Magnetic Processes In Astrophysics

Author : Günther Rüdiger,Rainer Hollerbach,Leonid L. Kitchatinov
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527648948

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Magnetic Processes in Astrophysics by Günther Rüdiger,Rainer Hollerbach,Leonid L. Kitchatinov Pdf

In this work the authors draw upon their expertise in geophysical and astrophysical MHD to explore the motion of electrically conducting fluids, the so-called dynamo effect, and describe the similarities and differences between different magnetized objects. They also explain why magnetic fields are crucial to the formation of the stars, and discuss promising experiments currently being designed to investigate some of the relevant physics in the laboratory. This interdisciplinary approach will appeal to a wide audience in physics, astrophysics and geophysics. This second edition covers such additional topics as small-scale dynamos, while also presenting the latest results and experiments.

Author : George B. Rybicki,Alan P. Lightman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2008-09-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527618187

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Radiative Processes in Astrophysics by George B. Rybicki,Alan P. Lightman Pdf

Radiative Processes in Astrophysics: This clear, straightforward, and fundamental introduction is designed to present-from a physicist's point of view-radiation processes and their applications to astrophysical phenomena and space science. It covers such topics as radiative transfer theory, relativistic covariance and kinematics, bremsstrahlung radiation, synchrotron radiation, Compton scattering, some plasma effects, and radiative transitions in atoms. Discussion begins with first principles, physically motivating and deriving all results rather than merely presenting finished formulae. However, a reasonably good physics background (introductory quantum mechanics, intermediate electromagnetic theory, special relativity, and some statistical mechanics) is required. Much of this prerequisite material is provided by brief reviews, making the book a self-contained reference for workers in the field as well as the ideal text for senior or first-year graduate students of astronomy, astrophysics, and related physics courses. Radiative Processes in Astrophysics also contains about 75 problems, with solutions, illustrating applications of the material and methods for calculating results. This important and integral section emphasizes physical intuition by presenting important results that are used throughout the main text; it is here that most of the practical astrophysical applications become apparent.

Author : Alexander Lazarian,Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino,Claudio Melioli
Publisher : Springer
Page : 623 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2014-11-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662446256

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Magnetic Fields in Diffuse Media by Alexander Lazarian,Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino,Claudio Melioli Pdf

This volume presents the current knowledge of magnetic fields in diffuse astrophysical media. Starting with an overview of 21st century instrumentation to observe astrophysical magnetic fields, the chapters cover observational techniques, origin of magnetic fields, magnetic turbulence, basic processes in magnetized fluids, the role of magnetic fields for cosmic rays, in the interstellar medium and for star formation. Written by a group of leading experts the book represents an excellent overview of the field. Nonspecialists will find sufficient background to enter the field and be able to appreciate the state of the art.

Author : Jan Olof Stenflo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1994-03-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0792327934

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Solar Magnetic Fields by Jan Olof Stenflo Pdf

Magnetic fields are responsible for much of the variability and structuring in the universe, but only on the Sun can the basic magnetic field related processes be explored in detail. While several excellent textbooks have established a diagnostic foundation for exploring the physics of unmagnetized stellar atmospheres through spectral analysis, no corresponding treatise for magnetized stellar atmospheres has been available. The present monograph fills this gap. The theoretical foundation for the diagnostics of stellar magnetism is developed from first principles in a comprehensive way, both within the frameworks of classical physics and quantum field theory, together with a presentation of the various solar applications. This textbook can serve as an introduction to solar and stellar magnetism for astronomers and physicists at the graduate or advanced undergraduate level and will also become a resource book for more senior scientists with a general interest in cosmic magnetic fields.

Author : Margarita Ryutova
Publisher : Springer
Page : 747 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-11-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319963617

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Physics of Magnetic Flux Tubes by Margarita Ryutova Pdf

This book presents the physics of magnetic flux tubes, including their fundamental properties and collective phenomena in an ensemble of flux tubes. The physics of magnetic flux tubes is vital for understanding fundamental processes in the solar atmosphere that are shaped and governed by magnetic fields. The concept of magnetic flux tubes is also central to various magnetized media ranging from laboratory plasma and Earth's magnetosphere to planetary, stellar and galactic environments. The book covers both theory and observations. Theoretical models presented in analytical and phenomenological forms that are tailored to practical applications. These are welded together with empirical data extending from the early pioneering observations to the most recent state-of-the-art data. This new edition of the book is updated and contains a significant amount of new material throughout as well as four new chapters and 48 problems with solutions. Most problems make use of original papers containing fundamental results. This way, the original paper, often based on complex theory, turns into a convenient tool for practical use and quantitative analysis.

Author : Ignacio González Martínez-País,Tariq Shahbaz,Jorge Casares Velázquez
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2014-02-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107067639

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Accretion Processes in Astrophysics by Ignacio González Martínez-País,Tariq Shahbaz,Jorge Casares Velázquez Pdf

It has been more than fifty years since the first significant paper on accretion flows was written. In recent years, X-ray satellites capable of identifying accretion disks and radiation jets - indications that accretion has taken place - have significantly advanced our understanding of these phenomena. This volume presents a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the major theoretical and observational topics associated with accretion processes in astrophysics. Comprising lectures presented at the twenty-first Winter School of the Canary Islands Institute of Astrophysics, the text emphasises the physical aspects of accretion, investigating how radiation jets are produced, how accretion power is divided between jets and radiated energy, the geometry of accretion flow, and the accretion processes of active galactic nuclei. Written by an international team of experienced scientists, chapters offer young researchers key analytical tools for supporting and carrying out the next generation of front-line research.

Author : Walter Gonzalez,Eugene Parker
Publisher : Springer
Page : 542 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2016-02-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319264325

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Magnetic Reconnection by Walter Gonzalez,Eugene Parker Pdf

This book provides an overview of recent research highlights in the main areas of application of magnetic reconnection (MR), including planetary, solar and magnetospheric physics and astrophysics. It describes how research on magnetic reconnection, especially concerning the Earth's magnetosphere, has grown extensively due to dedicated observations from major satellite missions such as Cluster, Double Star and Themis. The accumulated observations from these missions are being supplemented by many theoretical and modelling efforts, for which large scale computer facilities are successfully being used, and the theoretical advances are also covered in detail. Opening with an introductory discussion of some fundamental issues related to magnetic reconnection, subsequent chapters address topics including collisionless magnetic reconnection, MHD structures in 3D reconnection, energy conversion processes, fast reconnection mediated by plasmoids, rapid reconnection and magnetic field topology. Further chapters consider specific areas of application such as magnetospheric dayside and tail reconnection, comparative reconnection in planetary systems and reconnection in astrophysical systems. The book offers insight into discussions about fundamental concepts and key aspects of MR, access to the full set of applications of MR as presently known in space physics and in astrophysics, and an introduction to a new related area of study dealing with the annihilation of quantum magnetic fluxes and its implications in the study on neutron star activity. The book is aimed primarily at students entering the field, but will also serve as a useful reference text for established scientists and senior researchers.

Author : Billy McCormac
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401028967

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Earth’s Magnetospheric Processes by Billy McCormac Pdf

This book contains the lectures presented at the Summer Advanced Institute and Ninth ESRO Summer School which was held in Cortina, Italy, during the period August 30 through September 10, 1971. One hundred seventy-nine persons from eight een different countries attended. The authors and the publisher have made a special effort for rapid publication of an up-to-date status of the particles, fields, and processes in the earth's magnetosphere, which is an ever changing area. Special thanks are due to the lecturers for their diligent preparation and excellent presentations. The individual lectures and the published papers were deliberately limited; the author's cooperation in conforming to these specifications is greatly appreciated. The contents of the book are organized by sub ject area rather than in the order in which papers were presented during the Institute/ School. Many thanks are due to Drs J. Ronald Burrows, James W. Dungey, Harry Elliot, Roger Gendrin, Edward W. Hones, Jr. , Reimar Liist, and J. Ortner who served as session chairmen during the Institute and contributed greatly to its success by skill fully directing the discussion period in a stimulating manner after each lecture. Many persons contributed to the success of the Institute/School. The co-chairman, Dr Reimar Liist, was most helpful during all phases of the preparation and planning. Drs J. Ronald Burrows, Harry Elliot, Carl-Gunne Fiilthammar, M. Giorgi, J. Ortner, J. R. U. Page, Alois Schardt, James A. Van Allen, and Martin Walt were especially helpful in preparing the technical program.

Author : Robert Joseph Gould
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Science
ISBN : 0691124442

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Electromagnetic Processes by Robert Joseph Gould Pdf

This book provides an understanding of the theoretical foundations for the calculation of electromagnetic processes. Photon production processes are particularly important in astrophysics, since almost all of our knowledge of distant astronomical objects comes from the detection of radiation from these sources. Further, the conditions therein are extremely varied and a wide variety of naturally occurring electromagnetic phenomena can be described by limiting forms of the basic theory. The first chapter reviews some basic principles that are the underpinnings for a general description of electromagnetic phenomena, such as special relativity and, especially, relativistic covariance. Classical and quantum electrodynamics (QED) are then formulated in the next two chapters, followed by applications to three basic processes (Coulomb scattering, Compton scattering, and bremsstrahlung). These processes are related to other phenomena, such as pair production, and the comparisons are discussed. A unique feature of the book is its thorough discussion of the nonrelativistic limit of QED, which is simpler than the relativistic theory in its formulation and applications. The methods of the relativistic theory are introduced and applied through the use of notions of covariance, to provide a shorter path to the more general theory. The book will be useful for graduate students working in astrophysics and in certain areas of particle physics.

Author : Peter Bodenheimer,Gregory P. Laughlin,Michal Rozyczka,Tomasz Plewa,Harold. W Yorke,Harold W. Yorke
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2006-12-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 0750308834

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Numerical Methods in Astrophysics by Peter Bodenheimer,Gregory P. Laughlin,Michal Rozyczka,Tomasz Plewa,Harold. W Yorke,Harold W. Yorke Pdf

Numerical Methods in Astrophysics: An Introduction outlines various fundamental numerical methods that can solve gravitational dynamics, hydrodynamics, and radiation transport equations. This resource indicates which methods are most suitable for particular problems, demonstrates what the accuracy requirements are in numerical simulations, and suggests ways to test for and reduce the inevitable negative effects. After an introduction to the basic equations and derivations, the book focuses on practical applications of the numerical methods. It explores hydrodynamic problems in one dimension, N-body particle dynamics, smoothed particle hydrodynamics, and stellar structure and evolution. The authors also examine advanced techniques in grid-based hydrodynamics, evaluate the methods for calculating the gravitational forces in an astrophysical system, and discuss specific problems in grid-based methods for radiation transfer. The book incorporates brief user instructions and a CD-ROM of the numerical codes, allowing readers to experiment with the codes to suit their own needs. With numerous examples and sample problems that cover a wide range of current research topics, this highly practical guide illustrates how to solve key astrophysics problems, providing a clear introduction for graduate and undergraduate students as well as researchers and professionals.

Author : E.R. Priest
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400954823

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Solar System Magnetic Fields by E.R. Priest Pdf

In September 1984 a Summer School on Solar System Plasmas was held at Imperial College with the support of the Science and Engineering Research Council. An excellent group of lecturers was assembled to give a series of basic talks on the various aspects of the subject, aimed at Ph. D. students or researchers from related areas wanting to learn about the plasma physics of the solar system. The students were so appreciative of the lectures that it was decided to write them up as the present book. Traditionally, different areas of solar system science, such as solar and magnetospheric physics, have been studied by separate communities with little contact. However, it has become clear that many common themes cut right across these distinct topics, such as magnetohydrodynamic instabilities and waves, magnetic reconnect ion , convection, dynamo activity and particle acceleration. The plasma parameters may well be quite different in the Sun's atmosphere, a cometary tailor Jupiter's magnetosphere, but many of the basic processes are similar and it is by studying them in different environments that we come to understand them more deeply. Furthermore, direct in situ measurements of plasma properties at one point in the solar wind or the magnetosphere complement the more global view by remote sensing of a similar phenomenon at the Sun.

Author : Hermann Lühr,Johannes Wicht,Stuart A. Gilder,Matthias Holschneider
Publisher : Springer
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2018-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319642925

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Magnetic Fields in the Solar System by Hermann Lühr,Johannes Wicht,Stuart A. Gilder,Matthias Holschneider Pdf

This book addresses and reviews many of the still little understood questions related to the processes underlying planetary magnetic fields and their interaction with the solar wind. With focus on research carried out within the German Priority Program ”PlanetMag”, it also provides an overview of the most recent research in the field. Magnetic fields play an important role in making a planet habitable by protecting the environment from the solar wind. Without the geomagnetic field, for example, life on Earth as we know it would not be possible. And results from recent space missions to Mars and Venus strongly indicate that planetary magnetic fields play a vital role in preventing atmospheric erosion by the solar wind. However, very little is known about the underlying interaction between the solar wind and a planet’s magnetic field. The book takes a synergistic interdisciplinary approach that combines newly developed tools for data acquisition and analysis, computer simulations of planetary interiors and dynamos, models of solar wind interaction, measurement of ancient terrestrial rocks and meteorites, and laboratory investigations.

Author : William Lewis
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2012-03-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 1461430461

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Magnetic Reconnection by William Lewis Pdf

This volume covers different aspects of recent theoretical and observational work on magnetic reconnection, a fundamental plasma-physical process by which energy stored in magnetic field is converted, often explosively, into heat and kinetic energy. This collection of papers from the fields of solar and space physics, astrophysics, and laboratory plasma physics is especially timely in view of NASA's upcoming Magnetospheric Multiscale mission, which will use Earth's magetosphere as a laboratory to test, through in-situ measurement of the plasma, energetic particles, and electric and magnetic fields, the various and sometimes competing models and theories of magnetic reconnection. This volume is aimed at researchers in solar physics, magnetospheric physics and plasma physics. Previously published in Space Science Reviews journal, Vol. 160/1-4, 2011.

Author : Larry R. Lyons,D.J. Williams
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401728195

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Quantitative Aspects of Magnetospheric Physics by Larry R. Lyons,D.J. Williams Pdf

The discovery of the earth's radiation belts in 1957 marked the beginning of what is now known as magnetospheric physics. The field has evolved normally from an early discovery phase through a period of exploration and into an era of quantitative studies of the dynamics of magnetized plasmas as they occur in nature. Such environments are common throughout the universe and have been studied in varying detail at the sun, the planets, pulsars, and certain radio galaxies. The purpose of this book is to describe basic quantitative aspects of magnetospheric physics. We use selected examples from the earth's magnetosphere to show how theory and data together form a quantitative framework for magnetospheric research. We have tried to organize the material along the philosophy of starting simply and adding com plexity only as necessary. We have avoided controversial and relatively new research topics and have tried to use as examples physical processes generally accepted as important within the earth's magnetospheric system. However, even in some of our examples, the question of whether the physical process applied to a particular problem is the dominant process, has yet to be answered.

Author : D. B. Melrose
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Science
ISBN : 0677023405

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Plasma Astrophysics by D. B. Melrose Pdf