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Making Evidence Matter in Canadian Health Policy by Noralou Roos,Kathleen O'Grady,Shannon Turczak,Camilla Tapp,Lindsay Jolivet Pdf
Making Evidence Matter in Canadian Health Policy is a compendium of Op-Eds published in the media in 2012-2013 by some of Canada’s leading experts in the field, offering a snapshot of the evidence on the issues of the day. It is the second in a series of eBooks produced by EvidenceNetwork.ca, the first being Canadian Health Policy in the News.. This second volume addresses a range of controversial topics, such as whether or not our health system is sustainable and how our health care dollars are spent. Other sections address pharmaceutical policy, private-for-profit delivery of care, social determinants of health, aging, mental health and obesity.
The Matter of Facts by Gareth Leng,Rhodri Ivor Leng Pdf
How biases, the desire for a good narrative, reliance on citation metrics, and other problems undermine confidence in modern science. Modern science is built on experimental evidence, yet scientists are often very selective in deciding what evidence to use and tend to disagree about how to interpret it. In The Matter of Facts, Gareth and Rhodri Leng explore how scientists produce and use evidence. They do so to contextualize an array of problems confronting modern science that have raised concerns about its reliability: the widespread use of inappropriate statistical tests, a shortage of replication studies, and a bias in both publishing and citing “positive” results. Before these problems can be addressed meaningfully, the authors argue, we must understand what makes science work and what leads it astray. The myth of science is that scientists constantly challenge their own thinking. But in reality, all scientists are in the business of persuading other scientists of the importance of their own ideas, and they do so by combining reason with rhetoric. Often, they look for evidence that will support their ideas, not for evidence that might contradict them; often, they present evidence in a way that makes it appear to be supportive; and often, they ignore inconvenient evidence. In a series of essays focusing on controversies, disputes, and discoveries, the authors vividly portray science as a human activity, driven by passion as well as by reason. By analyzing the fluidity of scientific concepts and the dynamic and unpredictable development of scientific fields, the authors paint a picture of modern science and the pressures it faces.
Canadian Health Policy in the News: Why Evidence Matters by Noralou Roos, Sharon Manson Singer, Kathleen O'Grady, Shannon Turczak, Camilla Tapp Pdf
Canadian Health Policy in the News is a compendium of the commentaries (or OpEds) published by Evidence Network in major newspapers across the country from April 2011 up to October 2012. It is a timely, balanced and non-partisan snapshot of what’s new and controversial concerning our healthcare system and related social programs that affect health and well-being in our country — with evidence at the forefront. This book is available free-of-charge so that you can share it widely, in your classrooms, amongst your friends and colleagues, on your websites and via social media. Canadian health policy will always be emerging and unfolding, responding to changing environmental and economic factors, new technologies, publicly held values and differing political landscapes. Canadian Health Policy in the News captures a moment in time and presents the issues that concern Canadians most, grounding our national discourse and debate on healthcare in the best evidence. With thanks to the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Manitoba Health Research Council whose funding supports EvidenceNetwork.ca.
Evidence Matters by Frederick F. Mosteller,Robert F. Boruch Pdf
Opinions about education programs and practices are offered frequently—by children, parents, teachers, and policymakers. Credible studies of the impact of programs on the performance of children are far less frequent. Researchers use a variety of tools to determine their impact and efficacy, including sample surveys, narrative studies, and exploratory research. However, randomized field trials, which are commonly used in other disciplines, are rarely employed to measure the impact of education practice. Evidence Matters explores the history and current status of research in education and encourages the more frequent use of such trials. Judith Gueron (Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation), discusses the challenges involved in randomized trials and offers practical advice drawn experience. Robert Boruch (Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania), Dorothy de Moya (Campbell Collaboration Secretariat), and Brooke Snyder (University of Pennsylvania) explore the use of randomized field trials in education and other fields. David Cohen, Stephen Raudenbush, and Deborah Loewenberg Ball (all from the University of Michigan) review the history of progress in education over the past forty years and urge increased research on coherent instruction regimes. Maris Vinovskis (University of Michigan) examines the history and role of the U.S. Department of Education in developing rigorous evaluation of federal programs, and suggests a new National Center for Evaluation and Development. Thomas Cook and Monique Renee Payne (both from Northwestern University) take on the claim that randomized field trials are inappropriate in the U.S. education system. Gary Burtless (Brookings Institution) explores the political and professional factors that influence randomized field trials in economic programs, examining possible explanations for their lack of frequent use in education. Carol Weiss (Harvard University) provides a brief history of community studies in the
Evidence Taken by the Interstate Commerce Commission in the Matter of Proposed Advances in Freight Rates by Carriers: Briefs of counsel by United States. Interstate Commerce Commission Pdf
Evidence Taken by the Interstate Commerce Commission in the Matter of Proposed Advances in Freight Rates by Carriers. August to December, 1910 by Anonim Pdf
Evidence-Based Policy Making in the Social Sciences by Stoker, Gerry,Evans, Mark Pdf
This book gathers an expert group of social scientists to showcase emerging forms of analysis and evaluation for public policy analysis. Each chapter highlights a different method or approach, putting it in context and highlighting its key features before illustrating its application and potential value to policy makers. Aimed at upper-level undergraduates in public policy and social work, it also has much to offer policy makers and practitioners themselves.
Making Evidence Matter in Canadian Health Policy by Kathleen O'Grady,Noralou Roos,Camilla Tapp,Shannon Turczak Pdf
Navigating the Evidence: Communicating Canadian Health Policy in the Media is a compilation of the EvidenceNetwork commentaries published in major newspapers in 2014, written by experts in the health policy field. These Op-Eds highlight the most recent evidence on a wide range of topics, including our aging population, healthcare sustainability, costs and spending, and the impact of the social determinants of health. It also contains essays addressing key concerns around mental health, obesity and pharmaceutical policy, among other topics. This is the third volume in the annual series of eBooks produced by EvidenceNetwork, the first being Canadian Health Policy in the News (2013), followed by Making Evidence Matter in Canadian Health Policy (2014). In this volume, please find our second compendium of Op-Eds (materials published from October 2012 to October 2013). Like our first eBook, this second volume is a snapshot of a year in the health policy debates of our country. We've not altered the materials to reflect changes that may have taken place since the commentaries were written, but left them as they were published, to represent accurately the time in which they were written. Most Op-Eds were originally published in English, with some translated into French, where we had resources. A few were originally published in French, with English translations. The book is organized into key themes that EvidenceNetwork experts have agreed to tackle --areas where we feel the evidence is not yet being fairly represented in media, policy and/or political circles, and where we feel we can make a contribution. Sustainability documents the challenges of affording the healthcare system Canadians want and need, and explores the way our health system gives us a competitive advantage internationally, and fleshes out optimized funding formulas that work for all regions of the country. Costs and Spending looks at remuneration systems and how they may differently incentivize those who work in the health domain in Canada, the relationship between health care dollars and healthcare quality, and how our health system contributes to a more equal society. This section highlights why healthcare costs so much and what parts of the system are eating up our healthcare dollars. Pharmaceutical Policy looks at patent processes and access to affordable, quality medications, at the over-prescription of certain medications, and the relationship of pharmaceutical firms to health research, education and marketing. This section highlights the research suggesting why a national pharmacare program makes sense, and the health cost of affordable pharmaceutical drugs, as well as the variations of drug programs across the country -- what's working and what's not. Private, For-Profit examines the evidence comparing private-for-profit delivery of healthcare with public delivery, and the problems which arise in those sectors that largely aren't covered by our public healthcare system, such as prescription glasses or dental care. Health is More than Healthcare details the important social determinants of health, such as the relationship between poverty and good health, home and food security, income distribution, chronic stress, discrimination in the health system and healthy parenting. Aging Population looks at the impact of our aging society on our health system, and does some myth busting on the so-called “aging tsunami,” as well examining the need for pension reform in Canada, and what path that might take. Mental Health, a new topic of focus for EvidenceNetwork this year, examines the relationship of chronic stress and health status. More will be done in this area by our experts in the coming months -- stay tuned to our website. Also new is the section on Obesity, which looks at why traditional methods for combating the obesity epidemic have failed, and what works for those trying to change their lifestyle to healthier habits. We examine possible policy levers to help tackle obesity and look at weight-based discrimination and what can be done about it. Finally, in our Appendix A and B, we provide more details about the EvidenceNetwork project for those who wish to know more about us in detail.
Every day we make decisions about our health - some big and some small. What we eat, how we live and even where we live can affect our health. But how can we be sure that the advice we are given about these important matters is right for us? This book will provide you with the right tools for assessing health advice.
Evaluating Evidence of Mechanisms in Medicine by Veli-Pekka Parkkinen,Christian Wallmann,Michael Wilde,Brendan Clarke,Phyllis Illari,Michael P Kelly,Charles Norell,Federica Russo,Beth Shaw,Jon Williamson Pdf
This book is open access under a CC BY license. This book is the first to develop explicit methods for evaluating evidence of mechanisms in the field of medicine. It explains why it can be important to make this evidence explicit, and describes how to take such evidence into account in the evidence appraisal process. In addition, it develops procedures for seeking evidence of mechanisms, for evaluating evidence of mechanisms, and for combining this evaluation with evidence of association in order to yield an overall assessment of effectiveness. Evidence-based medicine seeks to achieve improved health outcomes by making evidence explicit and by developing explicit methods for evaluating it. To date, evidence-based medicine has largely focused on evidence of association produced by clinical studies. As such, it has tended to overlook evidence of pathophysiological mechanisms and evidence of the mechanisms of action of interventions. The book offers a useful guide for all those whose work involves evaluating evidence in the health sciences, including those who need to determine the effectiveness of health interventions and those who need to ascertain the effects of environmental exposures.
Author : Laura A. Millar Publisher : American Library Association Page : 193 pages File Size : 40,7 Mb Release : 2021-03-04 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines ISBN : 9780838937570
The safeguarding of authentic facts is essential, especially in this disruptive Orwellian age, where digital technologies have opened the door to a post-truth world in which "alternative facts" can be so easily accepted as valid. And because facts matter, evidence matters. In this urgent manifesto, archives luminary Millar makes the case that authentic and accurate records, archives, data, and other sources of documentary proof are crucial in supporting and fostering a society that is respectful, democratic, and self-aware. An eye-opening treatise for the general public, an invaluable resource for archives students, and a provocative call-to-arms for information and records professionals, Millar's book explains the concept of evidence and discusses the ways in which records, archives, and data are not just useful tools for our daily existence but also essential sources of evidence both today and in the future; includes plentiful examples that illustrate the critical role evidence plays in upholding rights, enforcing responsibilities, tracing family or community stories, and capturing and sharing memories; and examines the impact of digital technologies on how records and information are created and used. With documentary examples ranging from Mesopotamian clay tablets to World War II photographs to today’s Twitter messages and Facebook posts, Millar’s stirring book will encourage readers to understand more fully the importance of their own records and archives, for themselves and for future generations.
