Making War Thinking History

Author : Jeffrey Record
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2014-02-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781612515816

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Making War, Thinking History by Jeffrey Record Pdf

In examining the influence of historical analogies on decisions to use--or not use--force, military strategist Jeffrey Record assesses every major application of U.S. force from the Korean War to the NATO war on Serbia. Specifically, he looks at the influence of two analogies: the democracies? appeasement of Hitler at Munich and America's defeat in the Vietnam War. His book judges the utility of these two analogies on presidential decision-making and finds considerable misuse of them in situations where force was optional. He points to the Johnson administration's application of the Munich analogy to the circumstances of Southeast Asia in 1965 as the most egregious example of their misuse, but also cites the faulty reasoning by historical analogy that prevailed among critics of Reagan's policy in Central America and in Clinton's use of force in Haiti and the former Yugoslavia. The author's findings show generational experience to be a key influence on presidential decision-making: Munich persuaded mid-twentieth-century presidents that force should be used early and decisively while Vietnam cautioned later presidents against using force at all. Both analogies were at work for the Gulf War, with Munich urging a decision for war and Vietnam warning against a graduated and highly restricted use of force. Record also reminds us of the times when presidents have used analogies to mobilize public support for action they have already decided to take. Addressing both the process of presidential decision-making and the wisdom of decisions made, this well-reasoned book offers timely lessons to a broad audience that includes political scientists, military historians, defense analysts, and policy makers, as well as those simply curious about history's influence.

Author : David Bruce MacDonald
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : History
ISBN : 0739125036

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Thinking History, Fighting Evil by David Bruce MacDonald Pdf

Peter Heegaard develops a convincing case for long-term investment in people'Aos lives through neighborhood organizations, government aid programs, early-childhood education funding, and other means available in the public, private, and non-profit sectors. It'Aos a hopeful message, and especially relevant in these times of expanding social expectations and dwindling government coffers.

Author : P. Beck
Publisher : Springer
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2006-07-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780230501287

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Using History, Making British Policy by P. Beck Pdf

The extent to which history has been used to inform policy remains a neglected topic. Focusing upon the 1957 Whitehall policy initiative, this book enhances our knowledge of post-1945 Britain, illuminates debates about the nature and the use of history in the contemporary world, most notably the relationship between history and policy.

Author : Joseph Bayeh
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2017-06-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781786732323

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A History of Stability and Change in Lebanon by Joseph Bayeh Pdf

Lebanon is a country whose domestic politics have, even more than others in the region, been at the mercy of changes on the international stage. Having been under Ottoman and French rule in the nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries, the post-World War II era has seen Lebanon subjected to Israeli, Syrian and American interventions which have all threatened the county s stability as a state. Joseph Bayeh argues that it is this international dimension which holds the key to an in-depth understanding of the country. In support of this argument, Bayeh examines Lebanese history from its early days under the Ottomans to the present day in order to show how international shifts and conflicts have had their impact on Lebanon. With changes such as the fall of the Ottoman empire, the rise of US power after World War II, the end of the Cold War and the new focus on the region in the aftermath of 9/11, Lebanon has at various junctures been bolstered or undermined. Bayeh tracks all of this, offering insights into the workings of Lebanon s domestic politics which will appeal to researchers of the international relations of the Middle East and Lebanon s political history."

Author : Douglas Carl Peifer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190268688

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Choosing War by Douglas Carl Peifer Pdf

"In Choosing War, Douglas Cark Peifer compares the ways in which different presidential administrations have responded when American lives were lost at sea"--Jacket.

Author : Colin Flint
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 479 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780195162097

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The Geography of War and Peace by Colin Flint Pdf

Our world of increasing and varied conflicts is confusing and threatening to citizens of all countries, as they try to understand its causes and consequences. This book takes advantage of a diversity of geographic perspectives as it analyzes the political processes of war and their spatial expression.

Author : Colin Flint Professor of Geography Pennsylvania State University
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2004-09-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0198036701

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The Geography of War and Peace : From Death Camps to Diplomats by Colin Flint Professor of Geography Pennsylvania State University Pdf

How and why war and peace occur cannot be understood without realizing that those who make war and peace must negotiate a complex world political map of sovereign spaces, borders, networks, and scales. This book takes advantage of a diversity of perspectives as it analyzes the political processes of war and their spatial expression. Topics include terrorism, nationalism, religion, drug wars, water conflicts, diplomacy, peace movements, and post-war reconstruction.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 634 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Aeronautics
ISBN : UGA:32108034104235

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Air Force Magazine by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 692 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Military art and science
ISBN : OSU:32435075671453

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Parameters by Anonim Pdf

Author : Larissa Forster
Publisher : Government Printing Office
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Intervention (International law)
ISBN : 1935352032

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Influence Without Boots on the Ground by Larissa Forster Pdf

Military intervention always has been and always will be an important part of foreign policy, a tool to further national interests and influence world events. Many scholars have tried to explain the intervention behavior of states in crises, conflicts, and wars. When and why do states intervene, and what are reasons for nonintervention? What conflicts and crises are more likely to call for intervention, and why? When is intervention successful? The explanations are manifold and include political, military, economic, social, environmental, domestic, and humanitarian factors. The theoretical literature covers a gamut of realist intentions, ranging from security, power, and national interests, as guides to state action; to emphasis on international trade and economics; and to domestic politics. Some argue for explanations based on idealistic aspirations, such as democracy and human rights. Many studies focus on a mix of different reasons. From this vast field, the author has selected international crises involving any form of U.S. activity in the years 1946-2006. Within these U.S. activities, the author distinguishes between crisis response with and without naval forces, as this study intends to advance the knowledge of the use of U.S. naval forces as a response to international crises and to contribute to a better understanding of when and how the U.S. Navy is deployed.

Author : Ben Buley
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2007-10-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134086412

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The New American Way of War by Ben Buley Pdf

This book explores the cultural history and future prospects of the so-callednew American way of war. In recent decades, American military culture has become increasingly dominated by a vision ofimmaculate destruction which reached its apogee with the fall of Baghdad in 2003. Operation Iraqi Freedom was hailed as the triumphant validati

Author : David Lowe,Tony Joel
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2014-01-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317912583

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Remembering the Cold War by David Lowe,Tony Joel Pdf

Remembering the Cold War examines how, more than two decades since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Cold War legacies continue to play crucial roles in defining national identities and shaping international relations around the globe. Given the Cold War’s blurred definition – it has neither a widely accepted commencement date nor unanimous conclusion - what is to be remembered? This book illustrates that there is, in fact, a huge body of ‘remembrance,’ and that it is more pertinent to ask: what should be included and what can be overlooked? Over five sections, this richly illustrated volume considers case studies of Cold War remembering from different parts of the world, and engages with growing theorisation in the field of memory studies, specifically in relation to war. David Lowe and Tony Joel afford careful consideration to agencies that identify with being ‘victims’ of the Cold War. In addition, the concept of arenas of articulation, which envelops the myriad spaces in which the remembering, commemorating, memorialising, and even revising of Cold War history takes place, is given prominence.

Author : Len Scott,R. Gerald Hughes,Martin Alexander
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317965510

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Intelligence and International Security by Len Scott,R. Gerald Hughes,Martin Alexander Pdf

The events of 9/11 and subsequent acts of jihadist terrorism, together with the failures of intelligence agencies over Iraq’s Weapons of Mass Destruction, have arguably heralded a new age of intelligence. For some this takes the form of a crisis of legitimacy. For others the threat of cataclysmic terrorism involving chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear attack gives added poignancy to the academic contention that intelligence failure is inevitable. Many of the challenges facing intelligence appear to be both new and deeply worrying. In response, intelligence has clearly taken on new forms and new agendas. How these various developments are viewed depends upon the historical, normative and political frameworks in which they are analysed. This book addresses fundamental questions arising in this new age. The central aim of the collection is to identify key issues and questions and subject them to interrogation from different methodological perspectives using internationally acclaimed experts in the field. A key focus in the collection is on British and North American perspectives. Recent trends and debates about the organisation and conduct of intelligence provide key themes for exploration. Underpinning several contributions is the recognition that intelligence faces a conflict of ideas as much as practices and threats. This book was published as a special issue of Intelligence and National Security.

Author : Lukas Milevski
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-06-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190876333

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The West's East by Lukas Milevski Pdf

In 2004 the Baltic states - Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania - finalized their return to the West by joining NATO and the EU after definitively throwing off their 'captive nations' status by regaining independence in 1991. This has not, however, halted resurgent Russian revanchism in the region; given Russia's aggressive actions starting in Ukraine in 2014, defense of the Baltic has gained a new urgency and prominence. In The West's East, Lukas Milevski places the Baltic states in strategic and historical perspective. Through these nations' experiences, he sheds light on how independent states have been able to persist, despite being surrounded by predatory great powers. The work offers a deep overview of the region's history, from the indigenous Baltic tribes which populated it to the post-Cold War era, followed by recent political analogies of West-Russia relations. Analyses of today's strategic balance in the region indicate the various actors' geopolitical outlooks, strategic cultures, military capabilities, and non-military security vulnerabilities. As Milevski argues, the NATO-Russia relationship will play the major role in any potential conflict in the Baltic, but neutrals Finland and Sweden must also be factored into the strategic analysis. Using the logic of strategy he anticipates potential military interaction in the region step by step-from deterrence, to Russia's choice of offensive strategy, to area denial and NATO's return and break into the Baltic theater, and finally war termination-to determine the answer to the ultimate question: how much defense for the Baltic is enough? The West's East gives both experts and policymakers alike the background and framework for thinking strategically about a region that has re-emerged as a significant geopolitical concern in the Putin-Trump era.

Author : Kenneth J. Hagan,Ian J. Bickerton
Publisher : Reaktion Books
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2007-04-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9781861895127

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Unintended Consequences by Kenneth J. Hagan,Ian J. Bickerton Pdf

“The United States does not do nation building,” claimed Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld three years ago. Yet what are we to make of the American military bases in Korea? Why do American warships patrol the Somali coastline? And perhaps most significantly, why are fourteen “enduring bases” being built in Iraq? In every major foreign war fought by United States in the last century, the repercussions of the American presence have been felt long after the last Marine has left. Kenneth J. Hagan and Ian J. Bickerton argue here that, despite adamant protests from the military and government alike, nation building and occupation are indeed hallmarks—and unintended consequences—of American warmaking. In this timely, groundbreaking study, the authors examine ten major wars fought by the United States, from the Revolutionary War to the ongoing Iraq War, and analyze the conflicts’ unintended consequences. These unexpected outcomes, Unintended Consequences persuasively demonstrates, stemmed from ill-informed decisions made at critical junctures and the surprisingly similar crises that emerged at the end of formal fighting. As a result, war did not end with treaties or withdrawn troops. Instead, time after time, the United States became inextricably involved in the issues of the defeated country, committing itself to the chaotic aftermath that often completely subverted the intended purposes of war. Stunningly, Unintended Consequences contends that the vast majority of wars launched by the United States were unnecessary, avoidable, and catastrophically unpredictable. In a stark challenge to accepted scholarship, the authors show that the wars’ unintended consequences far outweighed the initial calculated goals, and thus forced cataclysmic shifts in American domestic and foreign policy. A must-read for anyone concerned with the past, present, or future of American defense, Unintended Consequences offers a provocative perspective on the current predicament in Iraq and the conflicts sure to loom ahead of us.