Linguistic Theory And Empirical Evidence

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Linguistic Theory and Empirical Evidence

Bob de Jonge,Yishai Tobin
Linguistic Theory and Empirical Evidence Book PDF

Author : Bob de Jonge,Yishai Tobin
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2011-06-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027286871

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Linguistic Theory and Empirical Evidence by Bob de Jonge,Yishai Tobin Pdf

This volume further elaborates the empirical tradition of Columbia School (CS) Linguistics by offering diverse empirical analyses for a wide variety of languages. These studies open a much needed debate advocating the necessity of the independent validation of linguistic hypotheses. This research exemplifies how such a validation should be conducted by determining which forms underlie the analyses and extracting those observations that are considered to be objective. The volume consists of two parts: a section on synchronic and diachronic grammatical problems and a section on Phonology as Human Behavior (PHB), the Columbia School version of phonology, applied to evolutionary, developmental and clinical issues and the phonotactics of the selected lexicon of a literary text. It provides a wealth of useful empirical data and in-depth and sophisticated qualitative and quantitative analyses of a broad range of languages from diverse families: French, Spanish, Afrikaans, Dutch, English, Polish, Russian, Japanese, and Hebrew.

Empirical Approaches to Linguistic Theory

Britta Stolterfoht,Sam Featherston
Empirical Approaches to Linguistic Theory Book PDF

Author : Britta Stolterfoht,Sam Featherston
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-10-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781614510888

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Empirical Approaches to Linguistic Theory by Britta Stolterfoht,Sam Featherston Pdf

The mental representation of language cannot be directly observed but must be inferred and modelled from its effects at second hand. Linguists have traditionally responded to this in two ways, either going for a fairly data-light approach and valuing theoretical creativity, or pursuing just those goals for which data is available and trusting to data-driven descriptive work. More recently, advances in technology and experimental techniques have made data gathering easier and more accessible, so that a theoretically informed but empirically based approach is rapidly growing in popularity. This synthesis permits linguists to combine the intellectual hypothesis generation of the theoreticians with the ability to deliver hard answers of the empiricist. This volume is a collection of papers in this direction, using mostly experiment methods to yield insights into syntactic and semantic structures, language processing, and acquisition. Papers report corpus data, neurological investigations, child language studies, and fieldwork from minority languages.

Modern Theories of Language

Mortéza Mahmoudian
Modern Theories of Language Book PDF

Author : Mortéza Mahmoudian
Publisher : Sound and Meaning: The Roman J
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : UOM:39015020880962

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Modern Theories of Language by Mortéza Mahmoudian Pdf

In a controversial look at the study of linguistics today, Mortéza Mahmoudian examines twentieth-century theories of language in light of empirical evidence. In the past, linguists have had to choose between a general linguistic theory aimed at universal explanatory power and specific, limited linguistic models. Arguing that at various levels of linguistic analysis different theories offer more or less explanatory power, Mahmoudian makes a persuasive case for an integrated approach incorporating the strengths of both methods. The author begins with the identification of principles which, despite differences in terminology, are held in common by most twentieth-century linguists. He shows the implications, merits, and shortcomings of the major schools of linguistic thought, as well as the techniques one can use in gathering data. Ranging over a wide variety of international linguistic thinking, Mahmoudian takes up the question of what he calls experimentation, or the extent to which the application of certain linguistic theories have validity in constucting models. Simultaneously a survey of the current state of linguistic theory and a case for the necessity of empirical verification in linguistics, Modern Theories of Language builds a bridge across the gulf between many long-standing conflicts in the theory of language. Accessibly written, this provocative work predicts future theorerical and epistemological developments and will prove essential reading for students and scholars of linguistics, as well as specialists in cognitive psychology and Romance languages.

Linguistic Evidence

Stephan Kepser,Marga Reis
Linguistic Evidence Book PDF

Author : Stephan Kepser,Marga Reis
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 590 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2008-08-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110197549

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Linguistic Evidence by Stephan Kepser,Marga Reis Pdf

The renaissance of corpus linguistics and promising developments in experimental linguistic techniques in recent years have led to a remarkable revival of interest in issues of the empirical base of linguistic theory in general, and the status of different kinds of linguistic evidence in particular. Consensus is growing (a) that even so-called primary data (from introspection as well as authentic language production) are inherently complex performance data only indirectly reflecting the subject of linguistic theory, (b) that for an appropriate foundation of linguistic theories evidence from different sources such as introspective data, corpus data, data from (psycho-)linguistic experiments, historical and diachronic data, typological data, neurolinguistic data and language learning data are not only welcome but also often necessary. It is in particular by contrasting evidence from different sources with respect to particular research questions that we may gain a deeper understanding of the status and quality of the individual types of linguistic evidence on the one hand, and of their mutual relationship and respective weight on the other. The present volume is a collection of (selected) papers presented at the conference on 'Linguistic Evidence' in Tübingen 2004, which was explicitly devoted to the above issues. All of them address these issues in relation to specific linguistic research problems, thereby helping to establish a better understanding of the nature of linguistic evidence in particularly insightful ways.

Empirical Linguistics

Geoffrey Sampson
Empirical Linguistics Book PDF

Author : Geoffrey Sampson
Publisher : A&C Black
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2002-09-12
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781847144317

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Empirical Linguistics by Geoffrey Sampson Pdf

Linguistics has become an empirical science again after several decades when it was preoccupied with speakers' hazy "intuitions" about language structure. With a mixture of English-language case studies and more theoretical analyses, Geoffrey Sampson gives an overview of some of the new findings and insights about the nature of language which are emerging from investigations of real-life speech and writing, often (although not always) using computers and electronic language samples ("corpora"). Concrete evidence is brought to bear to resolve long-standing questions such as "Is there one English language or many Englishes?" and "Do different social groups use characteristically elaborated or restricted language codes?" Sampson shows readers how to use some of the new techniques for themselves, giving a step-by-step "recipe-book" method for applying a quantitative technique that was invented by Alan Turing in the World War II code-breaking work at Bletchley Park and has been rediscovered and widely applied in linguistics fifty years later.

Evidence for Linguistic Relativity

Susanne Niemeier,René Dirven
Evidence for Linguistic Relativity Book PDF

Author : Susanne Niemeier,René Dirven
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2000-04-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027284464

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Evidence for Linguistic Relativity by Susanne Niemeier,René Dirven Pdf

This volume has arisen from the 26th International LAUD Symposium on “Humboldt and Whorf Revisited. Universal and Culture-Specific Conceptualizations in Grammar and Lexis”. While contrasting two or more languages, the papers in this volume either provide empirical evidence confirming hypotheses related to linguistic relativity, or deal with methodological issues of empirical research.These new approaches to Whorf’s hypotheses do not focus on mere theorizing but provide more and more empirical evidence gathered over the last years. They prove in a very sophisticated way that Whorf’s ideas were very lucid ones, even if Whorf’s insights were framed in a terminology which lacked the flexibility of linguistic categories developed over the last quarter of this century, especially in cognitive linguistics. To date, there is sufficient proof to claim that linguistic relativity is indeed a vital issue, and the current volume confirms a more general trend for rehabilitating Whorf’s theory complex and also offers evidence for it. It contains articles written by scholars from various fields of linguistics including phonology, psycholinguistics, language acquisition, historical linguistics, anthropological linguistics and (cross-)cultural semantics, which all contribute to a re-evaluation and partial reformulation of Whorf’s thinking.

Practical Theories and Empirical Practice

Andrea C. Schalley
Practical Theories and Empirical Practice Book PDF

Author : Andrea C. Schalley
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027223944

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Practical Theories and Empirical Practice by Andrea C. Schalley Pdf

There is a perceived tension between empirical and theoretical approaches to the study of language. Many recent works in the discipline emphasise that linguistics is an 'empirical science'. This volume argues for a nuanced view, highlighting that theory and practice necessarily and as a matter of fact complement each other in linguistic research. Its contributions – ranging from experimental studies in psychology via linguistic fieldwork and cross-linguistic comparisons to the application of formal and logical approaches to language – exemplify the mutual relationship between empirical and theoretical work. The volume illustrates how selected topics are addressed by different contributions and methodological stances. Topics include the cognitive grounding of language, social cognition and the construction of meaning in interaction, and, closely related, pragmatics from a typological perspective and beyond. Anyone interested in these topics and more generally in meta-theoretical considerations will find great value in this volume.

The empirical base of linguistics

Carson T. Schütze
The empirical base of linguistics Book PDF

Author : Carson T. Schütze
Publisher : Language Science Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2015-12-24
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783946234029

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The empirical base of linguistics by Carson T. Schütze Pdf

Throughout much of the history of linguistics, grammaticality judgments - intuitions about the well-formedness of sentences - have constituted most of the empirical base against which theoretical hypothesis have been tested. Although such judgments often rest on subtle intuitions, there is no systematic methodology for eliciting them, and their apparent instability and unreliability have led many to conclude that they should be abandoned as a source of data. Carson T. Schütze presents here a detailed critical overview of the vast literature on the nature and utility of grammaticality judgments and other linguistic intuitions, and the ways they have been used in linguistic research. He shows how variation in the judgment process can arise from factors such as biological, cognitive, and social differences among subjects, the particular elicitation method used, and extraneous features of the materials being judged. He then assesses the status of judgments as reliable indicators of a speaker's grammar. Integrating substantive and methodological findings, Schütze proposes a model in which grammaticality judgments result from interaction of linguistic competence with general cognitive processes. He argues that this model provides the underpinning for empirical arguments to show that once extragrammatical variance is factored out, universal grammar succumbs to a simpler, more elegant analysis than judgment data initially lead us to expect. Finally, Schütze offers numerous practical suggestions on how to collect better and more useful data. The result is a work of vital importance that will be required reading for linguists, cognitive psychologists, and philosophers of language alike.

Research in Second Language Acquisition

Dagmar Keatinge,Jörg-U. Keßler
Research in Second Language Acquisition Book PDF

Author : Dagmar Keatinge,Jörg-U. Keßler
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2009-05-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781443810951

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Research in Second Language Acquisition by Dagmar Keatinge,Jörg-U. Keßler Pdf

Research in Second Language Acquisition: Empirical Evidence Across Languages provides an overview of current research within the Processability Theory framework (Pienemann 1998; 2005). The articles in this volume combine a more theoretical approach in order to further extend the theory and studies utilizing PT to further investigate bilingual language acquisition and language development in natural and institutional settings. Taking these different aspects into consideration, this volume is organised in two parts. Part 1 Second Language Processing: Contributions to Theory Development contains a number of papers discussing the inclusion of further theoretical aspects into PT, focusing on English as a second language. In Part 2 Second Language Grammars across Languages, PT is applied to a number of typologically different languages and contexts.

Inquiries in Hispanic Linguistics

Alejandro Cuza,Lori Czerwionka,Daniel Olson
Inquiries in Hispanic Linguistics Book PDF

Author : Alejandro Cuza,Lori Czerwionka,Daniel Olson
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2016-11-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027266453

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Inquiries in Hispanic Linguistics by Alejandro Cuza,Lori Czerwionka,Daniel Olson Pdf

Inquires in Hispanic Linguistics: From Theory to Empirical Evidence showcases eighteen chapters from formal and empirical approaches related to Spanish syntax and semantics, phonetics and phonology, and language contact and variation. Drawing on data from a number of monolingual and contact Spanish varieties, this volume represents the most current themes and methods in the field of Hispanic linguistics. The book brings together both established and emerging scholars, and readers will appreciate the variety of theoretical approaches, ranging from generative to variationist perspectives. The book is geared towards researchers and students in Spanish and Romance linguistics. Given its scope and quality, this volume is also well-suited for graduate courses in Spanish morphosyntax, phonetics, sociolinguistics, and language contact and change.

Empirical Evidences and Theoretical Assumptions in Functional Linguistics

Elissa Asp,Michelle Aldridge
Empirical Evidences and Theoretical Assumptions in Functional Linguistics Book PDF

Author : Elissa Asp,Michelle Aldridge
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2022-07-28
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780429631863

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Empirical Evidences and Theoretical Assumptions in Functional Linguistics by Elissa Asp,Michelle Aldridge Pdf

This collection explores the relationships between theory and evidences in functional linguistics, bringing together perspectives from both established and emerging scholars. The volume begins by establishing theoretical common ground for functional approaches to language, critically discussing empirical inquiry in functional linguistics and the challenges and opportunities of using new technologies in linguistic investigations. Building on this foundation, the second part of the volume explores the challenges involved in using different data sources as evidence for theorizing language and linguistic processes, drawing on work on lexical cohesion in language variation, neuroimaging and neuropathological data, and keystroke logging and eye-tracking. The final section of the volume examines the ways in which evidences from a wide range of data sources can offer new perspectives toward challenging established theoretical claims, employing empirical evidences from corpus linguistic analysis, keystroke logging, and multimodal communication. This pioneering collection synthesizes perspectives and addresses fundamental questions in the investigation of the relationships between theory and evidences in functional linguistics and will be of particular interest to researchers working in the field, as well as linguists working in experimental and interdisciplinary approaches which seek to bridge this gap.

Linguistic Theory in Second Language Acquisition

S. Flynn,W. O'Neil
Linguistic Theory in Second Language Acquisition Book PDF

Author : S. Flynn,W. O'Neil
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789400927339

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Linguistic Theory in Second Language Acquisition by S. Flynn,W. O'Neil Pdf

Suzanne Flynn and Wayne O'Neil Massachusetts Institute of Technology I. INTRODUCTION The theory of Universal Grammar (UG) as explicated e. g. in Chomsky, 1986, has led to explosive developments in the study of natural language as well as to significant advances in the study of first language (L I) acquisition. Most recently. the theory of UG has led to important theore tical and empirical advances in the field of adult second language (L2) acquisition as well. The principle impetus for this development can be traced to the work in linguistics which shifted the study "from behavior or the products of behavior to states of the mind/brain that enter into behavior" (Chomksy. 1986:3). Grammars within this framework are conceived of as theoretical accounts of "the state of the mind/brain of the person who knows a particular language" (Chomsky. 1986:3). Research within fields of language acquisition seeks to isolate and specify the properties of the underlying competence necessary for language learning. Full development of a theory of UG demands study and understanding of the nature of both the formal properties of language and of the language acquisition process itself. However. while there is a tradition of debate and dialogue established between theoretical linguistics and Ll acquisition research. relatively few connections have been made between linguistic theory and L2 acquisition research.

What Counts as Evidence in Linguistics

Martina Penke,Anette Rosenbach
What Counts as Evidence in Linguistics Book PDF

Author : Martina Penke,Anette Rosenbach
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2007-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9027222371

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What Counts as Evidence in Linguistics by Martina Penke,Anette Rosenbach Pdf

What counts as evidence in linguistics? This question is addressed by the contributions to the present volume (originally published as a Special Issue of Studies in Language 28:3 (2004). Focusing on the innateness debate, what is illustrated is how formal and functional approaches to linguistics have different perspectives on linguistic evidence. While special emphasis is paid to the status of typological evidence and universals for the construction of Universal Grammar (UG), this volume also highlights more general issues such as the roles of (non)-standard language and historical evidence. To address the overall topic, the following three guiding questions are raised: What type of evidence can be used for innateness claims (or UG)?; What is the content of such innate features (or UG)?; and, How can UG be used as a theory guiding empirical research? A combination of articles and peer commentaries yields a lively discussion between leading representatives of formal and functional approaches.

Empirical Approaches to Cognitive Linguistics

Milla Luodonpää-Manni,Johanna Viimaranta
Empirical Approaches to Cognitive Linguistics Book PDF

Author : Milla Luodonpää-Manni,Johanna Viimaranta
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2017-05-11
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781443892223

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Empirical Approaches to Cognitive Linguistics by Milla Luodonpää-Manni,Johanna Viimaranta Pdf

This collection takes a cognitive linguistic view on analyzing language and presents innovative contemporary Finnish research to the international audience. The volume brings together nine chapters presenting empirical case studies that rely on various kinds of corpus data and experimental data or combine both types of empirical evidence. The topics vary from semantics to grammatical description, from terminological choices to language acquisition, and they study language from perspectives as diverse as psycholinguistics, comparative linguistics, and translation studies. A multi-methodological approach to linguistic research is promoted in this book. The idea is that language in all its diversity can best be studied by using the entire spectrum of modern quantitative and qualitative methods. It will appeal to academic readers, students, and established researchers, interested in the study of authentic linguistic material especially from the cognitive perspective.

Parts of Speech

Umberto Ansaldo,Jan Don,Roland Pfau
Parts of Speech Book PDF

Author : Umberto Ansaldo,Jan Don,Roland Pfau
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2010-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027222558

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Parts of Speech by Umberto Ansaldo,Jan Don,Roland Pfau Pdf

Parts of Speech are a central aspect of linguistic theory and analysis. Though a long-established tradition in Western linguistics and philosophy has assumed the validity of Parts of Speech in the study of language, there are still many questions left unanswered. For example, should Parts of Speech be treated as descriptive tools or are they to be considered universal constructs? Is it possible to come up with cross-linguistically valid formal categories, or are categories of language structure ultimately language-specific? Should they be defined semantically, syntactically, or otherwise? Do non-Indo-European languages reveal novel aspects of categorical assignment? This volume attempts to answer these and other fundamental questions for linguistic theory and its methodology by offering a range of contributions that spans diverse theoretical persuasions and contributes to our understanding of Parts of Speech with analyses of new data sets. These articles were originally published in "Studies in Language" 32:3 (2008).