Managing Materials For A Twenty First Century Military

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Managing Materials for a Twenty-first Century Military

National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials Advisory Board,Committee on Assessing the Need for a Defense Stockpile
Managing Materials for a Twenty first Century Military Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials Advisory Board,Committee on Assessing the Need for a Defense Stockpile
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2008-04-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309112574

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Managing Materials for a Twenty-first Century Military by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials Advisory Board,Committee on Assessing the Need for a Defense Stockpile Pdf

Since 1939, the U.S. government, using the National Defense Stockpile (NDS), has been stockpiling critical strategic materials for national defense. The economic and national security environments, however, have changed significantly from the time the NDS was created. Current threats are more varied, production and processing of key materials is more globally dispersed, the global competition for raw materials is increasing, the U.S. military is more dependent on civilian industry, and industry depends far more on just-in-time inventory control. To help determine the significance of these changes for the strategic materials stockpile, the Department of Defense asked the NRC to assess the continuing need for and value of the NDS. This report begins with the historical context of the NDS. It then presents a discussion of raw-materials and minerals supply, an examination of changing defense planning and materials needs, an analysis of modern tools used to manage materials supply chains, and an assessment of current operational practices of the NDS.

Application of Lightweighting Technology to Military Aircraft, Vessels, and Vehicles

National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials and Manufacturing Board,Committee on Benchmarking the Technology and Application of Lightweighting
Application of Lightweighting Technology to Military Aircraft Vessels and Vehicles Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials and Manufacturing Board,Committee on Benchmarking the Technology and Application of Lightweighting
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-04-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309221665

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Application of Lightweighting Technology to Military Aircraft, Vessels, and Vehicles by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials and Manufacturing Board,Committee on Benchmarking the Technology and Application of Lightweighting Pdf

Lightweighting is a concept well known to structural designers and engineers in all applications areas, from laptops to bicycles to automobiles to buildings and airplanes. Reducing the weight of structures can provide many advantages, including increased energy efficiency, better design, improved usability, and better coupling with new, multifunctional features. While lightweighting is a challenge in commercial structures, the special demands of military vehicles for survivability, maneuverability and transportability significantly stress the already complex process. Application of Lightweighting Technology to Military Vehicles, Vessels, and Aircraft assesses the current state of lightweighting implementation in land, sea, and air vehicles and recommends ways to improve the use of lightweight materials and solutions. This book considers both lightweight materials and lightweight design; the availability of lightweight materials from domestic manufacturers; and the performance of lightweight materials and their manufacturing technologies. It also considers the "trade space"-that is, the effect that use of lightweight materials or technologies can have on the performance and function of all vehicle systems and components. This book also discusses manufacturing capabilities and affordable manufacturing technology to facilitate lightweighting. Application of Lightweighting Technology to Military Vehicles, Vessels, and Aircraft will be of interest to the military, manufacturers and designers of military equipment, and decision makers.

Review of the Federal Strategy for Nanotechnology-Related Environmental, Health, and Safety Research

National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials Advisory Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee for Review of the Federal Strategy to Address Environmental, Health, and Safety Research Needs for Engineered Nanoscale Materials
Review of the Federal Strategy for Nanotechnology Related Environmental Health and Safety Research Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials Advisory Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee for Review of the Federal Strategy to Address Environmental, Health, and Safety Research Needs for Engineered Nanoscale Materials
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 131 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2009-02-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309185837

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Review of the Federal Strategy for Nanotechnology-Related Environmental, Health, and Safety Research by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials Advisory Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee for Review of the Federal Strategy to Address Environmental, Health, and Safety Research Needs for Engineered Nanoscale Materials Pdf

This new book from the National Research Council finds serious weaknesses in the government's plan for research on the potential health and environmental risks posed by nanomaterials, which are increasingly being used in consumer goods and industry. An effective national plan for identifying and managing potential risks is essential to the successful development and public acceptance of nanotechnology-enabled products. The book recommends a robust national strategic plan for addressing nanotechnology-related EHS risks, which will need to focus on promoting research that can assist all stakeholders, including federal agencies, in planning, controlling, and optimizing the use of engineered nanomaterials while minimizing EHS effects of concern to society. Such a plan will ensure the timely development of engineered nanoscale materials that will bring about great improvements in the nation's health, its environmental quality, its economy, and its security.

Research Progress on Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials

National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Materials and Manufacturing Board,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee to Develop a Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials
Research Progress on Environmental Health and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Materials and Manufacturing Board,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee to Develop a Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-25
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309291866

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Research Progress on Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Materials and Manufacturing Board,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee to Develop a Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials Pdf

Despite the increase in funding for research and the rising numbers of peer-reviewed publications over the past decade that address the environmental, health, and safety aspects of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), uncertainty about the implications of potential exposures of consumers, workers, and ecosystems to these materials persists. Consumers and workers want to know which of these materials they are exposed to and whether the materials can harm them. Industry is concerned about being able to predict with sufficient certainty whether products that it makes and markets will pose any environmental, health or safety issues and what measures should be taken regarding manufacturing practices and worldwide distribution to minimize any potential risk. However, there remains a disconnect between the research that is being carried out and its relevance to and use by decision-makers and regulators to make informed public health and environmental policy and regulatory decisions. Research Progress on Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Nanomaterials evaluates research progress and updates research priorities and resource estimates on the basis of results of studies and emerging trends in the nanotechnology industry. This report follows up the 2012 report A Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials, which presented a strategic approach for developing the science and research infrastructure needed to address uncertainties regarding the potential environmental, health, and safety risks posed by ENMs. This new report looks at the state of nanotechnology research, examines market and regulatory conditions and their affect on research priorities, and considers the criteria for evaluating research progress on the environmental, health, and safety aspects of nanotechnology.

A Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials

National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials and Manufacturing Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee to Develop a Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials
A Research Strategy for Environmental Health and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials and Manufacturing Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee to Develop a Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-06-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309253284

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A Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Materials and Manufacturing Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee to Develop a Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials Pdf

The nanotechnology sector, which generated about $225 billion in product sales in 2009, is predicted to expand rapidly over the next decade with the development of new technologies that have new capabilities. The increasing production and use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) may lead to greater exposures of workers, consumers, and the environment, and the unique scale-specific and novel properties of the materials raise questions about their potential effects on human health and the environment. Over the last decade, government agencies, academic institutions, industry, and others have conducted many assessments of the environmental, health, and safety (EHS) aspects of nanotechnology. The results of those efforts have helped to direct research on the EHS aspects of ENMs. However, despite the progress in assessing research needs and despite the research that has been funded and conducted, developers, regulators, and consumers of nanotechnology-enabled products remain uncertain about the types and quantities of nanomaterials in commerce or in development, their possible applications, and their associated risks. A Research Strategy for Environmental, Health, and Safety Aspects of Engineered Nanomaterials presents a strategic approach for developing the science and research infrastructure needed to address uncertainties regarding the potential EHS risks of ENMs. The report summarizes the current state of the science and high-priority data gaps on the potential EHS risks posed by ENMs and describes the fundamental tools and approaches needed to pursue an EHS risk research strategy. The report also presents a proposed research agenda, short-term and long-term research priorities, and estimates of needed resources and concludes by focusing on implementation of the research strategy and evaluation of its progress, elements that the committee considered integral to its charge.

U.S. Naval Power in the 21st Century

Brent D. Sadler
U S Naval Power in the 21st Century Book PDF

Author : Brent D. Sadler
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2023-05-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781682478110

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U.S. Naval Power in the 21st Century by Brent D. Sadler Pdf

This nation‘s Cold War and Global War on Terror defense structures need an update. U.S. Naval Power in the 21st Century provides such a framework for the changed world we live in, offering a detailed roadmap that shows how the United States can field a war-winning fleet that can also compete aggressively in peacetime against dangerous competitors unlike any the nation has faced before. Brent Sadler presents a compelling new strategy and organizing approach that he calls naval statecraft, which acknowledges the centrality and importance of the maritime domain. While similar in scale and scope to Cold War containment strategies against the Soviets, naval statecraft is much more. It must be to challenge China‘s involvement in global supply chains, which gives that country significant financial heft and influence around the world. Unlike what existed during of the Cold War, however, Sadler provides a unique vision for competing with China and Russia. Rather than simply calling for better coordinated U.S. diplomacy, military operations, and economic statecraft, Sadler argues for integrating the levers of national power coherently and in a sustainable way. This is no small feat, and his approach is informed by a long career rich in working with various agencies of government, foreign militaries (including hostile ones), and our allies. It is an approach imminently appropriate to our times but comes with a realization that the nation is not ready for the competition it faces from China and Russia. The book is a valuable contribution to the national debate over how best to respond to China‘s rise and Russia‘s antagonisms.

Managing the Unknown

Frank Uekötter,Uwe Lübken
Managing the Unknown Book PDF

Author : Frank Uekötter,Uwe Lübken
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2014-03-30
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781782382539

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Managing the Unknown by Frank Uekötter,Uwe Lübken Pdf

Information is crucial when it comes to the management of resources. But what if knowledge is incomplete, or biased, or otherwise deficient? How did people define patterns of proper use in the absence of cognitive certainty? Discussing this challenge for a diverse set of resources from fish to rubber, these essays show that deficient knowledge is a far more pervasive challenge in resource history than conventional readings suggest. Furthermore, environmental ignorance does not inevitably shrink with the march of scientific progress: these essays suggest more of a dialectical relationship between knowledge and ignorance that has different shapes and trajectories. With its combination of empirical case studies and theoretical reflection, the essays make a significant contribution to the interdisciplinary debate on the production and resilience of ignorance. At the same time, this volume combines insights from different continents as well as the seas in between and thus sketches outlines of an emerging global resource history.

Recycle Everything

Janet Unruh
Recycle Everything Book PDF

Author : Janet Unruh
Publisher : Janet Unruh
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2010-03-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781450599054

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Recycle Everything by Janet Unruh Pdf

Our current production-consumption system extracts raw materials from the earth, creates tangible products and after one or two uses, disposes of them in landfills. Recycle Everything; Why We Must, How We Can provides evidence of declining availability of raw materials from respected journals and organizations including the Department of Defense. The book explains how materials can be recycled in a system that retains and reuses them perpetually. In addition to parts suppliers, producers, distributors and consumers, there are new roles: collectors, disassemblers, used-parts brokers and materials processors. These new roles make it possible to recover, reprocess and reuse materials. Products are no longer sold and their materials lost; they are leased and tracked on their entire journey around the system from producer to consumer and back to producer. Finally, the book briefly describes the Institute for Material Sustainability and its role in helping industries transform themselves from linear systems dependent on extraction to systems that are self-sufficient and sustainable indefinitely into the future.

Critical Materials: Underlying Causes And Sustainable Mitigation Strategies

S Erik Offerman
Critical Materials Underlying Causes And Sustainable Mitigation Strategies Book PDF

Author : S Erik Offerman
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2019-02-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789813271067

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Critical Materials: Underlying Causes And Sustainable Mitigation Strategies by S Erik Offerman Pdf

This book covers a new frontier of research in Critical Materials that provides insight in terms of the possible sustainable mitigation strategies, the complexity, broadness and multi-disciplinarity of the subject. By exploring in both 'systems view' and 'in-depth materials view' in light of the circular economy, this book tackles the problem of sustainable usage of materials that is closely intertwined with the energy issue and climate change. Topics covered include: geopolitics of materials, the energy-materials nexus, definitions of the criticality of materials, circular product design, the development of alternative materials (substitution), sustainable mining and recycling.

The Lightest Metals

Timothy P. Hanusa
The Lightest Metals Book PDF

Author : Timothy P. Hanusa
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2015-10-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118751442

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The Lightest Metals by Timothy P. Hanusa Pdf

The first seven metals in the periodic table are lithium, beryllium, sodium, magnesium, aluminium, potassium and calcium, known collectively as the “lightest metals”. The growing uses of these seven elements are enmeshing them ever more firmly into critical areas of 21st century technology, including energy storage, catalysis, and various applications of nanoscience. This volume provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals and recent advances in the science and technology of the lightest metals. Opening chapters of the book describe major physical and chemical properties of the metals, their occurrence and issues of long-term availability. The book goes on to disucss a broad range of chemical features, including low oxidation state chemistry, organometallics, metal-centered NMR spectroscopy, and cation-π interactions. Current and emerging applications of the metals are presented, including lithium-ion battery technology, hydrogen storage chemistry, superconductor materials, transparent ceramics, nano-enhanced catalysis, and research into photosynthesis and photoelectrochemical cells. The content from this book will be added online to the Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry: http://www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/ref/eibc

Managing Natural Resources

Gerard George,Simon J.D. Schillebeeckx
Managing Natural Resources Book PDF

Author : Gerard George,Simon J.D. Schillebeeckx
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-27
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781786435729

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Managing Natural Resources by Gerard George,Simon J.D. Schillebeeckx Pdf

Managing the natural environment is fundamental to many businesses, yet management scholars have understudied how natural resources are acquired and deployed, how they constrain and challenge strategy and innovation, and how they differ from more conventionally studied resources in management. This book captures leading and thought-provoking conceptual and empirical contributions on how organizations (ought to) interact with such natural resources. The authors apply and extend management theories to the natural resource context, thereby opening up multiple avenues for future research.

Beyond Resource Wars

Shlomi Dinar
Beyond Resource Wars Book PDF

Author : Shlomi Dinar
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2011-03-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262515580

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Beyond Resource Wars by Shlomi Dinar Pdf

An argument that resource scarcity and environmental degradation can provide an impetus for cooperation among countries. Common wisdom holds that the earth's dwindling natural resources and increasing environmental degradation will inevitably lead to inter-state conflict, and possibly even set off “resource wars.” Many scholars and policymakers have considered the environmental roots of violent conflict and instability, but little attention has been paid to the idea that scarcity and degradation may actually play a role in fostering inter-state cooperation. Beyond Resource Wars fills this gap, offering a different perspective on the links between environmental problems and inter-state conflict. Although the contributors do not deny that resource scarcity and environmental degradation may become sources of contention, they argue that these conditions also provide the impetus for cooperation, coordination, and negotiation between states. The book examines aspects of environmental conflict and cooperation in detail, across a number of natural resources and issues including oil, water, climate change, ocean pollution, and biodiversity conservation. The contributors argue that increasing scarcity and degradation generally induce cooperation across states, but when conditions worsen (and a problem becomes too costly or a resource becomes too scarce), cooperation becomes more difficult. Similarly, low levels of scarcity may discourage cooperation because problems seem less urgent. With contributions from scholars in international relations, economics, and political science, Beyond Resource Wars offers a comprehensive and robust investigation of the links among scarcity, environmental degradation, cooperation, and conflict.

Red Alert

Stephen Leeb
Red Alert Book PDF

Author : Stephen Leeb
Publisher : Business Plus
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2011-10-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781609418847

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Red Alert by Stephen Leeb Pdf

"I would caution readers to dismiss Stephen Leeb's warnings only at their peril." -- Thomas Kaplan, chairman, Tigris Financial Group The American Dream is close to being replaced by a living nightmare: Key commodities that are essential to our daily lives and that are widely believed to be abundant are running critically short. Even worse, the Chinese are doing what they can to monopolize the world's dwindling resources. The U.S. is now largely dependent on our greatest economic rival for rare earth elements as well as a host of other minerals-all of which are absolutely essential to the development of alternative energies and are critically important for our defense industry, computers, cell phones, and other electronic devices. While America has been fighting wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, China has focused its substantial muscle on securing vital commodities from these and other lands to upgrade its infrastructure and industrial strength to meet the resource challenge head-on. China has wrapped itself in the green flag of combating climate change while systematically discouraging other nations from adopting similar policies in a bid to gain time to achieve its plans. Red Alert is a provocative and frightening look at the growing political, economic, and social power of China and the threat that nation poses to the Western world. It lays out how the Chinese are strategizing to overtake the United States as the world's premier economic power-and details how our failure to respond quickly will result in a permanently lower standard of living for Americans. Peppered with startling statistics, charts, and evidence of how China continues to expand its economic reach, Red Alert is both controversial and powerful in its scope.

Critical and Rare Earth Elements

Abhilash,Ata Akcil
Critical and Rare Earth Elements Book PDF

Author : Abhilash,Ata Akcil
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429659812

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Critical and Rare Earth Elements by Abhilash,Ata Akcil Pdf

This book is aimed to compile the distribution of rare earth elements in various resources with their processing from secondary resources. It includes details of various processes developed for extraction of rare earth elements from varied raw materials ranging from e-wastes, tailings, process wastes and residues. It emphasizes importance of processing of the secondary resources to assist environmental remediation of such untreated wastes and get finished products. It covers all aspects of rare metals and rare earth metals in one volume covering extraction, separation and recycling of secondary resources for extraction of these metals along with relevant case studies.

Korea 2011

Rüdiger Frank,James E. Hoare,Patrick Köllner,Susan Pares
Korea 2011 Book PDF

Author : Rüdiger Frank,James E. Hoare,Patrick Köllner,Susan Pares
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011-08-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004218185

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Korea 2011 by Rüdiger Frank,James E. Hoare,Patrick Köllner,Susan Pares Pdf

This book is the fifth in an annual series. It provides up-to-date information on the politics, economy and society of both South and North Korea. Each volume is structured as follows: The first part offers the reader an up-to-date analysis and commentary on the following topics: Domestic Politics and the Economy in South Korea", "Domestic Politics and the Economy in North Korea", "Relations between the two Koreas", and "Foreign Relations of the two Koreas". A detailed chronology of relevant events in the year preceding publication complements this first part.The second part consists of some eight to ten refereed, original articles with contributions on contemporary Korean affairs in fields such as politics, economy and society. For regular and professional observers of Korea in business, politics, the media and academia, this book series is an indispensable resource both for keeping track of developments, and for gathering new insights."