Low Intensity Breeding Of Native Forest Trees In Argentina

Author : Mario J. Pastorino,Paula Marchelli
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030564629

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Low Intensity Breeding of Native Forest Trees in Argentina by Mario J. Pastorino,Paula Marchelli Pdf

Global climate change requires the development of programs that consider the active restoration of degraded forests and the use of native trees in afforestation to preserve the natural environment. International commitments like the UN REDD program, the Montréal Process and the Convention on Biological Diversity call for the breeding of species rarely contemplated by large industrial companies. Low-intensity breeding is the most rational strategy for those species: simple but robust, and not dependent on continuously increasing funding, and therefore effective even with a relatively small budget. It commonly focuses on high genetic diversity rather than improving economic traits and adaptability rather than productivity. Controlled crosses with full pedigrees typical of high-intensity breeding are replaced by open pollination. This book presents state-of-the-art breeding strategies from the last two decades for several forest tree species of prime importance in the natural forests of Argentina. They are distributed in the three main forestry ecoregions of the country: the subtropical dry forest (Chaco), the subtropical rain forests (Yungas and Alto Paraná rainforests) and the temperate forests of Patagonia. The book also discusses the genetic patterns of the selected species defined using genetic markers together with the analysis of the variation in quantitative traits. Further, it examines the crucial features of their reproductive biology, such as the mating system and gene flow and describes the current breeding programs. Lastly, it presents the latest developments in genetic resources and their emerging applications, concluding with some reflections and perspectives related to the conditioning imposed by climate change.

Author : Paula Marchelli
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 515 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 3030564630

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Low Intensity Breeding of Native Forest Trees in Argentina by Paula Marchelli Pdf

Global climate change requires the development of programs that consider the active restoration of degraded forests and the use of native trees in afforestation to preserve the natural environment. International commitments like the UN REDD program, the Montréal Process and the Convention on Biological Diversity call for the breeding of species rarely contemplated by large industrial companies. Low-intensity breeding is the most rational strategy for those species: simple but robust, and not dependent on continuously increasing funding, and therefore effective even with a relatively small budget. It commonly focuses on high genetic diversity rather than improving economic traits and adaptability rather than productivity. Controlled crosses with full pedigrees typical of high-intensity breeding are replaced by open pollination. This book presents state-of-the-art breeding strategies from the last two decades for several forest tree species of prime importance in the natural forests of Argentina. They are distributed in the three main forestry ecoregions of the country: the subtropical dry forest (Chaco), the subtropical rain forests (Yungas and Alto Paraná rainforests) and the temperate forests of Patagonia. The book also discusses the genetic patterns of the selected species defined using genetic markers together with the analysis of the variation in quantitative traits. Further, it examines the crucial features of their reproductive biology, such as the mating system and gene flow and describes the current breeding programs. Lastly, it presents the latest developments in genetic resources and their emerging applications, concluding with some reflections and perspectives related to the conditioning imposed by climate change.

Author : Mónica A. Lugo,Marcela C. Pagano
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2022-10-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031129940

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Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America by Mónica A. Lugo,Marcela C. Pagano Pdf

In order to feed the world, global agriculture will have to double food production by 2050. As a result, the use of soils with fertilizers and pesticides in agronomic ecosystems will increase, taking into account the sustainability of these systems and also the provision of food security. Thus, soil ecosystems, their health, and their quality are directly involved in sustainable agronomical practices, and it is important to recognize the important role of soil microbial communities such as mycorrhizal fungi, their biodiversity, interactions, and functioning. Soil ecosystems are under the threat of biodiversity loss due to an increase of cultivated areas and agronomic exploitation intensity. Also, changes in land use alter the structure and function of ecosystems where biodiversity is vital in the ecosystem. Soils are a major aid in food production in all terrestrial ecosystems; however, this means they are also involved in gas emission and global warming. Thus, in agronomic ecosystems, several mitigation practices have been proposed to promote the increase of carbon soil stock, and the reduction of warming gas emission from soils. In South America, most of the rural population depends economically on agriculture and usually works in family units. New, organic, safe, and sustainable agro-forestry practices must be applied to support local communities and countries to achieve hunger eradication, rural poverty reduction, and sustainable development. This book compiles new information for mycorrhizal occurrence in natural and anthropic environments in South America. It includes new reports of mycorrhizal fungi diversity along different mycorrhizal types and their effect on plant communities, plant invasions, the use of mycorrhizal fungi for ecological and sustainable studies, management programs of natural and agroecosystems, and forestry and food-secure production. This book fills the gaps in biodiversity knowledge, management and safe food production of mycorrhizas. It should be a valuable help to researchers, professors and students, to aid in use of mycorrhizal fungi while also focusing on their biodiversity, sustainable safe food production, and conservation perspectives.

Author : Maria Cecilia Puppo,Peter Felker
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128236321

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Prosopis as a Heat Tolerant Nitrogen Fixing Desert Food Legume by Maria Cecilia Puppo,Peter Felker Pdf

Prosopis describes the enormous historical importance of these trees as a human food source and reviews the contemporary food science of the fruit derived from these trees. As well, this treatise reviews the native genetic resources of this genus on 4 continents and classical genetic and horticultural techniques that could help stabilize the environment and alleviate human suffering on some of the world’s most destitute agro-ecosystems. This book is an essential read for researchers interested in forestry and plant science, environmental science, and functional foods. The legume family (Fabaceae) contains many genera and species that through their nitrogen fixing process provide high protein food and feed for humans and animals. As evidenced by its presence in Death Valley, California, which holds the record for the highest temperatures in the world, these types of plants can thrive in extreme environments. Edited by the world’s leading experts on Prospis species with globally recognized contributors Covers the different perspectives surrounding the advantages and disadvantages of planting different Prosopis species Discusses the applications of Prosopis species, including how the fruits of this tree can be used as a raw food material

Author : Ruane, J.,Mba, C.,Boettcher, P.,Koskela, J.,Mair, G.,Ramasamy, S.
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 188 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2023-12-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789251384244

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Case studies of the use of agricultural biotechnologies to meet the needs of smallholders in developing countries by Ruane, J.,Mba, C.,Boettcher, P.,Koskela, J.,Mair, G.,Ramasamy, S. Pdf

There are a wide range of biotechnologies available and many of them have been, and are currently being, used in many situations and sectors worldwide to solve the myriad problems that farmers are facing. Documentation of the application of agricultural biotechnologies for smallholders is an important part of FAO’s role in facilitating knowledge sharing regarding agricultural biotechnologies. This document synthesizes a unique series of 15 case studies where agricultural biotechnologies were used to serve the needs of smallholders in developing countries. The introduction chapter provides an overall background and objectives of the compilation of case studies. The case studies cover different regions, production systems, species and underlying socioeconomic conditions in the crop, livestock and aquaculture/fisheries sectors. The biotechnologies covered include some that are considered quite traditional, such as artificial insemination, as well as other more modern ones, such as the use of DNA-based diagnostics. The case studies were prepared by scientists and researchers who were directly involved in the initiatives, and the authors aimed to provide the background, achievements, obstacles, challenges and lessons learned from each case study. The final chapter of the document provides a summary overview of the challenges, results and lessons learned from the 15 case studies.

Author : Barbara Vinceti
Publisher : Bioversity International
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Forest germplasm resources conservation
ISBN : 9789290436676

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Challenges in Managing Forest Genetic Resources for Livelihoods by Barbara Vinceti Pdf

Issues concerning forest genetic diversity; Cases studies from IPGRI's research project; Lessons learned and applicability of reserch outcomes.

Author : Norman Arlott,Ber van Perlo
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 656 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2021-09-07
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780691193922

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The Complete Birds of the World by Norman Arlott,Ber van Perlo Pdf

"This is a book like no other--the only truly comprehensive, one-volume illustrated guide to all of the world's birds, covering the complete International Ornithological Congress World Bird List. Featuring more than 300 stunning large-format, full-color plates, this accessible and authoritative encyclopedic reference presents incredibly detailed, accurate, and beautiful paintings of more than 10,700 species by some of the world's best bird artists, led by the legendary Norman Arlott and Ber van Perlo. In addition, The Complete Birds of the World provides detailed but concise identification information about each species on facing pages--including facts about voice, habitat, and geographic distribution. The result is a visual and verbal feast that captures the astonishing variety of bird life around the planet--and that will be cherished by any birder." -- Amazon.

Author : F. R. Wylie,M.R. Speight
Publisher : CABI
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Forest insects
ISBN : 184593637X

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Insect Pests in Tropical Forestry by F. R. Wylie,M.R. Speight Pdf

Insects are major pests of both natural and plantation forests in the tropics. This book is the first to provide a broad-based, international review of this subject at a level suitable for advanced students and practitioners. It describes the ecology and biology of the insects with special reference to the economic damage they cause to trees. All relevant control strategies are addressed. It is suitable for students, researchers and practitioners of forestry, ecology, pest management and entomology in tropical and subtropical countries.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 506 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Genetics
ISBN : UOM:39015038943281

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Genetics Abstracts by Anonim Pdf

Author : Sharon Chester
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2010-04-19
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781400831500

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A Wildlife Guide to Chile by Sharon Chester Pdf

This is the first comprehensive English-language field guide to the wildlife of Chile and its territories--Chilean Antarctica, Easter Island, Juan Fernández, and San Félix y San Ambrosio. From bats to butterflies, lizards to llamas, and ferns to flamingos, A Wildlife Guide to Chile covers the country's common plants and animals. The color plates depict species in their natural environments with unmatched vividness and realism. The combination of detailed illustrations and engaging, succinct, and authoritative text make field identification quick, easy, and accurate. Maps, charts, and diagrams provide information about landforms, submarine topography, marine environment, climate, vegetation zones, and the best places to view wildlife. This is an essential guide to Chile's remarkable biodiversity. The only comprehensive English-language guide to Chile's common flora and fauna The first guide to cover Chile and its territories--Chilean Antarctica, Easter Island, Juan Fernández, and San Félix y San Ambrosio 120 full-color plates allow quick identification of more than 800 species Accompanying text describes species size, shape, color, habitat, and range Descriptions list size, distribution, and English, Spanish, and scientific names Information on the best spots to view wildlife, including major national parks Compact and lightweight--a perfect field guide

Author : Pablo Luis Peri,Francis Dube,Alexandre Varella
Publisher : Springer
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2016-03-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319241098

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Silvopastoral Systems in Southern South America by Pablo Luis Peri,Francis Dube,Alexandre Varella Pdf

This multi-authored volume contains peer-reviewed chapters from leading researchers and professionals in silvopastoral systems topic in Southern South America (Argentina, Chile and South Brazil). It is a compendium of original research articles, case studies, and regional overviews and summarizes the current state of knowledge on different components and aspects (pasture production, animal production, trees production, carbon sequestration, conservation) of silvopatoral systems in native forests and tree plantations. The main hypothesis of the book is that farmers have integrated tree and pasture/grassland species in their land use systems to reach higher production per unit of land area, risk avoidance, product diversification, and sustainability. These production systems also impact positively in main ecosystem processes. Management of these productive systems, Policy and Socioeconomic Aspects provide great opportunities and challenges for farmers and policy makers in our region. The book is unique on this subject in Southern South America and constitutes a valuable reference material for graduate students, professors, scientists and extensionists who work with silvopastoral systems.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1010 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : UOM:39015055285202

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Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1210 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : UFL:31262082085308

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Bibliography of Agriculture by Anonim Pdf

Author : Fred O Asiegbu,Andriy Kovalchuk
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2022-07-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323984485

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Forest Microbiology by Fred O Asiegbu,Andriy Kovalchuk Pdf

Forest Microbiology, Volume Two: Forest Tree Health highlights a range of emerging microbial phytopathogens of forest trees, along with novel approaches for managing tree pests and diseases in a changing climate. The book provides an overview of selected microbial pathogens of forest trees, with an emphasis on their biology, lifecycle, spreading mechanisms, impact on affected tree species and current and prospective control strategies. At the same time, the impact of tree microbiomes on host fitness is discussed. Beneficial components of tree microbiota are presented, along with their functional role in tree nutrition, immunity and disease resistance. In addition, this volume addresses the many functions of microbial disease agents of trees including fungi, bacteria, viruses and phytoplasma. Strong emphasis is placed on the genetics, biochemistry, physiology, evolutionary biology and population dynamics of the microorganisms involved. This title is a key resource for foresters and forest pathology practitioners, as well as plant biologists. Provides an overview of selected microbial pathogens of forest trees, with an emphasis on their biology, lifecycle, spreading mechanisms, impact on affected tree species and current and prospective control strategies Highlights novel approaches to managing tree pests and diseases in a changing climate Addresses the many functions of microbial disease agents of trees, including fungi, fungi, bacteria, viruses and phytoplasma

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on the Potential for Biotechnology to Address Forest Health
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309482882

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Forest Health and Biotechnology by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on the Potential for Biotechnology to Address Forest Health Pdf

The American chestnut, whitebark pine, and several species of ash in the eastern United States are just a few of the North American tree species that have been functionally lost or are in jeopardy of being lost due to outbreaks of pathogens and insect pests. New pressures in this century are putting even more trees at risk. Expanded human mobility and global trade are providing pathways for the introduction of nonnative pests for which native tree species may lack resistance. At the same time, climate change is extending the geographic range of both native and nonnative pest species. Biotechnology has the potential to help mitigate threats to North American forests from insects and pathogens through the introduction of pest-resistant traits to forest trees. However, challenges remain: the genetic mechanisms that underlie trees' resistance to pests are poorly understood; the complexity of tree genomes makes incorporating genetic changes a slow and difficult task; and there is a lack of information on the effects of releasing new genotypes into the environment. Forest Health and Biotechnology examines the potential use of biotechnology for mitigating threats to forest tree health and identifies the ecological, economic, and social implications of deploying biotechnology in forests. This report also develops a research agenda to address knowledge gaps about the application of the technology.