Lifeboat Ethic Versus Corporate Ethic

Author : Monica Das Gupta
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 27 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Business ethics
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Lifeboat Ethic Versus Corporate Ethic by Monica Das Gupta Pdf

May 1999 Kinship systems profoundly influence household economic strategies and thereby affect a wide range of development outcomes. Das Gupta distinguishes the lifeboat ethic of Northern Europe's stem family system from the corporate ethic of North India's joint family system, which has much in common with that of China. She contrasts these family systems to show how norms of residence and inheritance * Profoundly influence our values and social constructs. * Shape patterns of conflict and cooperation between people, thus influencing many basic aspects of social organization and behavior. * Influence health outcomes by categorizing people according to whether their health is promoted or allowed to fail. * Shape a wide range of other development outcomes, including migration, strategies of household resource management, ways of exploiting commercial opportunities, and the operation of civil society. Das Gupta develops a number of hypotheses about the nature of these relationships. Some of these are substantiated quantitatively, and others can be tested empirically. This paper-a product of Regulation and Competition Policy, Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to study social institutions and development outcomes. Monica Das Gupta may be contacted at [email protected].

Author : Monica Das Gupta
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290705184

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Lifeboat Ethic Versus Corporate Ethic by Monica Das Gupta Pdf

Kinship systems profoundly influence household economic strategies and thereby affect a wide range of development outcomes.Das Gupta distinguishes the lifeboat ethic of Northern Europe's stem family system from the corporate ethic of North India's joint family system, which has much in common with that of China. She contrasts these family systems to show how norms of residence and inheritance- Profoundly influence our values and social constructs.- Shape patterns of conflict and cooperation between people, thus influencing many basic aspects of social organization and behavior.- Influence health outcomes by categorizing people according to whether their health is promoted or allowed to fail.- Shape a wide range of other development outcomes, including migration, strategies of household resource management, ways of exploiting commercial opportunities, and the operation of civil society.Das Gupta develops a number of hypotheses about the nature of these relationships. Some of these are substantiated quantitatively, and others can be tested empirically.This paper - a product of Regulation and Competition Policy, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study social institutions and development outcomes. Monica Das Gupta may be contacted at [email protected].

Author : Stijn Claessens,Simeon Djankov,Leora Klapper
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Bank
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Resolution of Corporate Distress by Stijn Claessens,Simeon Djankov,Leora Klapper Pdf

Abstract: June 1999 - Evidence from East Asia suggests that a firm's ownership relationship with a family or bank provides insurance against the likelihood of bankruptcy during bad times, possibly at the expense of minority shareholders. Bankruptcy is more likely in countries with strong creditor rights and a good judicial system - perhaps because creditors are more likely to force a firm to file for bankruptcy. The widespread financial crisis in East Asia caused large economic shocks, which varied by degree across the region. That crisis provides a unique opportunity for investigating the factors that determine the use of bankruptcy processes in a number of economies. Claessens, Djankov, and Klapper study the use of bankruptcy in Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan (China), and Thailand. These economies differ in their institutional frameworks for resolving financial distress, partly because of the different origins of their judicial systems. One difference is the strength of creditor rights, which Claessens, Djankov, and Klapper document. They expect that differences in legal enforcement and judicial efficiency should affect the resolution of financial distress. Using a sample of 4,569 publicly traded East Asian firms, they observe a total of 106 bankruptcies in 1997 and 1998. They find that: · The likelihood of filing for bankruptcy is lower for firms with ownership links to banks and families, controlling for firm and country characteristics. Filings are more likely in countries with better judicial systems; Filings are more likely where there are both strong creditor rights and a good judicial system. These results alone do not allow Claessens, Djankov, and Klapper to address whether increased use of bankruptcy is an efficient resolution mechanism. This paper - a product of the Financial Economics Unit, Financial Sector Practice Department - is part of a larger effort in the department to study corporate financing and governance mechanisms in emerging markets.

Author : Monica Das Gupta,Li Shuzhuo
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 39 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Discrimacion basada en el sexo - Corea
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Gender Bias in China, South Korea and India, 1920-90 by Monica Das Gupta,Li Shuzhuo Pdf

Author : Asl? Demirgüç-Kunt,Ross Levine
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 73 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Bancos
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Bank-based and Market-based Financial Systems by Asl? Demirgüç-Kunt,Ross Levine Pdf

Author : Jean-Paul Azam,Shantayanan Devarajan,Stephen A. O'Connell
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 19 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Ayuda al desarrollo
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Aid Dependence Reconsidered by Jean-Paul Azam,Shantayanan Devarajan,Stephen A. O'Connell Pdf

When foreign aid undermines institutions, countries can become aid-dependent, even if donors and recipients have the best intentions.

Author : Bernard M. Hoekman,Kamal Saggi
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Comercio - Paises en desarrollo
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Multilateral Disciplines for Investment-related Policies by Bernard M. Hoekman,Kamal Saggi Pdf

Abstract: June 1999 - Is there a strong case for developing countries to support the creation of a multilateral agreement on investment? Probably not. Existing agreements offer ample scope for liberalizing foreign direct investment in the area that matters most to developing countries: services. Hoekman and Saggi evaluate the potential benefits of international disciplines on policies toward foreign direct investment for developing countries. They conclude that the case for initiating negotiations on investment policies is weak, at present. Negotiating efforts that center on further liberalizing market access on a nondiscriminatory basis-especially for services-are likely to be more fruitful in terms of economic welfare and growth. Existing multilateral instruments, although imperfect, are far from fully exploited and provide significant opportunities for governments opening further access to markets. Hoekman and Saggi conclude that priority should be given to expanding coverage of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) before seeking to negotiate general disciplines on investment policies. This paper-a product of Trade, Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to prepare for the next round of WTO negotiations. The authors may be contacted at bhoekman@@worldbank.org or ksaggi @@mail.smu.edu.

Author : Thorsten Beck,Asl? Demirgüç-Kunt,Ross Levine
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 67 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Banca central
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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A New Database on Financial Development and Structure by Thorsten Beck,Asl? Demirgüç-Kunt,Ross Levine Pdf

This new database of indicators of financial development and structure across countries and over time unites a range of indicators that measure the size, activity, and efficiency of financial intermediaries and markets.

Author : William Russell Easterly,Aart Kraay
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 41 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2024-07-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Small States, Small Problems? by William Russell Easterly,Aart Kraay Pdf

Author : Oya Celasun,Cevdet Denizer,Dong He
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Banking law
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Capital Flows, Macroeconomic Management, and the Financial System by Oya Celasun,Cevdet Denizer,Dong He Pdf

July 1999 Between 1989-97, large private capital flows to Turkey contributed to economic growth. Yet chronic and high fiscal deficits - coupled with an inconsistent financial sector regulatory framework - left the banking system and the economy vulnerable to capital flow reversals and external shocks. Recent developments in a number of emerging economies have heightened interest in the relationship between macroeconomic management and financial regulation, in an environment of open capital accounts and large-scale movements of private capital. Celasun, Denizer, and He analyze the Turkish experience with capital flows in a macroeconomy characterized by chronically high inflation and fiscal deficits. They study the relationship between capital flows, macroeconomic management, and vulnerability in the financial system. Their analysis highlights the importance of fiscal policy in an era of large capital flows. Fiscal imbalances contributed both to real exchange rate appreciation and high real interest rates in Turkey. The high interest rates the government must pay on domestic debt have become one of the key issues of Turkey's macroeconomic management. Only by reducing its interest expenses can fiscal deficits be reduced and greater stability be achieved. The Turkish banking system, in becoming increasingly integrated with international financial markets, has become vulnerable to shifts in market confidence. Banks borrowed abroad in response to macroeconomic imbalances to benefit from high interest rates on domestic loans and government paper. In the process, the banks have exposed themselves to interest rate risk, to foreign-exchange risk, and to large credit risks. To reduce the Turkish economy's vulnerability to external shocks, financial regulation must be strengthened simultaneously with the achievement of macroeconomic stability. This paper - a product of the Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Sector Unit, Europe and Central Asia Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to examine the relationship between capital flows and economic management. The authors may be contacted at [email protected], [email protected], or [email protected].

Author : Jyotsna Jalan,Martin Ravallion
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Communities and Human Settlements
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Income Gains to the Poor from Workfare by Jyotsna Jalan,Martin Ravallion Pdf

A workfare program was introduced in response to high unemployment in Argentina. An ex-post evaluation using matching methods indicates that the program generated sizable net income gains to generally poor participants.

Author : Andrés Solimano
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 19 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Balance of payments
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Globalization and National Development at the End of the 20th Century by Andrés Solimano Pdf

Abstract: June 1999 - Do globalization and national development reinforce each other? Are they mutually compatible? What opportunities for national development does globalization open? What problems does it pose? What is the proper balance between national, regional, and global responses to the challenges posed by globalization? Globalization offers developing countries the opportunities to create wealth through export-led growth, to expand international trade in goods and services, and to gain access to new ideas, technologies, and institutional designs. But globalization also entails problems and tensions that must be appropriately managed. For one thing, global business cycles can contribute greatly to macroeconomic volatility at the national level. The scope and severity of crises in Mexico (1994-95), Asia (1997), Russia (1998), and Brazil (1999) suggests the severity of the financial vulnerability developing countries face nowadays. With financial markets so highly integrated, problems are transmitted rapidly from one country to another. The rapid transmission of financial shocks changes levels of confidence and affects exchange rates, interest rates, asset prices, and, ultimately, output and employment-with consequent social effects. Policymakers should also be concerned about how globalization exacerbates job instability and income disparities both within and across countries. Macroeconomic and financial crises, by increasing poverty and social tensions, can be political destabilizing. As the 20th century ends, the resources of Bretton Woods institutions are strained because of the large and complex rescue packages needed to deal with large-scale volatility. Development policy agendas in the era of globalization need to articulate traditional concerns with growth, stability, and social equity with new themes such as transparency and good governance at several levels: national, regional, and global. This paper-a product of the Country Management Unit, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela-is part of a larger effort in the region to understand the links between globalization and national development. The author may be contacted at [email protected].

Author : Christiaan Grootaert
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 83 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Associations, institutions, etc
ISBN : 9789907290752

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Social Capital, Household Welfare and Poverty in Indonesia by Christiaan Grootaert Pdf

It pays for poor households to participate actively in local associations. At low incomes, the returns to social capital are higher than returns to human capital. At higher incomes, the reverse is true.

Author : Steven Joseph Matusz,David G. Tarr
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 63 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Comercio - Paises en desarrollo
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Adjusting to Trade Policy Reform by Steven Joseph Matusz,David G. Tarr Pdf

A survey of more than 50 empirical papers shows that the adjustment costs of trade liberalization are small relative to the benefits. Moreover, manufacturing employment typically increases with trade liberalization. The limited data suggests that trade liberalization reduces poverty.

Author : Scott J. Wallsten
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 27 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Competition
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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An Empirical Analysis of competition, Privatization, and Regulation in telecommunications Market in Africa and Latin America by Scott J. Wallsten Pdf