Liberty Desert And The Market

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Liberty, Desert and the Market

Serena Olsaretti
Liberty Desert and the Market Book PDF

Author : Serena Olsaretti
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2004-09-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781139456104

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Liberty, Desert and the Market by Serena Olsaretti Pdf

Are inequalities of income created by the free market just? In this book Serena Olsaretti examines two main arguments that justify those inequalities: the first claims that they are just because they are deserved, and the second claims that they are just because they are what free individuals are entitled to. Both these arguments purport to show, in different ways, that giving responsible individuals their due requires that free market inequalities in incomes be allowed. Olsaretti argues, however, that neither argument is successful, and shows that when we examine closely the principle of desert and the notions of liberty and choice invoked by defenders of the free market, it appears that a conception of justice that would accommodate these notions, far from supporting free market inequalities, calls for their elimination. Her book will be of interest to a wide range of readers in political philosophy, political theory and normative economics.

Inventing the Market

Lisa Herzog
Inventing the Market Book PDF

Author : Lisa Herzog
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199674176

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Inventing the Market by Lisa Herzog Pdf

Inventing the Market explores two paradigms of the market in the thought of Adam Smith and G.W.F. Hegel, bridging the gap between economics and philosophy, it shows that both disciplines can profit from a broader, more historically situated approach to the market.

Just Financial Markets?

Lisa Herzog
Just Financial Markets Book PDF

Author : Lisa Herzog
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2017-04-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191072277

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Just Financial Markets? by Lisa Herzog Pdf

Well-functioning financial markets are crucial for the economic well-being and the justice of contemporary societies. The Great Financial Crisis has shown that a perspective that naively trusts in the self-regulating powers of free markets cannot capture what is at stake in understanding and regulating financial markets. The damage done by the Great Financial Crisis, including its distributive consequences, raises serious questions about the justice of financial markets as we know them. This volume brings together leading scholars from political theory, law, and economics in order to explore the relation between justice and financial markets. Broadening the perspective from a purely economic one to a liberal egalitarian one, the volume explores foundational normative questions about how to conceptualize justice in relation to financial markets, the biases in the legal frameworks of financial markets that produce unjust outcomes, and perspectives of justice on specific institutions and practices in contemporary financial markets. Written in a clear and accessible language, the volume presents analyses of how financial markets (should) function and how the Great Financial Crisis came about, proposals for how the structures of financial markets could be reformed, and analysis of why reform is not happening at the speed that would be desirable from a perspective of justice.

Liberty Reader

David Miller
Liberty Reader Book PDF

Author : David Miller
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351560252

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Liberty Reader by David Miller Pdf

For centuries past, the quest for liberty has driven political movements across the globe, inspiring revolutions in America, France, China and many other countries. Now, we have Iraq and the idea of liberation through preemption. What is this liberty that is so fervently pursued? Does it mean a private space for individuals, the capacity for free and rational choice, or collective self-rule? What is the difference between positive and negative liberty, or the relationship between freedom and coercion? Reflecting on these questions reveals a surprisingly rich landscape of ideas - and further questions. "The Liberty Reader" collects twelve of the most important and insightful essays on issues of freedom currently available. It is essential reading for students of social and political theory, political philosophy, and anyone who wants a deeper understanding of the variety of ideas and ideals behind perennial human strivings for liberty.

Levelling the Playing Field

Andrew Mason
Levelling the Playing Field Book PDF

Author : Andrew Mason
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2006-10-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191532597

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Levelling the Playing Field by Andrew Mason Pdf

"Equality of opportunity for all" is a fine piece of political rhetoric but the ideal that lies behind it is slippery to say the least. Some see it as an alternative to a more robust form of egalitarianism, whilst others think that when it is properly understood it provides us with a real radical vision of what it is to level the playing field. This book combines a meritocratic conception of equality of opportunity that governs access to advantaged social positions, with redistributive principles that seek to mitigate the effects of differences in people's circumstances. Taken together, these spell out what it is to level the playing field in the way that justice requires. Oxford Political Theory presents the best new work in contemporary political theory. It is intended to be broad in scope, including original contributions to political philosophy, and also work in applied political theory. The series will contain works of outstanding quality with no restriction as to approach or subject matter. Series Editors: Will Kymlicka, David Miller, and Alan Ryan

Desert Collapses

Stephen Kershnar
Desert Collapses Book PDF

Author : Stephen Kershnar
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2021-08-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000429220

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Desert Collapses by Stephen Kershnar Pdf

People consider desert part of our moral world. It structures how we think about important areas such as love, punishment, and work. This book argues that no one deserves anything. If this is correct, then claims that people deserve general and specific things are false. At the heart of desert is the notion of moral credit or discredit. People deserve good things (credit) when they are good people or do desirable things. These desirable things might be right, good, or virtuous acts. People deserve bad things (discredit) when they are bad people or do undesirable things. On some theories, people deserve credit in general terms. For instance, they deserve a good life. On other theories, people deserve credit in specific terms. For instance, they deserve specific incomes, jobs, punishments, relationships, or reputations. The author’s argument against desert rests on three claims: There is no adequate theory of what desert is. Even if there were an adequate theory of what desert is, nothing grounds (justifies) desert. Even if there were an adequate theory of what desert is and something were to ground it, there is no plausible account of what people deserve. Desert Collapses will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working in ethics and political philosophy.

The Politics of Objectivity

Peter J. Steinberger
The Politics of Objectivity Book PDF

Author : Peter J. Steinberger
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2015-08-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781107109384

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The Politics of Objectivity by Peter J. Steinberger Pdf

An exploration of the inherent and often hidden logic of political conflict.

Autonomy and Liberalism

Ben Colburn
Autonomy and Liberalism Book PDF

Author : Ben Colburn
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2010-01-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781136996849

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Autonomy and Liberalism by Ben Colburn Pdf

Autonomy and Liberalism concerns the foundations and implications of a particular form of liberal political theory. Colburn argues that one should see liberalism as a political theory committed to the value of autonomy, understood as consisting in an agent deciding for herself what is valuable and living her life in accordance with that decision. He then goes on to consider what this commitment amounts to in terms of a substantial theory of political morality, and explain why he takes it to be superior to the various other liberal theories in current circulation.

Social Justice and Islamic Economics

Toseef Azid,Lutfi Sunar
Social Justice and Islamic Economics Book PDF

Author : Toseef Azid,Lutfi Sunar
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2019-02-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781351364553

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Social Justice and Islamic Economics by Toseef Azid,Lutfi Sunar Pdf

Under the rule of the current economic order, social injustice is ever-increasing. Issues such as poverty, inhumane working conditions, inadequate wages, social insecurity and an unhealthy labor market continue to persist. Many states are also unable to produce policies capable of resolving these problems. The characteristics of the capitalist system currently render it unable to provide social justice. In fact, on the contrary, the system reinforces these injustices and prevents economic and social welfare from reaching the masses. Many Muslim scholars have analyzed and, indeed, criticized this system for years. This book argues that an alternative and more equitable theoretical and practical economical order can been developed within the framework of Islamic principles. On the other hand, the experiences of societies under the rule of Muslim governments do not always seem to hold great promise for an alternative understanding of social justice. In addition, the behaviors of Muslim individuals within their economic lives are mostly shaped by the necessities of daily economic conditions rather than by the tenets of Islam that stand with social justice. Until 1990s, studies of Islamic economics made connections between finance and the notion of social justice, but work conducted more recently has neglected this issue. It is therefore evident that the topic of social justice needs to be revisited in a more in-depth manner. Filling an important gap in existing literature, the book uniquely connects social justice and Islamic finance and economics on this topic. Theory, practice and key issues are presented simultaneously throughout this book, which is based on the writings of a number of eminent scholars.

Distributing the Harm of Just Wars

Sara Van Goozen
Distributing the Harm of Just Wars Book PDF

Author : Sara Van Goozen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000364545

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Distributing the Harm of Just Wars by Sara Van Goozen Pdf

This book argues that the risk of harm in armed conflict should be divided equally between combatants and enemy non-combatants. International law requires that combatants in war take ‘all feasible precautions’ to minimise damage to civilian objects, injury to civilians, and incidental loss of civilian life. However, there is no clear explanation of what ‘feasible precautions’ means in this context, or what would count as sufficiently minimised incidental harm. As a result, it is difficult to judge whether a particular war or offensive actually satisfies this requirement. Just war theorists often consider it common sense that merely not intending to harm innocent civilians is not sufficient, but there is little clarity in the literature regarding what this means. One crucial question that is almost always overlooked is that of what the appropriate baseline distribution of risk should be. This book defends the Minimal Harm Requirement (MHR), which states that combatants should make an effort to reduce merely foreseen harm to enemy non-combatants to the lowest reasonable level. In order to assess which risk impositions are reasonable, and which are not, an egalitarian baseline should be adopted, suggesting that other things being equal risk of harm should be distributed equally between just combatants and unjust non-combatants. This book will be of much interest to students of just war theory, ethics, security studies, and international relations.

Business Ethics After the Global Financial Crisis

Christopher Cowton,James Dempsey,Tom Sorell
Business Ethics After the Global Financial Crisis Book PDF

Author : Christopher Cowton,James Dempsey,Tom Sorell
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-31
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780429825880

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Business Ethics After the Global Financial Crisis by Christopher Cowton,James Dempsey,Tom Sorell Pdf

The global financial crisis (GFC) that began in 2007 concentrated attention on the morality of banking and financial activities. Just as mainstream businesses became increasingly defined by their financial performance, banks, it seemed, got themselves – and everyone else – into trouble through an over-emphasis on themselves as commercial enterprises that need pay little attention to traditional banking virtues or ethics. While the GFC had many causes, criticism was legitimately levelled at banks over the ethics of mortgage creation, excessive securitisation, executive remuneration, and high-pressure customer sales tactics, amongst other things. These criticisms mirror those that have been levelled at the business more generally, particular in the last decade, although the backdrop provided by the GFC is more dramatic, and the outcomes of supposed wrongdoing more severe. This book focuses on business ethics after the GFC; not on the crisis itself, but how we should respond to it. The GFC has focused minds on the proper role of ethics in the understanding and conduct of business activity, but it is essential to look beyond the crisis to address the deeper challenges that it highlights. The aim of this volume is to present examples of the latest philosophically-informed thinking across a range of ethical issues that relate to business activity, using the banks and the GFC – the consequences of which continue to reverberate – as a point of departure. The book will be of great value to researchers, academics, practitioners, and students interested in business, ethics in general, and business ethics in particular.

Distributive Justice

Julian Lamont
Distributive Justice Book PDF

Author : Julian Lamont
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 572 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2017-05-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781351943437

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Distributive Justice by Julian Lamont Pdf

A central component of justice is how the economic goods are distributed in a society. Philosophers contribute to distributive justice debates by providing arguments for principles to guide and evaluate the allocation of economic goods and to guide the design of institutions to achieve more just distributions. This volume includes both seminal and recent work by philosophers, covering a range of representative positions, including libertarian, egalitarian, desert, and welfare theorists. The introduction to the volume and the selections themselves are designed to allow students and professionals to see some of the most influential pieces that have shaped the field, as well as some key critics of these positions. The articles intersect in such a way as to develop an appreciation of the types of theories and the central issues addressed by theories of distributive justice. Furthermore, the choice of authors in this collection reflects an appreciation of the influence of institutions in general, markets in particular, and even luck on the distribution of economic goods.

The Oxford Handbook of Freedom

David Schmidtz,Carmen E. Pavel
The Oxford Handbook of Freedom Book PDF

Author : David Schmidtz,Carmen E. Pavel
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780199989423

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The Oxford Handbook of Freedom by David Schmidtz,Carmen E. Pavel Pdf

We speak of being 'free' to speak our minds, free to go to college, free to move about; we can be cancer-free, debt-free, worry-free, or free from doubt. The concept of freedom (and relatedly the notion of liberty) is ubiquitous but not everyone agrees what the term means, and the philosophical analysis of freedom that has grown over the last two decades has revealed it to be a complex notion whose meaning is dependent on the context. The Oxford Handbook of Freedom will crystallize this work and craft the first wide-ranging analysis of freedom in all its dimensions: legal, cultural, religious, economic, political, and psychological. This volume includes 28 new essays by well regarded philosophers, as well some historians and political theorists, in order to reflect the breadth of the topic. This handbook covers both current scholarship as well as historical trends, with an overall eye to how current ideas on freedom developed. The volume is divided into six sections: conceptual frames (framing the overall debates about freedom), historical frames (freedom in key historical periods, from the ancients onward), institutional frames (freedom and the law), cultural frames (mutual expectations on our 'right' to be free), economic frames (freedom and the market), and lastly psychological frames (free will in philosophy and psychology).

Domination and Global Political Justice

Barbara Buckinx,Jonathan Trejo-Mathys,Timothy Waligore
Domination and Global Political Justice Book PDF

Author : Barbara Buckinx,Jonathan Trejo-Mathys,Timothy Waligore
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2015-02-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317633365

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Domination and Global Political Justice by Barbara Buckinx,Jonathan Trejo-Mathys,Timothy Waligore Pdf

Domination consists in subjection to the will of others and manifests itself both as a personal relation and a structural phenomenon serving as the context for relations of power. Domination has again become a central political concern through the revival of the republican tradition of political thought (not to be confused with the US political party). However, normative debates about domination have mostly remained limited to the context of domestic politics. Also, the republican debate has not taken into account alternative ways of conceptualizing domination. Critical theorists, liberals, feminists, critical race theorists, and postcolonial writers have discussed domination in different ways, focusing on such problems as imperialism, racism, and the subjection of indigenous peoples. This volume extends debates about domination to the global level and considers how other streams in political theory and nearby disciplines enrich, expand upon, and critique the republican tradition’s contributions to the debate. This volume brings together, for the first time, mostly original pieces on domination and global political justice by some of this generation’s most prominent scholars, including Philip Pettit, James Bohman, Rainer Forst, Amy Allen, John McCormick, Thomas McCarthy, Charles Mills, Duncan Ivison, John Maynor, Terry Macdonald, Stefan Gosepath, and Hauke Brunkhorst.

Retirement, Pensions and Justice

Mark Hyde,Rory Shand
Retirement Pensions and Justice Book PDF

Author : Mark Hyde,Rory Shand
Publisher : Springer
Page : 133 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2017-05-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781137600660

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Retirement, Pensions and Justice by Mark Hyde,Rory Shand Pdf

This book addresses the tendency to mischaracterise liberalism as a “neoliberal” reform project, arguing that liberal political philosophy is concerned only to sustain the conditions that make individual freedom possible. This is illustrated with reference to the design of pensions. Considered in terms of liberal justice, retirement systems require redistributive transfers to help the poor, measures to ensure that retirees are rewarded on their merits, and provisions that treat everyone with equal dignity and respect. Rather than presenting liberal pensions as a close analogue to neoliberalism, this volume highlights their egalitarian virtues. This book will appeal to scholars of retirement and pensions, social policy, economics and political philosophy.