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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9251040583
Author : Madramootoo
Publisher : Daya Books
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 8170354110
There are several concerns about the sustainability of irrigation and drainage projects, many of which are related to the quality and disposal of drainage water. Inadequate drainage and improper drainage water disposal have led to land degradation due to water logging and salinity. There have been instances where saline or high nutrient drainage water has damaged aquatic ecosystems. Drainage continues to be a vital and necessary component of agricultural production systems. In order to enhance the net benefits of drainage systems, more attention will need to be given to the water quality impacts of drainage water disposal. This document identifies potential problems and management options in the development, production, treatment and disposal of agricultural drainage water. Contents Chapter 1: Introduction by Chandra A Madramootoo; Need for artificial drainage, Agricultural, environmental and socio-economic benefits of drainage, Types of drainage systems, Surface drainage, Subsurface drainage, Secondary drainage treatments, Environmental impact assessment, Water quality issues, Drainage water management and disposal options, On-farm source control, Re-use of drainage water, Disposal and management of drainage water in closed basins, Water table management, Planning and designing drainage systems to protect and enhance water quality; Chapter 2: Drainage Water Quality by Dennis Westcot; Water quality charactersitics, Pesticides, Toxic trace elements, Nutrients, Sediment, Bacteria, Temperature, Salinity and major ions, Sulphurous compounds, Protection of beneficial uses, Domestic and drinking water, Industrial supply, Agricultural supply, Aquatic life, Recreation; Chapter 3: Water Table Management by Daniel Zimmer and Chandra A Madramootoo; General features, Water table control structures, Water quality benefits, Drainage hydrology and water quality, Nutrients, Pesticides, Operational aspects, Farm or catchment scale, Topography and soils, Monitoring requirements; Chapter 4: Drainage Water Re-Use; Re-use for crop irrigation by Michael C Shannon; Effects of salinity on crop growth and yield, Agricultural management practices, Managing cycling and blending strategies, Re-use for saline agriculture and forestry by Vashek Cervinka, Concept of agriculture-forestry systems and solar evaporators, System design and planning, Re-use in a natural wetland by Dick A Daniel, Re-use of surface drainage water, Re-use of subsurface drainage water; Chapter 5: Drainage Water Treatment by Lawrence Owns; Physical, chemical and biological treatment processes, Selection of treatment process, Methods of treatment, Physical/chemical treatment, Biological treatment, A treatment example, Treatment in constructed wetlands by Walter J Ochs, Flow-through wetland functions, Planning and design of flow through wetlands, Hydraulic and geohydraulic characteristics, Soils and geologic characteristics, Vegetative characteristics, Implementation, monitoring and management; Chapter 6: Drainage Water Disposal; Disposal to natural hydrological systems by William R Johnston, Land application and retirement by William R Johnston, Evaporation ponds by Kenneth K Tanji, Constructed evaporation ponds, Pond hydrology, Pond water chemistry and mineralogy, Pond biology and toxicity, Biological, chemical and physical treatment options, Deep will injection by Robert T Burns, Concept and technology, Environmental considerations, Geological considerations, Case study; Chapter 7: Health Issues Related to Drainage Water Management by Martin S Fritsch; The interactions between drainage, water management and health, Water related diseases and their vectors, Incidence of diseases - cases and mortality, Vector-borne diseases: transmission by insects, Water-based diseases: transmission by aquatic and semi-aquatic snails, Water-borne excreta related infections, Health risks and chemical pollution, Integrated control of transmission of vector-borne diseases, Components of integrated control approaches, Environmental management for vector control, Environmental management measures in drainage water management, Drainage water treatment, re-use and disposal, Environmental management measures applied to drainage structures, Development of control strategies; Chapter 8: Institutional Arrangements by Ashok Subramanian; Issues and problems, Objectives and interest groups, Need for regulation, conservation and communication, Role of public and private agencies and water users, Institutional mechanisms, Laws and regulations, Corporate organizations, Participatory planning, Incentives for water quality enhancement, Monitoring, Institutional capacity.
Author : Chandra A. Madramootoo
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:663595607
Author : Kenneth K. Tanji,Neeltje C. Kielen,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Social Science
ISBN : UFL:31262070764831
This publication contains guidelines to sustain irrigated agriculture and protect water resources from the negative impacts of agricultural drainage water disposal. Using case studies from Central Asia, Egypt, India, Pakistan and the US, this study highlights four broad groups of drainage water management options and provides information to enable assessment of their impact and contribution towards development goals and to facilitate the preparation of drainage water management plans and designs. The options are: water conservation, drainage water re-use, drainage water disposal and drainage water treatment. The full texts of the case studies can be found on the attached CD-ROM.
Author : Ariel Dinar,David Zilberman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 930 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781461540281
Jan van Schilfgaarde, USDA Agricultural Research Service and National Research Council Committee on Irrigation-Induced Water Quality Problems In 1982, a startling discovery was made. Many waterbirds in Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge were dying or suffering reproductive failure. Located in the San Joaquin Valley (Valley) of California, the Kesterson Reservoir (Kesterson) was used to store agricultural drainage water and it was soon determined that the probable cause of the damage to wildlife was high concen trations of selenium, derived from the water and water organisms in the reservoir. This discovery drastically changed numerous aspects of water management in California, and especially affected irrigated agriculture. In fact, the repercussions spilled over to much of the Western United States. For a century, water development for irrigation has been a religiously pursued means for economic development of the West. The primary objective of the Reclamation Act of 1902 was, purportedly, the development ofirrigation water to support family farms which, in turn, would enhance the regional economy (Worster, 1985).
Author : Premjit Sharma
Publisher : Gene-Tech Books
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2007-11
Category : Drainage
ISBN : 8189729268
Agricultural Drainage Is The Removal Of Excess Water From The Soil Surface And/Or Soil Profile Of Cropland, By Either Gravity Or Artificial Means. The Two Main Reasons For Improving The Drainage On Agricultural Land Are For Soil Conservation And Enhancing Crop Production. The Management Goal Of Agricultural Drainage Is To Maintain A Salt Balance In The Crop Root Zone In Arid Areas And Proper Soil Water Balance In Humid Areas. Drainage Water From Different Locations And/Or Facilities Will Have Different Quality Characteristics. Poor Quality Water Should Be Separated From Good Quality Water. If Drainage Water Is Unsuitable For Reuse, It Should Be Disposed Of In A Sink Of Lower Quality Water. In Recent Years, Public Concern Has Increased About The Nature Of Agricultural Drainage And The Impact Of Agricultural Drainage Improvements On The Quality Of Water Resources And Environment. This Publication Is Designed To Help Citizens To Understand The Purpose And Nature Of Agricultural Drainage Systems And Water Quality Issues. It Will Be A Highly Useful Reference Tool For Farm And Project Managers, Consultants, Engineers And Students And Researchers In The Field Of Agricultural Science. Contents Chapter 1: Introduction; Chapter 2: Surface Drainage; Chapter 3: Subsurface Drainage; Chapter 4: Water Table Management; Chapter 5: Drainage Water Quality; Chapter 6: Drainage Water Treatment; Chapter 7: Drainage Water Re-Use; Chapter 8: Drainage Water Issues; Chapter 9: Drainage Water Disposal; Chapter 10: Saline Water Irrigation; Chapter 11: Purification Of Streams And Rivers; Chapter 12: Long-Distance Water Transfer; Chapter 13: Water Quality Monitoring.
Author : Kenneth K. Tanji,Bruno Yaron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642785627
As the world population increases, there is increasing competition for waterquantity as well as quality. Provided here is an up-to-date perspective on Available Water Resources (Part I), Water Conservation and Technology inAgricultural Systems (Part II), Problem Water Uses and Treatment (Part III),and Management and Policy Evaluation (Part IV). The book is an invaluable source of information for water resource planners, managers and policy makers, researchers and students, and irrigationists.
Author : R. S. Ayers,D. W. Westcot
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : UOM:39015010878042
Richtlijnen voor de werker in het veld om problemen te ondervangen ten aanzien van de waterkwaliteit voor irrigatie-doeleinden. Tenslotte worden praktijkervaringen uit diverse gebieden vermeld
Author : Willem Vlotman,Lambert Smedema,David Rycroft
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 509 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2020-05-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000042207
Modern Land Drainage 2nd edition is a fully revised and updated edition of the 2004 edition. Modern Land Drainage describes traditional drainage formulas (Hooghoudt, Kirkham, Donnan, Ernst, Glover-Dumm) for rainfed agriculture in the humid temperature zone. Significant parts are devoted to drainage for salinity control of irrigated land in (semi-) arid zones, and to drainage of rice land in the humid tropics. Institutional, management and maintenance aspects are extensively covered, as well as the mitigation of adverse impacts of drainage interventions on the environment. The latest computer applications for drainage design in the context of integrated water management are described (DRAINMOD, HEC, SWAP, etc.). Field surveys are executed by governments, with the aid of consultants, but rarely are the end stakeholders (i.e., farmers and general public) involved from inception to planning to execution of a drainage system. Yet, during the Operation, Management and Maintenance (OMM) phase of a water management system, they are expected to takeover, run, bear and be responsible for the costs of OMM. The book describes successful methodologies and processes to be followed for engagement of stakeholders at all levels, from government to farm, from minister to farmer, and, from beginning to end. The book covers all aspects needed for sustainable drainage. The latest survey methodologies with satellites and drones are suggested to assess cause and effect. Waterlogging and salinity are the effect of something caused most likely upstream of the drainage problem location. Hence treating the cause may be more cost-effective. Triple Bottom Line (social, environmental and financial considerations) and the water-food-energy nexus are an integral part of the drainage design process. Controlled drainage, i.e. the balance of removal and conservation of drainage water and minimising solute transport as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA principle) is extensively described. This work is intended for use both as a university level textbook and as a professional handbook; it is of particular value to professionals engaged in drainage development in the context of integrated water resources and river basin management, civil and agricultural engineers, government officials, university students and libraries.
Author : San Joaquin Valley Interagency Drainage Program,United States. Bureau of Reclamation
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : SRLF:D0005421995
Author : E. D. Ongley,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9251038759
Agricultural operations can contribute to water quality deterioration through the release of several materials into water: sediments, pesticides, animal manures, fertilizers and other sources of inorganic and organic matter. This ''guidelines'' document on control and management of agricultural water pollution has the objectives of delineating the nature and consequences of agricultural impacts on water quality, and of providing a framework for practical measures to be undertaken by relevant professionals and decision-makers to control water pollution.
Author : Rick G. Allen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1232 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : UOM:39015029841379
Proceedings of the National Conference on Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, held in Park City, Utah, July 21-23, 1993. Sponsored by the Irrigation and Drainage Division of ASCE. This collection contains 156 papers discussing recent developments in irrigation, drainage, hydrology, wetlands engineering, hydraulics, and water requirements. Topics include: urban-agricultural and water transfers; water quality issues and solutions; wetlands, irrigation and water resources interactions; watershed hydrology; groundwater management and protection; characterization of droughts; effect of agricultural drainage on water quality; GIS in design, operation, and maintenance of irrigation systems; computer software development for on-farm use; engineering procedures to quantify streamflow depletions; and developments in surface irrigation.
Author : Frank M. D'Itri,Harold W. Belcher
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1994-12-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1566701392
Subirrigation and Controlled Drainage provides information by four subject groups: subirrigation/controlled drainage system planning and operation, economic/production impact, environmental impact, and barriers to further implementation of water table management systems. The chapter authors address water table management opportunities and issues by providing results and discussions of their research and experience. The book provides essential information to anyone associated with shallow water table management for agricultural production.
Author : Ariel Dinar
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Drainage
ISBN : UIUC:30112020022296
Author : William F. Ritter,Adel Shirmohammadi
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2000-12-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1420033085
If you work in the water quality management field, you know the challenges of monitoring and controlling pollutants in our water supply. The increasing problem of agricultural nonpoint source pollution requires complex solutions. Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution: Watershed Management and Hydrology covers the latest techniques and methods of managing large watershed areas, with an emphasis on controlling non-point source pollution, especially from agricultural run-off. Written by leading experts, the book includes topics such as: nitrate and phosphorus pollution, pesticide contamination, erosion and sedimentation, water-table management, and watershed management. The authors discuss the effects of agricultural run-off - one of the most intransigent problems now faced by environmental engineers and hydrologists. They explore each issue with an eye towards the integrated management of water quality and water resources over a defined area or region. This single-source reference gives you a complete understanding of the whats, whys, and hows of nonpoint source pollution - and more importantly of how to monitor and manage it. Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution: Watershed Management and Hydrology provides a broad but detailed overview that helps you to comprehend the intricacies of the problem and puts you on the path to finding the answers.