary between the secular and the religious. Disputing the prevalent idea that diversity is a new challenge to secularism and focusing on comparison itself as part of the politics of secularism, this book makes a major contribution to understanding secular politics and its limits.

The Republic, Secularism and Security

Raphael Cohen-Almagor
The Republic Secularism and Security Book PDF

Author : Raphael Cohen-Almagor
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 74 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2022-02-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030946692

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The Republic, Secularism and Security by Raphael Cohen-Almagor Pdf

This book analyses French cultural policies in the face of what the French government perceives as a challenge to its Republican secular raison d'être. It makes general arguments about France’s changing identity and specific arguments about the burqa and niqab ban. The book further explains how French history shaped the ideology of secularism and of public civil religion, and how colonial legacy, immigration, fear of terrorism, and security needs have led France to adopt the trinity of indivisibilité, sécurité, laïcité while paying homage to the traditional trinity of liberté, égalité, fraternité. The book argues that while this motto of the French Revolution is still symbolically and politically important, its practical significance as it has been translated to policy implementation has been eroded. It shows how the emergence of the new trinity at the expense of the old one is evident when analyzing the debates concerning cultural policies in France in the face of the Islamic garb, the burqa, and the niqab, which are perceived as a challenge to France’s national secular raison d'être. Subsequently, the book raises various important questions, such as: Is the burqa and niqab ban socially just? Does it reasonably balance the preservation of societal values and freedom of conscience? What are the true motives behind the ban? Has the discourse changed in the age of COVID-19, when all people are required to wear a mask in the public space? Therefore, this book is a must-read for students, scholars, and researchers of political science, as well as a general audience interested in a better understanding of French politics, elections, cultural policy, secularism, and identity.

Religion and Secularism in France Today

Philippe Portier,Jean-Paul Willaime
Religion and Secularism in France Today Book PDF

Author : Philippe Portier,Jean-Paul Willaime
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2022-05-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000593303

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Religion and Secularism in France Today by Philippe Portier,Jean-Paul Willaime Pdf

This volume explores the dynamic life of religion and politics in France. The separation of church and state and the autonomy of school education from religion are the two fundamental pillars of France as a secular republic. The historical construction of French secularism (laïcité) was particularly marked by the strong opposition between the state and the Catholic church. However, the religious disaffiliation of a significant proportion of the French strengthened state secularism, which gradually became more consensual – despite some persisting tensions in the school context. Yet, in the last decades, several factors have revived public debate on laicity: the quarrel over ‘sects’ and new religious movements; controversies over Islam, today the second-largest religion in France; and, more recently, dispute over bioethics. Faced with these challenges, laicity as well as the religious groups involved have been changing. The authors of this book, ranking amongst the best French experts in the study of religion and secularism, introduce the reader to a living and lived laicity influenced by the social and religious dynamics of contemporary France. They demonstrate that the configurations of French secularism are both more flexible and complex than they appear to be. The volume investigates the extent to which the French idea of secularization has been pushed to be more thorough and radical in its interaction with its other European counterparts. A key work on French political thought, this volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of international politics, political philosophy, political sociology, and religion and politics.

Why the French Don't Like Headscarves

John R. Bowen
Why the French Don t Like Headscarves Book PDF

Author : John R. Bowen
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2010-12-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781400837564

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Why the French Don't Like Headscarves by John R. Bowen Pdf

The French government's 2004 decision to ban Islamic headscarves and other religious signs from public schools puzzled many observers, both because it seemed to infringe needlessly on religious freedom, and because it was hailed by many in France as an answer to a surprisingly wide range of social ills, from violence against females in poor suburbs to anti-Semitism. Why the French Don't Like Headscarves explains why headscarves on schoolgirls caused such a furor, and why the furor yielded this law. Making sense of the dramatic debate from his perspective as an American anthropologist in France at the time, John Bowen writes about everyday life and public events while also presenting interviews with officials and intellectuals, and analyzing French television programs and other media. Bowen argues that the focus on headscarves came from a century-old sensitivity to the public presence of religion in schools, feared links between public expressions of Islamic identity and radical Islam, and a media-driven frenzy that built support for a headscarf ban during 2003-2004. Although the defense of laïcité (secularity) was cited as the law's major justification, politicians, intellectuals, and the media linked the scarves to more concrete social anxieties--about "communalism," political Islam, and violence toward women. Written in engaging, jargon-free prose, Why the French Don't Like Headscarves is the first comprehensive and objective analysis of this subject, in any language, and it speaks to tensions between assimilation and diversity that extend well beyond France's borders.

Religious Education

Ednan Aslan,Margaret Rausch
Religious Education Book PDF

Author : Ednan Aslan,Margaret Rausch
Publisher : Springer
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783658216771

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Religious Education by Ednan Aslan,Margaret Rausch Pdf

The authors of this volume examine theory and practice regarding past and present roles of Jewish, Christian and Islamic religious education in nurturing tolerance, interpreted as mutual respect for and recognition of other groups, in Eastern (Albania, Bulgaria, Kosovo, Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro and Romania) and Western (Finland, Germany, Italy, Latvia and Spain) Europe, Israel, Nigeria and Uzbekistan. They also explore potential roles of religion and exclusivism in fostering (Islamic state, NGOs, etc.), but also averting (Islamic legal theory, authority, Sufism, etc.) radicalization, and of secular states in allowing, but also banning minority religious education in public schools.With contributions from Friedrich Schweitzer, Martin Rothgangel, Gerhard Langer, Daniela Stan, Arto Kallioniemi, Juan Ferreiro Galguera, Maria Chiara Giorda, Rossana M. Salerno, Viorica Goraş-Postică, Constantin Iulian Damian, Valentin Ilie, Dzintra Iliško, Ayman Agbaria, Zilola Khalilova, Raid al-Daghistani, Osman Taştan, Moshe Ma’oz, Adriana Cupcea, Muhamed Ali, Rüdiger Lohlker and Dele Ashiru. The Editors Ednan Aslan is the Chair of Islamic Theological studies at the University of Vienna where he is a Professor for Islamic Education. Margaret Rausch is scholar, researcher and university instructor in the field of Islamic and Religious Studies.

Republic of Islamophobia

James Wolfreys
Republic of Islamophobia Book PDF

Author : James Wolfreys
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780190911645

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Republic of Islamophobia by James Wolfreys Pdf

Why does Islamophobia dominate public debate in France? Islamophobia in France is rising, with Muslims subjected to unprecedented scrutiny of what they wear, eat and say. Championed by Marine Le Pen and drawing on the French colonial legacy, France's 'new secularism' gives racism a respectable veneer. Jim Wolfreys exposes the dynamic driving this intolerance: a society polarized by inequality, and the authoritarian neoliberalism of the French political mainstream. This officially sanctioned Islamophobia risks going unchallenged. It has divided the traditional anti-racist movement and undermined the left's opposition to bigotry. Wolfreys deftly unravels the problems facing those trying to confront today's rise in racism. Republic of Islamophobia illuminates both the uniqueness of France's anti-Muslim backlash and its broader implications for the West.

Catholicism, Politics and Society in Twentieth-century France

Kay Chadwick
Catholicism Politics and Society in Twentieth century France Book PDF

Author : Kay Chadwick
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2000-01-01
Category : History
ISBN : 0853239746

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Catholicism, Politics and Society in Twentieth-century France by Kay Chadwick Pdf

Catholicism, once the protean monster, still functions as a complex component of French identity. No consideration of modern France would be complete without reference to the enduring impact and influence of Catholicism on the life of the nation. This volume sets out to capture some of the variety and significance of the Catholic phenomenon in twentieth-century secular France, and to express something of its extraordinary vitality and interest. Each contribution focuses on a specific theme or period crucial to an understanding of the role played by French Catholics and their Church. Collectively, these studies reveal that Catholics were involved in almost every event of consequence and voiced an opinion on almost every issue. Equally, the volume offers a collage of insights which reflects the fragmentation of Catholic activity and attitudes as the century progressed. Being Catholic in modern France no longer means the espousal of a particular political or social agenda. Nor does it necessarily mean regular and traditional religious observance, or even strict adherence to the dictates of the Church. Modern French Catholicism truly has many mansions.

Divided Houses

Caroline C. Ford
Divided Houses Book PDF

Author : Caroline C. Ford
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Sex role
ISBN : 0801443679

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Divided Houses by Caroline C. Ford Pdf

In Divided Houses, Caroline Ford examines how the so-called feminization of religion in France from the French Revolution to the First World War contributed to the formation of a distinctive secular (laïc) republican political culture in France. She also reveals the effect of women's close association with religion on their civil and social status, which gave rise in France to heated debates about the limits of female agency, women's property rights, and women's role in the family and in society. She argues that religious women were often far more than the passive instruments of a male ecclesiastical hierarchy. In showing that these women could dispose of their bodies, souls, and properties in ways that were unimaginable to their secular counterparts, Ford's book obliges one to rethink the categories of tradition and modernity that have structured most thinking about this subject.Ford's book is centered on a set of microhistories and causes célèbres whose narratives are fascinating in and of themselves. They include conflicts within religious orders, the cults of some latter-day female saints, and riveting legal disputes involving women who converted to Catholicism. Perhaps most intriguingly, Ford brings current debates concerning pluralism and cultural difference in France into sharp historical focus. The fact that women have been portrayed as the quintessential carriers of religion ever since France embraced laïcité sheds light on problems faced by the secular French state today as it attempts to regulate religious expression--including emblems of Islam--in the public sphere.

Questioning French Secularism

Jennifer Selby
Questioning French Secularism Book PDF

Author : Jennifer Selby
Publisher : Springer
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781137011329

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Questioning French Secularism by Jennifer Selby Pdf

Based on extensive ethnographic fieldwork, this book examines how contemporary secularism in France is positioned as a guarantor of women’s rights. Selby argues that the complex “fetishization” of headscarves in public, governmental, and feminist French discourse positions publicly-visible Muslim women in ways that obscure their engagement with laïcité (French secularism).

The Lautsi Papers: Multidisciplinary Reflections on Religious Symbols in the Public School Classroom

Jeroen Temperman
The Lautsi Papers Multidisciplinary Reflections on Religious Symbols in the Public School Classroom Book PDF

Author : Jeroen Temperman
Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Page : 471 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2012-09-06
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004222519

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The Lautsi Papers: Multidisciplinary Reflections on Religious Symbols in the Public School Classroom by Jeroen Temperman Pdf

Increasingly, debates about religious symbols in the public space are reformulated as human rights questions and put before national and international judges. Particularly in the area of education, legitimate interests are manifold and often collide. Children’s educational and religious rights, parental liberties vis-à-vis their children, religious traditions, state obligations in the area of public school education, the state neutrality principle, and the professional rights and duties of teachers are all principles that may warrant priority attention. Each from their own discipline and perspective––ranging from legal (human rights) scholars, (legal) philosophers, political scientists, comparative law scholars, and country-specific legal experts––these experts contribute to the question of whether in the present-day pluralist state there is room for state symbolism (e.g. crucifixes in classroom) or personal religious signs (e.g. cross necklaces or kirpans) or attire (e.g. kippahs or headscarves) in the public school classroom.

The Culture of Toleration in Diverse Societies

Catriona McKinnon,Dario Castiglione
The Culture of Toleration in Diverse Societies Book PDF

Author : Catriona McKinnon,Dario Castiglione
Publisher : Manchester University Press
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0719062322

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The Culture of Toleration in Diverse Societies by Catriona McKinnon,Dario Castiglione Pdf

The idea of toleration as the appropriate response to difference has been central to liberal thought since Locke. Although the subject has been widely and variously explored, there has been reluctance to acknowledge the new meaning that current debates on toleration have when compared with those at its origins in the early modern period and with subsequent discussions about pluralism and freedom of expression.This collection starts from a clear recognition of the new terms of the debate. It recognises that a new academic consensus is slowly emerging on a view of tolerance that is reasonable in two senses. Firstly of reflecting the capacity of seeing the other's viewpoint, secondly on the relatively limited extent to which toleration can be granted. It reflects the cross-thematic and cross-disciplinary nature of such discussions, dissecting a number of debates such as liberalism and communitarianism, public and private, multiculturalism and the politics of identity, and a number of disciplines: moral, legal and political philosophy, historical and educational studies, anthropology, sociology and psychology. A group of distinguished authors explore the complexities emerging from the new debate. They scrutinise, with analytical sophistication, the philosophical foundation, the normative content and the broadly political implications of a new culture of toleration for diverse societies. Specific issues considered include the toleration of religious discrimination in employment, city life and community, social ethos, publicity, justice and reason and ethics.The book is unique in resolutely looking forward to the theoretical and practical challenges posed by commitment to a conception of toleration demanding empathy and understanding in an ever-diversifying world.

Democracy, Islam, & Secularism in Turkey

Ahmet Kuru,Alfred Stepan
Democracy Islam Secularism in Turkey Book PDF

Author : Ahmet Kuru,Alfred Stepan
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-02-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231159326

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Democracy, Islam, & Secularism in Turkey by Ahmet Kuru,Alfred Stepan Pdf

While Turkey has grown as a world power, promoting the image of a progressive and stable nation, several policy choices have strained its relationship with the East and the West. Providing social, historical, and religious context for Turkey's singular behavior, the essays in Democracy, Islam, and Secularism in Turkey examine issues relevant to Turkish debates and global concerns, from the state's position on religion and diversity to its involvement in the European Union. Written by experts in a range of disciplines, the chapters explore the Ottoman toleration of diversity during its classical period; the erosion of ethno-religious diversity in modern, pre-democratic times; Kemalism and its role in modernization and nation building; the changing political strategies of the military; and the effect of possible EU membership on domestic reforms. They also conduct a cross-Continental comparison of "multiple secularisms" as well as political parties, considering the Justice and Development Party in Turkey in relation to Christian Democratic parties in Europe. The contributors tackle central research questions, such as what is the legacy of the Ottoman Empire's ethno-religious plurality and how can Turkey's assertive secularism be softened to allow greater space for religious actors. They address the military's "guardian" role in Turkey's secularism, the implications of recent constitutional amendments for democratization, and the consequences and benefits of Islamic activism's presence within a democratic system. No other collection confronts Turkey's contemporary evolution so vividly and thoroughly or offers such expert analysis of its crucial social and political systems.