Magnetic Helicity Spheromaks Solar Corona Loops And Astrophysical Jets

Author : Bellan Paul M
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2018-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781786345165

Get Book

Magnetic Helicity, Spheromaks, Solar Corona Loops, And Astrophysical Jets by Bellan Paul M Pdf

Pedagogical in style, this book provides insights into plasma behavior valid over twenty orders of magnitude in both time and space. The book assumes that the reader has a basic knowledge of magnetohydrodynamics and explains topics using detailed theoretical analysis supported by discussion of relevant experiments. This comprehensive approach gives the reader an understanding of the essential theoretical ideas and their application to real situations. The book starts by explaining the topological concept of magnetic helicity and then develops a helicity-based model that predicts the ultimate state towards which magnetically-dominated plasmas evolve. The model predicts that no matter how messy or complicated the dynamics, a great range of plasma configurations always self-organize to a unique, simple final state. This self-organization, called relaxation, is a fundamental concept that unifies understanding of spheromaks, solar corona loops, interplanetary magnetic clouds, and astrophysical jets. After establishing why relaxation occurs, the book then examines how relaxation occurs. It shows that relaxation involves a sequence of complex non-equilibrium dynamics including fast self-collimated plasma jets, kink instabilities, magnetic reconnection, and phenomena outside the realm of magnetohydrodynamics. Contents: IntroductionBasic ConceptsMagnetic HelicityRelaxation of an Isolated Configuration to the Taylor StateRelaxation in Driven ConfigurationsThe MHD Energy Principle, Helicity, and Taylor StatesSurvey of Spheromak Formation SchemesClassification of Regimes: An Imperfect Analogy to ThermodynamicsAnalysis of Isolated Cylindrical SpheromaksThe Role of the WallAnalysis of Driven Spheromaks: Strong CouplingHelicity Flow and DynamosConfinement and Transport in SpheromaksSome Important Practical IssuesBasic Diagnostics for SpheromaksApplications of SpheromaksInitial Dynamics Leading to Relaxation: MHD JetsDynamics Associated with Relaxation: Kinks, Rayleigh-Taylor, Hard X-RaysBeyond MHD: Whistler Waves and Fast Magnetic ReconnectionZero-β Models for Solar and Space Phenomena: Helicity, Force-Free EquilibriaFinite-β Models and Experiments for Solar Phenomena: Collimation, Flows, ExpansionBeyond MHD: Extreme Particle Orbits in Helical Magnetic FieldsFinite-β Toroidal Magnetic Cloud ModelAstrophysical Jets, Accretion, Angular Momentum Removal, and Space DynamosAppendices: Vector Identities and OperatorsBessel Orthogonality RelationsCapacitor BanksTransmission Lines, Pulse Forming Networks, and TransformersSelected Formulae Readership: Researchers, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates in plasma physics, solar physics, and astrophysics; mathematicians interested in helicity, topology, and self-organization. Keywords: Magnetohydrodynamics;Magnetic Helicity;Spheromaks;MHD;MHD Jets;Kink;Rayleigh Taylor;Accretion Disk;Astrophysical Jet;Solar Prominence;Solar Corona;Solar Corona Loop;CME;Relative Helicity;Taylor Relaxation;Magnetic Reconnection;Whistler Waves;Hall MHD;Electron MHD;Alfven Waves;Magnetic Clouds;Canonical Angular Momentum;Magnetic BrakingReview: Key Features: Unique, no completing titlesThis new revision contains discussion of dynamics underlying self-organization (Taylor relaxation)This new revision contains updates on spheromak research since 2000

Author : Paul Murray Bellan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : SCIENCE
ISBN : 1786345153

Get Book

Magnetic Helicity, Spheromaks, Solar Corona Loops, and Astrophysical Jets by Paul Murray Bellan Pdf

Author : Claudia Riccardi,H Eduardo Roman
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2023-09-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811275944

Get Book

Plasma Applications In Gases, Liquids And Solids: Technology And Methods by Claudia Riccardi,H Eduardo Roman Pdf

This book explores the exciting and evolving world of plasma physics in materials manufacturing and processing. From ionized discharges to non-thermal equilibrium plasmas, new phenomena in physics are constantly emerging. Written, organized, and edited by internationally recognized experts, the various chapters delve into diverse issues in plasma science, including new applications at the nanoscale to the development of diagnostic tools and simulations. The interactions between the plasma state and matter, both surface and bulk, as well as gases and liquids, are explored. As electric discharges in plasmas continue to expand towards new horizons, anyone interested in this fascinating field would benefit from this book as an up-to-date and essential resource.

Author : Kirill Kuzanyan,Nobumitsu Yokoi,Manolis K. Georgoulis,Rodion Stepanov
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 275 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2023-12-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119841708

Get Book

Helicities in Geophysics, Astrophysics, and Beyond by Kirill Kuzanyan,Nobumitsu Yokoi,Manolis K. Georgoulis,Rodion Stepanov Pdf

Helicities in Geophysics, Astrophysics, and Beyond Helicities play essential roles in numerous geophysical, astrophysical, and magnetohydrodynamic phenomena, thus are studied from various disciplinary viewpoints. Helicities in Geophysics, Astrophysics, and Beyond draws together experts from different research fields to present an interdisciplinary and integrated approach to helicity studies. This synthesis advances understanding of the fundamental physical processes underlying various helicity-related phenomena. Volume highlights include: Concise introduction to fundamental properties of helicities Recent developments and achievements in helicity studies Perspectives from different fields including geophysics, space physics, solar physics, plasma physics, atmospheric and nonlinear sciences A cohesive mathematical, physical, observational, experimental, and numerical strategy for helicity studies A synthesized framework for the application of helicity to real-world problems The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Author : Paul M Bellan
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2000-01-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781783262199

Get Book

Spheromaks: A Practical Application Of Magnetohydrodynamic Dynamos And Plasma Self-organization by Paul M Bellan Pdf

Spheromaks are easily formed, self-organized magnetized plasma configurations that have intrigued plasma physicists for over two decades. Sometimes called magnetic vortices, magnetic smoke rings, or plasmoids, spheromaks first attracted attention as a possible controlled thermonuclear plasma confinement scheme, but are now known to have many other applications.This book begins with a review of the basic concepts of magnetohydrodynamics and toroidal magnetic configurations, then provides a detailed exposition of the 3D topological concepts underlying spheromak physics, namely magnetic helicity, Taylor relaxation, force-free equilibria, and tilt stability. It then examines spheromak formation techniques, driven and isolated configurations, dynamo concepts, practical experimental issues, diagnostics, and a number of applications. The book concludes by showing how spheromak ideas are closely related to the physics of solar prominences and interplanetary magnetic clouds./a

Author : Tom G. Mackay,Akhlesh Lakhtakia
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814289610

Get Book

Electromagnetic Anisotropy and Bianisotropy by Tom G. Mackay,Akhlesh Lakhtakia Pdf

The topics of anisotropy and bianisotropy are fundamental to electromagnetics from both theoretical and experimental perspectives. These properties underpin a host of complex and exotic electromagnetic phenomenons in naturally occurring materials and in relativistic scenarios, as well as in artificially produced metamaterials. As a unique guide to this rapidly developing field, the book provides a unified presentation of key classic and recent results on the studies of constitutive relations, spacetime symmetries, planewave propagation, dyadic Green functions, and homogenization of composite materials. This book also offers an up-to-date extension to standard treatments of crystal optics with coverage on both linear and weakly nonlinear regimes.

Author : S. Ortolani,Dalton D. Schnack
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Science
ISBN : 981020860X

Get Book

Magnetohydrodynamics of Plasma Relaxation by S. Ortolani,Dalton D. Schnack Pdf

This book gives a concise description of the phenomenon of plasma relaxation from the point of view of resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory. Magnetized plasmas relax when they seek their natural state of lowest energy subject to certain topological constraints imposed by the magnetic field. Relaxation may be fast and dynamic or slow and gradual depending on the external environment in which the magnetoplasma system evolves. Relaxation occurs throughout the universe and may describe such diverse phenomena as dynamos, solar flares, and the operation of magnetic fusion energy experiments. This book concentrates on the dynamic, rather than variational aspects of relaxation. While the processes described are general, the book focuses on the reversed-field pinch experiment as a paradigm for plasma relaxation and dynamo action. Examples from other branches of plasma physics are also discussed. The authors draw upon their extensive experience in numerical and experimental studies of relaxation.

Author : Patrick H. Diamond,Xavier Garbet,Philippe Ghendrih
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814291545

Get Book

Relaxation Dynamics in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas by Patrick H. Diamond,Xavier Garbet,Philippe Ghendrih Pdf

This invaluable book provides a unique opportunity to embrace the complex and fascinating theory of relaxation processes in magnetized plasmas, both in astrophysics and in controlled fusion plasmas. The subjects range from dynamo and reconnection processes in magneto-hydrodynamics and electromagnetic turbulence to fast transport events in self-organized turbulence. Such phenomena, recognized as key bolts in our present understanding, turn out to be extremely challenging for theoretical models. This book efficiently helps to bridge our understanding and description of such processes, analogously observed in laboratory and astrophysical plasmas.

Author : Wolfgang Baumjohann,Rudolf A Treumann
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811254079

Get Book

Basic Space Plasma Physics (Third Edition) by Wolfgang Baumjohann,Rudolf A Treumann Pdf

This textbook describes Earth's plasma environment from single particle motion in electromagnetic fields, with applications to Earth's magnetosphere, up to plasma wave generation and wave-particle interaction. The origin and effects of collisions and conductivities are discussed in detail, as is the formation of the ionosphere, the origin of magnetospheric convection and magnetospheric dynamics in solar wind-magnetosphere coupling, the evolution of magnetospheric storms, auroral substorms, and auroral phenomena of various kinds.The second half of the book presents the theoretical foundation of space plasma physics, from kinetic theory of plasma through the formation of moment equations and derivation of magnetohydrodynamic theory of plasmas. The validity of this theory is elucidated, and two-fluid theory is presented in more detail. This is followed by a brief analysis of fluid boundaries, with Earth's magnetopause and bow shock as examples. The main emphasis is on the presentation of fluid and kinetic wave theory, deriving the relevant wave modes in a high temperature space plasma. Plasma instability is the most important topic in all applications and is discussed separately, including a section on thermal fluctuations. These theories are applied to the most interesting problems in space plasma physics, collisionless reconnection and collisionless shock waves with references provided. The Appendix includes the most recent developments in the theory of statistical particle distributions in space plasma, the Kappa distribution, etc, also including a section on space plasma turbulence and emphasizing on new observational developments with a dimensional derivation of the Kolmogorov spectrum, which might be instructive for the student who may worry about its origin.The book ends with a section on space climatology, space meteorology and space weather, a new application field in space plasma physics that is of vital interest when considering the possible hazards to civilization from space.

Author : Horton, Jr C Wendell
Publisher : #N/A
Page : 524 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2017-07-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789813225909

Get Book

Turbulent Transport In Magnetized Plasmas (Second Edition) by Horton, Jr C Wendell Pdf

For a few seconds with large machines, scientists and engineers have now created the fusion power of the stars in the laboratory and at the same time find the rich range of complex turbulent electromagnetic waves that transport the plasma confinement systems. The turbulent transport mechanisms created in the laboratory are explained in detail in the second edition of "Turbulent Transport in Magnetized Plasmas" by Professor Horton. The principles and properties of the major plasma confinement machines are explored with basic physics to the extent currently understood. For the observational laws that are not understood — the empirical confinement laws — offering challenges to the next generation of plasma students and researchers — are explained in detail. An example, is the confinement regime — called the "I–mode" — currently a hot topic — is explored. Numerous important problems and puzzles for the next generation of plasma scientists are explained. There is growing demand for new simulation codes utilizing the massively parallel computers with MPI and GPU methods. When the 20 billion dollar ITER machine is tested in the 2020ies, new theories and faster/smarter computer simulations running in near real-time control systems will be used to control the burning hydrogen plasmas.

Author : Patrick Cornille
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 794 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789812383679

Get Book

Advanced Electromagnetism and Vacuum Physics by Patrick Cornille Pdf

This book is aimed at a large audience: scientists, engineers, professors and students wise enough to keep a critical stance whenever confronted with the chilling dogmas of contemporary physics. Readers will find a tantalizing amount of material calculated to nurture their thoughts and arouse their suspicion, to some degree at least, on the so-called validity of today's most celebrated physical theories.

Author : Dieter Biskamp
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2003-07-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139441674

Get Book

Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence by Dieter Biskamp Pdf

This book presents an introduction to, and modern account of, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, an active field both in general turbulence theory and in various areas of astrophysics. The book starts by introducing the MHD equations, certain useful approximations and the transition to turbulence. The second part of the book covers incompressible MHD turbulence, the macroscopic aspects connected with the different self-organization processes, the phenomenology of the turbulence spectra, two-point closure theory, and intermittency. The third considers two-dimensional turbulence and compressible (in particular, supersonic) turbulence. Because of the similarities in the theoretical approach, these chapters start with a brief account of the corresponding methods developed in hydrodynamic turbulence. The final part of the book is devoted to astrophysical applications: turbulence in the solar wind, in accretion disks, and in the interstellar medium. This book is suitable for graduate students and researchers working in turbulence theory, plasma physics and astrophysics.

Author : Dale Mills Grimes,Craig A. Grimes
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814383363

Get Book

Photon Creation - Annihilation by Dale Mills Grimes,Craig A. Grimes Pdf

This book provides a classical physics-based explanation of quantum physics, including a full description of photon creation and annihilation, and successful working models of both photons and electrons. Classical field theory, known to fully describe macroscopic scale events, is shown to fully describe atomic scale events, including photon emission and annihilation. As such the book provides a ‘top-down’ unification of electromagnetic and quantum theories.

Author : Roscoe B White
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781783263653

Get Book

The Theory of Toroidally Confined Plasmas by Roscoe B White Pdf

This graduate level textbook develops the theory of magnetically confined plasma, with the aim of bringing the reader to the level of current research in the field of thermonuclear fusion. It begins with the basic concepts of magnetic field description, plasma equilibria and stability, and goes on to derive the equations for guiding center particle motion in an equilibrium field. Topics include linear and nonlinear ideal and resistive modes and particle transport. It is of use to workers in the field of fusion both for its wide-ranging account of tokamak physics and as a kind of handbook or formulary. This edition has been extended in a number of ways. The material on mode-particle interactions has been reformulated and much new information added, including methodology for Monte Carlo implementation of mode destabilization. These results give explicit means of carrying out mode destabilization analysis, in particular for the dangerous fishbone mode. A new chapter on cyclotron motion in toroidal geometry has been added, with comparisons of the analysis of resonances using guiding center results. A new chapter on the use of lithium lined walls has been added, a promising means of lowering the complexity and cost of full scale fusion reactors. A section on nonlocal transport has been added, including an analysis of Levy flight simulations of ion transport in the reversed field pinch in Padova, RFX.

Author : John Dirk Walecka
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 9789813272071

Get Book

Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism by John Dirk Walecka Pdf