Lipolytic Enzymes

Author : Hans Brockerhoff
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323155168

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Lipolytic Enzymes by Hans Brockerhoff Pdf

Lipolytic Enzymes focuses on the biochemistry of lipolytic enzymes, particularly, pancreatic lipase and phospholipase 2 as well as their structure and catalytic mechanism. It explores the kinetics of lipolysis, the digestive lipases of nonmammalian animals, the assay and purification of cholesterol esterases and phospholipases, the method phospholipases use in hydrolyzing phospholipids, and the adaptive mechanism of lipolytic enzymes at the lipid-water interface. Organized into eight chapters, this book begins with an overview of the importance of lipolytic enzymes, including their medical, therapeutic, food, and other industrial applications. It then proceeds with a discussion on the classification of lipolytic enzymes according to the type of bond they hydrolyze and the substrates on which they act. The next chapters look at the substrates and supersubstrates of lipolytic enzymes, along with their maximal velocity and the Michaelis constant. Moreover, the book talks about the detection and assay of lipases, the molecular properties of pancreatic cholesterol esterases, the stimulating effect of bile salts on cholesterol esterases, the hydrolytic cleavage of carboxyl esterases, and the occurrence and distribution of phosphohydrolases. A chapter discussing the two groups of lipolytic enzymes (the first containing enzymes of broad substrate specificity and not requiring cofactors; the second containing metalloenzymes with very narrow substrate requirements) concludes this book. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, biochemists, and those working in the field of nutritional sciences.

Author : Louis Freysz,Henri Dreyfus,Raphaël Massarelli,Shimon Gatt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 800 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468452129

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Enzymes of Lipid Metabolism II by Louis Freysz,Henri Dreyfus,Raphaël Massarelli,Shimon Gatt Pdf

This book presents the proceedings of the 2nd meeting on "Enzymes of Lipid Metabolism" which took place in Strasbourg in October, 1985. It is a sequel to the first conference bearing this title which took place, also in the vicinity of Strasbourg, in March, 1977. In either case the meetings were coorganized by L. Freysz of Strasbourg, France and S. Gatt of Jerusalem, Israel. The present meeting was set up as a joint NATO Advanced Research Workshop and CNRS-INSERM International Symposium. The conference was guided by two principles, namely, that science has no bounderies, neither has the study of lipid metabolism. Participants came from Europe, the USA, Israel and Japan and represented areas of research in lipid metabolism involving fatty acid s, cholesterylesters, glycero-and sphingolipids. The experimental approaches utilized purified enzymes, artificial and biological membranes, as well as a variety of cells, primary or cultured lines. A session was also devoted to modification of lipid enzymes and metabolism resulting from inherited, inborn defects such as the lipid storage diseases which are caused by genetic modification of degradative enzymes of lipid metabolism. A second type of disease stemming from a defect in a cell organnel (ie, the peroxisome) was also discussed. The eight and one and a half years which elapsed since the previous meeting, highlighted the changing emphasis of research in. lipid metabolism.

Author : Ben Halima, Nihed
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2018-12-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781522574835

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Unique Sequence Signatures in Plant Lipolytic Enzymes: Emerging Research and Opportunities by Ben Halima, Nihed Pdf

Lipids are biomolecules that constitute a significant amount of biomass in the earth, and plant lipids are rapidly growing in interest due to their roles in improving food technology, medicine, nutrition, and biotechnology. With recent advances in protein chemistry, biochemistry, and enzymology promoting research on lipolytic enzymes, it is important for research to address the mechanisms of such enzymes and their diverse functions. Unique Sequence Signatures in Plant Lipolytic Enzymes: Emerging Research and Opportunities provides innovative insights into the biochemistry of plant lipases and phospholipases as well as their structures and catalytic mechanisms. The book explores the conserved domains and motifs of plant lipolytic enzymes by identifying the main residues involved in the catalysis in the enzymes and the phylogeny of important plant lipolytic enzymes, as well as calculating the evolutionary distance in those enzymes. Organized into six chapters, it is a vital reference source for researchers, chemists, biologists, academicians, practitioners, medical professionals, engineers, and graduate students.

Author : Susanne Liebner,Lars Ganzert
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110497083

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Microbial Life in the Cryosphere and Its Feedback on Global Change by Susanne Liebner,Lars Ganzert Pdf

The cryosphere stands for environments where water appears in a frozen form. It includes permafrost, glaciers, ice sheets, and sea ice and is currently more affected by Global Change than most other regions of the Earth. In the cryosphere, limited water availability and subzero temperatures cause extreme conditions for all kind of life which microorganisms can cope with extremely well. The cryosphere’s microbiota displays an unexpectedly large genetic potential, and taxonomic as well as functional diversity which, however, we still only begin to map. Also, microbial communities influence reaction patterns of the cryosphere towards Global Change. Altered patterns of seasonal temperature fluctuations and precipitation are expected in the Arctic and will affect the microbial turnover of soil organic matter (SOM). Activation of nutrients by thawing and increased active layer thickness as well as erosion renders nutrient stocks accessible to microbial activities. Also, glacier melt and retreat stimulate microbial life in turn influencing albedo and surface temperatures. In this context, the functional resilience of microbial communities in the cryosphere is of major interest. Particularly important is the ability of microorganisms and microbial communities to respond to changes in their surroundings by intracellular regulation and population shifts within functional niches, respectively. Research on microbial life exposed to permanent freeze or seasonal freeze-thaw cycles has led to astonishing findings about microbial versatility, adaptation, and diversity. Microorganisms thrive in cold habitats and new sequencing techniques have produced large amounts of genomic, metagenomic, and metatranscriptomic data that allow insights into the fascinating microbial ecology and physiology at low and subzero temperatures. Moreover, some of the frozen ecosystems such as permafrost constitute major global carbon and nitrogen storages, but can also act as sources of the greenhouse gases methane and nitrous oxide. In this book we summarize state of the art knowledge on whether environmental changes are met by a flexible microbial community retaining its function, or if the altered conditions also render the community in a state of altered properties that affect the Earth’s element cycles and climate. This book brings together research on the cryosphere’s microbiota including permafrost, glaciers, and sea ice in Arctic and Antarctic regions. Different spatial scales and levels of complexity are considered, spanning from ecosystem level to pure culture studies of model microbes in the laboratory. It aims to attract a wide range of parties with interest in the effect of climate change and/or low temperatures on microbial nutrient cycling and physiology.

Author : Jacques Polonovski
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Medical
ISBN : UCAL:B4532436

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Cholesterol Metabolism and Lipolytic Enzymes by Jacques Polonovski Pdf

Author : Ian Stuart Cherry
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1931
Category : Electronic
ISBN : NWU:35558002741797

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Studies on lipolytic enzymes of blood and tissues by Ian Stuart Cherry Pdf

Author : Paul G. Lankisch
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1991-07-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3540531874

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Pancreatic Enzymes in Health and Disease by Paul G. Lankisch Pdf

This book reviews the special role of pancreatic enzymes in normal digestion and gives practical advice for pancreatic enzyme treatment in pancreatic disorders. Pancreatic enzymes play a decisive role in the digestion of fat, protein and carbohydrates. However, they experience a nonparallel decrease during their aboral transit. This physiological role has implications for enzyme treatment in the diseased pancreas.

Author : Stephen Pandol
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615041381

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The Exocrine Pancreas by Stephen Pandol Pdf

The secretions of the exocrine pancreas provide for digestion of a meal into components that are then available for processing and absorption by the intestinal epithelium. Without the exocrine pancreas, malabsorption and malnutrition result. This chapter describes the cellular participants responsible for the secretion of digestive enzymes and fluid that in combination provide a pancreatic secretion that accomplishes the digestive functions of the gland. Key cellular participants, the acinar cell and the duct cell, are responsible for digestive enzyme and fluid secretion, respectively, of the exocrine pancreas. This chapter describes the neurohumoral pathways that mediate the pancreatic response to a meal as well as details of the cellular mechanisms that are necessary for the organ responses, including protein synthesis and transport and ion transports, and the regulation of these responses by intracellular signaling systems. Examples of pancreatic diseases resulting from dysfunction in cellular mechanisms provide emphasis of the importance of the normal physiologic mechanisms.

Author : Jacques Polonovski
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Cholesterol
ISBN : OCLC:240818528

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Cholesterol Metabolism and Lipolytic Enzymes by Jacques Polonovski Pdf

Author : F.X. Malcata
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 648 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1996-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 0792340035

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Engineering Of/with Lipases by F.X. Malcata Pdf

The innovative uses of lipases in a wide variety of organic syntheses and the modification of existing fats and oils have increased exponentially over the last five years, due to the increasing availability of lipases from (genetically engineered) microbial sources, coupled with their special capacity to act as catalysts at hydrophilic/hydrophobic interfaces. As a result of the structural characterisation performed during the same period, applications of these lipases can now be developed in a much more rational way. Engineering of/with Lipases presents two major topics: the design and production of lipases with desired, preselected properties, and the use of lipases for desired applications. Audience: Doctoral and post-doctoral crystallographers, biochemists, geneticists and enzyme kineticists. Food, chemical and biochemical engineers. The former will learn about the practical aims and constraints associated with industrial applications of lipases, enabling them to design lipases for specific purposes. The latter will learn how to take advantage of the structural knowledge of lipases and their metabolic genesis to better design media, processes and products in terms of biochemical and technical feasibility.

Author : Mark Doolittle
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2008-02-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781592595815

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Lipase and Phospholipase Protocols by Mark Doolittle Pdf

The lipases and phospholipases represent a diverse group of enzymes that are expressed in animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria. Their ubiquitous distribution among all species is a testament to the essential roles played by these enzymes in lipid storage, mobilization and metabolism, membrane homeostasis and remodeling, endocrine and immune functions, and signal tra- duction. In humans, lipases and phospholipases are also thought to contribute to complex diseases, such as atherosclerosis, obesity, arthritis, and cancer, as well as to single gene defects, such as Wolman's disease and Type I hyperlipoproteinemia. Enzymatically, the lipases are unique, since they hydrolyze substrates that are either insoluble, or only partly soluble, in aq- ous solvents; thus, enzyme catalysis takes place at a lipid-water interface. The interface comprises at least two, and often more, discrete bulk and s- face phases, in which the enzyme, substrate, and products oflipolysis disperse among these phases based on their physical properties. Furthermore, the d- tribution of these components changes continuously as lipolysis proceeds. Thus, the lipases and phospholipases are fundamentally different from any other enzyme because of the physical complexity of the environment in which catalysis occurs.

Author : Dominic W.S. Wong
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781475723496

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Food Enzymes by Dominic W.S. Wong Pdf

Food Enzymes: Structure and Mechanism is the first volume to bring together current information on the structures and mechanisms of important food enzymes. It provides an in-depth discussion of the dynamic aspects of enzyme structures and their relationship to the chemistry of catalysis. The book emphasizes aspects of the chemistry of enzyme structure and mechanism seldom covered in the food science literature. It includes a thorough discussion of the genetic modification of enzyme structures and functions with reference to specific food enzymes. More than 100 illustrations enhance the clarity of important concepts. Comprehensive references reflect the current state of knowledge on enzyme actions.

Author : Harvard Glen Nelson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1952
Category : Lipase
ISBN : MINN:31951001974896H

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A Study of the Lipolytic Enzymes of Raw Skim Milk and Searator Slime by Harvard Glen Nelson Pdf

Author : James M. Ntambi
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 566 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2020-08-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128194058

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Lipid Signaling and Metabolism by James M. Ntambi Pdf

Lipid Signaling and Metabolism provides foundational knowledge and methods to examine lipid metabolism and bioactive lipid signaling mediators that regulate a broad spectrum of biological processes and disease states. Here, world-renowned investigators offer a basic examination of general lipid, metabolism, intracellular lipid storage and utilization that is followed by an in-depth discussion of lipid signaling and metabolism across disease areas, including obesity, diabetes, fatty liver disease, inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular disease and mood-related disorders. Throughout, authors demonstrate how expanding our understanding of lipid mediators in metabolism and signaling enables opportunities for novel therapeutics. Emphasis is placed on bioactive lipid metabolism and research that has been impacted by new technologies and their new potential to transform precision medicine. Provides a clear, up-to-date understanding of lipid signaling and metabolism and the impact of recent technologies critical to advancing new studies Empowers researchers to examine bioactive lipid signaling and metabolism, supporting translation to clinical care and precision medicine Discusses the role of lipid signaling and metabolism in obesity, diabetes, fatty liver disease, inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular disease and mood-related disorders, among others

Author : Paul G. Lankisch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642760976

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Pancreatic Enzymes in Health and Disease by Paul G. Lankisch Pdf

Dieses Buch pr{sentiert neueste Forschungsergebnisse zur Be- deutung von Pankreasenzymen f}r die normale Verdauung und untersucht die Notwendigkeit der Enzymsubstitution bei Un- terfunktion und Erkrankungen des Pankreas.