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Managing Hazardous Air Pollutants by Winston Chow,Katherine Connor Pdf
Managing Hazardous Air Pollutants presents a detailed examination of the state-of-the-art in the management of air pollutants ("air toxics"). This important new volume focuses on the latest research, regulatory perspectives, modeling, environmental and human risk assessments, new control strategies, monitoring programs, risk communication, and risk management. Key chapters in the book are devoted to these timely subjects:
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates air toxics under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act. To date the agency has established emission standards for 8 hazardous air pollutants, but the US electric industry was not determined to be a source category requiring regulation. The 1990 Clean Air Act amendments require a new evaluation of electric utility industry emissions of hazardous air pollutants. Key features of the air toxics provisions of the Clean Air Act Amendments are summarized, the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI's) activities on the subject are described, and preliminary insights from EPRI's research are presented. The PISCES database, monitoring chemical species, the control technology engineering reference manual, field monitoring, systems model, hydrochloric acid and mercury management, and risk assessment are discussed.
National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Air Quality Management in the United States
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Air Quality Management in the United States Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 427 pages File Size : 45,5 Mb Release : 2004-09-30 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309089326
Air Quality Management in the United States by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Air Quality Management in the United States Pdf
Managing the nation's air quality is a complex undertaking, involving tens of thousands of people in regulating thousands of pollution sources. The authors identify what has worked and what has not, and they offer wide-ranging recommendations for setting future priorities, making difficult choices, and increasing innovation. This new book explores how to better integrate scientific advances and new technologies into the air quality management system. The volume reviews the three-decade history of governmental efforts toward cleaner air, discussing how air quality standards are set and results measured, the design and implementation of control strategies, regulatory processes and procedures, special issues with mobile pollution sources, and more. The book looks at efforts to spur social and behavioral changes that affect air quality, the effectiveness of market-based instruments for air quality regulation, and many other aspects of the issue. Rich in technical detail, this book will be of interest to all those engaged in air quality management: scientists, engineers, industrial managers, law makers, regulators, health officials, clean-air advocates, and concerned citizens.
Hazardous Air Pollutants by Jeffrey W. Bradstreet Pdf
State and federal regulations affecting hazardous air pollutants have produced an escalating dilemma for industrial facilities. While struggling to remain competitive and in compliance with environmental regulations, industry faces increasing requirements and potential liabilities due to emissions of hazardous air pollutants. Many states began establishing regulations governing the emissions of hazardous air pollutants after the 1984 accidental release of methyl isocyanate in Bhopal, India. After thirteen years of extended debate, the US Congress passed significant amendments to the Clean Air Act in 1990. These various regulations require industrial facilities to evaluate, control, monitor, permit and assess risk for a variety of listed chemicals considered hazardous air pollutants. Title III of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments provides for the permitting and control of sources emitting as little as ten tons per year of one of 189 federally listed hazardous air pollutants. In addition, sources emitting lesser quantities of 100 of these 189 hazardous air pollutants have to develop risk management plans to prevent accidental releases. This requirement is very similar to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulation for protecting workers from accidental releases. Approximately ten other federal regulations also deal with emissions of hazardous pollutants. In addition, state regulations address up to 460 hazardous air pollutants. Deadlines for establishing compliance with the federal requirements are currently being implemented for some industry categories and are scheduled to be completed by 2003. To effectively respond to this myriad of hazardous air pollutant regulations and maintain a viable business, owners and operators of industrial facilities need to understand: the pollutants that are regulated as hazardous, applicable state and federal requirements, sources of hazardous air pollutants, the quantification of hazardous air pollutant emissions, potential risks and liabilities, and the best means to establish a compliance program. This book provides a review of the regulatory requirements affecting sources of hazardous air pollutants, the methods for inventorying and measuring emissions, methods for evaluating potential risks and liabilities due to hazardous air pollutant emissions, and approaches available to reduce emissions and establish a hazardous air pollutant compliance program.
Principles of Air Quality Management by Roger D. Griffin Pdf
Principles of Air Quality Management presents the fundamental principles that make up the broad field of air quality, pollution, and management. It is intended for those who have a general interest in the field, as well as those who have been involved in possibly only one or two of the specific aspects of air quality management. The book provides an understanding of the principles that govern our ability to manage air quality resources. It brings together in one volume current information on clean fuels, control technology, health effects, regulations, indoor air quality, global concerns, sources of criteria and hazardous air pollutants, atmospheric dispersion and modeling, air quality standards, risk assessments of air toxics, and trends. Beginning with the make-up of air and definitions of air and air pollution, this book outlines the history of air quality management, discussing emissions, standards, classifications of pollutants, and the production of secondary air pollution or photochemical smog.The discussion continues with the health effects of air pollutants and those that are considered toxic or hazardous, and the effects of those contaminants on the human body. Air pollutant damage to materials and vegetation, the standards of acceptable air quality from a health impacts outlook, and the techniques for measuring air quality are also reviewed. Air contaminant sources are approached from anthropogenic, geogenic, and biogenic viewpoints. From local, regional, and global perspectives, the book examines how contaminants are dispersed between sources and receptors. From these studies, an evaluation is made of the different models used to calculate dispersion and of the models used to predict ambient air quality. Federal laws and regulations, as well as regional perspectives, are summarized and evaluated. Control technologies available for both stationary sources and mobile sources are reviewed. From these sources, management options for limiting emissions and optimizing air pollutant strategies are analyzed. Also included is the latest data from the Auto/Oil Program on the impact of fuel reformulation on engine tailpipe emissions, the conclusions of the MECCA group on global warming, the findings of the California Healthy Building Pilot Study on indoor air quality, and the requirements for federal permits under the Clean Air Act Amendments. Global air quality concerns, relative global emissions, and alternative views are evaluated from a management options perspective. The book concludes with a presentation of indoor air quality and future trends in air quality management approaches, as well as their limitations.
Air Quality Control Handbook by E. Roberts Alley & Associates Pdf
Basic air quality theory - Atmospheric dispersion models - Ambient air monitoring - Stack sampling and monitoring - Air pollution testing - Fugitive emissions - Air quality management policy - Air management programs - Air quality audit - Air quality - Mobil sources - Hazardous air pollutants - Acid rain - Operating permits - Stratospheric ozone protection - Enforcement and administration - Ventilation - Control of particulate emissions - Absorption of gaseous emissions - Adsorption of gaseous compounds - Incineration of gaseous emissions - Biofiltration of gaseous compounds - Condensation of gaseous emissions - Control of nitrogen oxide emissions - Control of SO2 emissions.
Principles of Hazardous Materials Management by Anonim Pdf
Since the publication of the first edition of this volume in 1988, we have made great strides in reducing the amount of toxic waste that threatens our water, soil, and air. A greater acceptance of clean fuels and clean technologies, along with increased public awareness of environmental health hazards has given us greater optimism about the future
Sustainable Air Pollution Management by Ramesha Chandrappa,Umesh Chandra Kulshrestha Pdf
This work is intended as a textbook on the theory and practice of sustainable air pollution management. The book discusses the fundamental aspects of traditional air pollution topics as well as some more advanced topics (such as atmospheric brown cloud, trans-boundary movement of air pollutants, air transportation of radioactive material, biological air pollutants, etc.). Though much has been written about theory of Air Pollution Management, it is still not practiced in society for a variety of reasons. Having worked at the grass roots level and travelled extensively, the authors have captured useful, cost-effective and successfully implemented practices with their cameras and notebooks. The non-technical issues that are often seen as a hindrance to adopting sustainable solutions due to political, legal and social factors are also addressed to enable readers to understand a different dimension of social problems. Topics covered include selecting a separation process, process description, materials selection logic, implementation etc. Theory, design and operation specifications are also included for each air pollution management option. The book is an excellent guide for those readers looking to understand and practice sustainable air pollution management. Readers also learn how energy-efficient and cost-effective methods can be successfully used to reduce the production of contaminants, providing cleaner air.
Subjects extensively covered include asbestos, carbon dioxide, lead, nuclear accidents, non-ionizing radiation, stratospheric ozone, and visibility. Major topics discussed are: acidic deposition (acid rain); indoor air pollution; long range transport; risk assessment and management; hazardous and toxic substances. This state-of-the-art compilation will facilitate the work of air pollution control agency personnel, air pollution research scientists, and air pollution consultants. It will also be useful to law firms involved in air pollution litigation and to air pollution equipment and instrument manufacturers.
National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Risk Assessment of Hazardous Air Pollutants
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Risk Assessment of Hazardous Air Pollutants Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 668 pages File Size : 55,6 Mb Release : 1994-01-01 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309048941
Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Risk Assessment of Hazardous Air Pollutants Pdf
The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblownâ€"or when risks are overlookedâ€"public skepticism abounds. This comprehensive and readable book explores how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve its risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. With a wealth of detailed information, pertinent examples, and revealing analysis, the volume explores the "default option" and other basic concepts. It offers two views of EPA operations: The first examines how EPA currently assesses exposure to hazardous air pollutants, evaluates the toxicity of a substance, and characterizes the risk to the public. The second, more holistic, view explores how EPA can improve in several critical areas of risk assessment by focusing on cross-cutting themes and incorporating more scientific judgment. This comprehensive volume will be important to the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, students, and concerned individuals.
Hazardous Air Pollutant Handbook by Chester W. Spicer,Sydney M. Gordon,Thomas J. Kelly,Michael W. Holdren,R. Mukund Pdf
Hazardous Air Pollutant Handbook: Measurements, Properties, and Fate in Ambient Air provides a comprehensive review of the 188 compounds and compound classes designated as Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, with a specific focus on their potential presence in ambient air. The relevant chemical and physical properties of the compounds are discussed and tabulated, and suitable methods for their measurement in ambient air are identified. A survey of measurements of ambient HAP concentrations is provided for use in historical comparisons and for evaluating the current human health risks from these chemicals. Finally, the book reviews the atmospheric reactions that control the lifetime and fate of the HAPs in ambient air, and summarizes the current knowledge about their transformation products.
Hazardous Air Pollutants: Case Studies from Asia examines the variety of public health problems, such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, increased mortality, and impaired mental health, that are severely affecting multiple Asian countries as a result of exposure to high concentrations of air pollution in the wake of rapid industrialization. The contributors to this book have direct research experience in health problems caused by air pollution in the countries under discussion. The countries analyzed include China, Taiwan, Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Korea. The book is divided in two sections. Each chapter of the first section focuses on one country and summarizes multiple key aspects that contextualize public health issues within it, including Geography Meteorology Economics Demographics Sources of air pollution Epidemiological findings Biological mechanisms The first section also assesses the exposure and risk within each country. The second section introduces new fields of air pollution research, the impact of vehicle emission regulations, the effects of coal energy generation, and climate change. Presented in a concise and methodical manner, this book provides an up-to-date overview of the air pollution levels, health findings, and air quality policies of Asian countries. It expands understanding about the effects of air pollution on public health in Asia and lays a groundwork for future approaches to research and policy.
Rapid Guide to Hazardous Air Pollutants by Howard J. Beim,Jennifer Spero,Louis Theodore Pdf
Rapid Guide to Hazardous Air Pollutants Howard J. Beim, Jennifer Spero, and Louis Theodore Concise and easy to use, Rapid Guide to Hazardous Air Pollutants brings together a wealth of hard-to-gather information in one compact pocket guide. The Rapid Guide offers--in alphabetical order--detailed profiles of all 189 elements and compounds determined to be hazardous air pollutants by the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act. The profile for each pollutant includes: * fundamental identification data (CAS number, molecular formula, formula weight, synonyms) * uses (primarily in the manufacture of chemicals and as a component in the manufacturing process) * physical properties (such as boiling point, density, vapor pressures, color) * chemical properties (such as air/water reactivity, reactivity with skin or metal, flash point, heat of combustion) * health risks, including toxic exposure guidelines, toxicity data, and acute and chronic risks * hazard risks--the substance's potential for accidents, fires, explosions, corrosion, and chemical incompatibility * exposure routes tracking the activities, environment, sources, and occupations that tend to lead to exposure * regulatory status, listing the primary laws and citations of regulated chemicals * important additional information on symptoms, first aid, firefighting methods, protective equipment, and safe storage Based on the latest available data, Rapid Guide to Hazardous Air Pollutants is a valuable resource for industrial hygienists, emergency response personnel, health and safety managers, environmental and chemical engineers, scientists, chemical manufacturers, and students in environmental programs. Whatever the questions are regarding the handling, storage, transportation, or regulation of substances that endanger air quality, this Rapid Guide is the first place to turn for answers.
Author : Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff,Paul N. Cheremisinoff Publisher : William Andrew Page : 302 pages File Size : 53,9 Mb Release : 1995-12-31 Category : Science ISBN : 0815513720
