Manufacturing A Socialist Modernity

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Manufacturing a Socialist Modernity

Kimberly Elman Zarecor
Manufacturing a Socialist Modernity Book PDF

Author : Kimberly Elman Zarecor
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2011-04-10
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9780822977803

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Manufacturing a Socialist Modernity by Kimberly Elman Zarecor Pdf

Eastern European prefabricated housing blocks are often vilified as the visible manifestations of everything that was wrong with state socialism. For many inside and outside the region, the uniformity of these buildings became symbols of the dullness and drudgery of everyday life. Manufacturing a Socialist Modernity complicates this common perception. Analyzing the cultural, intellectual, and professional debates surrounding the construction of mass housing in early postwar Czechoslovakia, Zarecor shows that these housing blocks served an essential function in the planned economy and reflected an interwar aesthetic, derived from constructivism and functionalism, that carried forward into the 1950s. With a focus on prefabricated and standardized housing built from 1945 to 1960, Zarecor offers broad and innovative insights into the country's transition from capitalism to state socialism. She demonstrates that during this shift, architects and engineers consistently strove to meet the needs of Czechs and Slovaks despite challenging economic conditions, a lack of material resources, and manufacturing and technological limitations. In the process, architects were asked to put aside their individual creative aspirations and transform themselves into technicians and industrial producers. Manufacturing a Socialist Modernity is the first comprehensive history of architectural practice and the emergence of prefabricated housing in the Eastern Bloc. Through discussions of individual architects and projects, as well as building typologies, professional associations, and institutional organization, it opens a rare window into the cultural and economic life of Eastern Europe during the early postwar period.

The Skin of the System

Benjamin Robinson
The Skin of the System Book PDF

Author : Benjamin Robinson
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : History
ISBN : 9780804762472

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The Skin of the System by Benjamin Robinson Pdf

The Skin of the System objects to the idea that there is only one modernity—that of liberal capitalism. Starting from the simple conviction that whatever else East German socialism was, it was real, this book focuses on what made historical socialism different from social systems in the West. In this way, the study elicits the general question: what must we think in order to think an other system at all? To approach this question, Robinson turns to the remarkable writer Franz Fühmann, the East German who most single-mindedly dedicated himself to understanding what it means to transform from fascism to socialism. Fühmann's own serial loyalties to Hitler and Stalin inform his existential meditations on change and difference. By placing Fühmann's politically alert and intensely personal literary inventions in the context of an inquiry into radical social rupture, The Skin of the System wrests the brutal materiality of twentieth-century socialism from attempts to provincialize both its desires and its failures as antimodern ideological follies.

Building Socialism

Christina Schwenkel
Building Socialism Book PDF

Author : Christina Schwenkel
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-21
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781478012603

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Building Socialism by Christina Schwenkel Pdf

Following a decade of U.S. bombing campaigns that obliterated northern Vietnam, East Germany helped Vietnam rebuild in an act of socialist solidarity. In Building Socialism Christina Schwenkel examines the utopian visions of an expert group of Vietnamese and East German urban planners who sought to transform the devastated industrial town of Vinh into a model socialist city. Drawing on archival and ethnographic research in Vietnam and Germany with architects, engineers, construction workers, and tenants in Vinh’s mass housing complex, Schwenkel explores the material and affective dimensions of urban possibility and the quick fall of Vinh’s new built environment into unplanned obsolescence. She analyzes the tensions between aspirational infrastructure and postwar uncertainty to show how design models and practices that circulated between the socialist North and the decolonizing South underwent significant modification to accommodate alternative cultural logics and ideas about urban futurity. By documenting the building of Vietnam’s first planned city and its aftermath of decay and repurposing, Schwenkel argues that underlying the ambivalent and often unpredictable responses to modernist architectural forms were anxieties about modernity and the future of socialism itself.

Designing Tito's Capital

Brigitte Le Normand
Designing Tito s Capital Book PDF

Author : Brigitte Le Normand
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2014-07-16
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9780822962991

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Designing Tito's Capital by Brigitte Le Normand Pdf

A major influence was modernist Le Corbusier and his Athens Charter published in 1943, which called for the total reconstruction of European cities, transforming them into compact and verdant vertical cities unfettered by slumlords, private interests, and traffic congestion. As Yugoslavia transitioned toward self-management and market socialism, the functionalist district of New Belgrade and its modern living were lauded as the model city of socialist man. The glow of the utopian ideal would fade by the 1960s, when market socialism had raised expectations for living standards and the government was eager for inhabitants to finance their own housing. By 1972, a new master plan emerged under Aleksandar Đordevic, fashioned with the assistance of American experts. Espousing current theories about systems and rational process planning and using cutting edge computer technology, the new plan left behind the dream for a functionalist Belgrade and instead focused on managing growth trends.

The Oxford Handbook of Communist Visual Cultures

Aga Skrodzka,Xiaoning Lu,Katarzyna Marciniak
The Oxford Handbook of Communist Visual Cultures Book PDF

Author : Aga Skrodzka,Xiaoning Lu,Katarzyna Marciniak
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 799 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-06-18
Category : Performing Arts
ISBN : 9780190885533

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The Oxford Handbook of Communist Visual Cultures by Aga Skrodzka,Xiaoning Lu,Katarzyna Marciniak Pdf

Stereotypes often cast communism as a defunct, bankrupt ideology and a relic of the distant past. However, recent political movements like Europe's anti-austerity protests, the Arab Spring, and Occupy Wall Street suggest that communism is still very much relevant and may even hold the key to a new, idealized future. In The Oxford Handbook of Communist Visual Cultures, contributors trace the legacies of communist ideology in visual culture, from buildings and monuments, murals and sculpture, to recycling campaigns and wall newspapers, all of which work to make communism's ideas and values material. Contributors work to resist the widespread demonization of communism, demystifying its ideals and suggesting that it has visually shaped the modern world in undeniable and complex ways. Together, contributors answer curcial questions like: What can be salvaged and reused from past communist experiments? How has communism impacted the cultures of late capitalism? And how have histories of communism left behind visual traces of potential utopias? An interdisciplinary look at the cultural currency of communism today, The Oxford Handbook of Communist Visual Cultures demonstrates the value of revisiting the practices of the past to form a better vision of the future.

Designing the Creative Child

Amy F. Ogata
Designing the Creative Child Book PDF

Author : Amy F. Ogata
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781452939254

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Designing the Creative Child by Amy F. Ogata Pdf

The postwar American stereotypes of suburban sameness, traditional gender roles, and educational conservatism have masked an alternate self-image tailor-made for the Cold War. The creative child, an idealized future citizen, was the darling of baby boom parents, psychologists, marketers, and designers who saw in the next generation promise that appeared to answer the most pressing worries of the age. Designing the Creative Child reveals how a postwar cult of childhood creativity developed and continues to this day. Exploring how the idea of children as imaginative and naturally creative was constructed, disseminated, and consumed in the United States after World War II, Amy F. Ogata argues that educational toys, playgrounds, small middle-class houses, new schools, and children’s museums were designed to cultivate imagination in a growing cohort of baby boom children. Enthusiasm for encouraging creativity in children countered Cold War fears of failing competitiveness and the postwar critique of social conformity, making creativity an emblem of national revitalization. Ogata describes how a historically rooted belief in children’s capacity for independent thinking was transformed from an elite concern of the interwar years to a fully consumable and aspirational ideal that persists today. From building blocks to Gumby, playhouses to Playskool trains, Creative Playthings to the Eames House of Cards, Crayola fingerpaint to children’s museums, material goods and spaces shaped a popular understanding of creativity, and Designing the Creative Child demonstrates how this notion has been woven into the fabric of American culture.

Fin de Millénaire Budapest

Judit Bodnaŕ
Fin de Mill naire Budapest Book PDF

Author : Judit Bodnaŕ
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0816635846

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Fin de Millénaire Budapest by Judit Bodnaŕ Pdf

"Fin de Millenaire Budapest combines historical narratives and ethnographic accounts with quantitative evidence to create a detailed picture of a city subjected to the forces of great local and global change. In the privatizing of public space, the decline of manufacturing, the rapid growth of services, and the opening of opportunities for entrepreneurs, Bodnar captures global urban patterns - with a distinct, central European accent. In particular, she shows tensions between the liberating and fragmenting effects of the increasingly private use of urban space and some ways in which the new urban patterns both resemble and transcend cultural patterns from Budapest's socialist past."--BOOK JACKET.

Rethinking Global Modernism

Vikramaditya Prakash,Maristella Casciato,Daniel E. Coslett
Rethinking Global Modernism Book PDF

Author : Vikramaditya Prakash,Maristella Casciato,Daniel E. Coslett
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 433 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-22
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781000471632

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Rethinking Global Modernism by Vikramaditya Prakash,Maristella Casciato,Daniel E. Coslett Pdf

This anthology collects developing scholarship that outlines a new decentred history of global modernism in architecture using postcolonial and other related theoretical frameworks. By both revisiting the canons of modernism and seeking to decolonize and globalize those canons, the volume explores what a genuinely "global" history of architectural modernism might begin to look like. Its chapters explore the historiography and weaknesses of modernism's normative interpretations and propose alternatives to them. The collection offers essays that interrogate transnationalism in new ways, reconsiders the agency of the subaltern and the roles played by infrastructures, materials, and global institutions in propagating a diversity of modernisms internationally. Issues such as colonial modernism, architectural pedagogy, cultural imperialism, and spirituality are engaged. With essays from both established scholars and up-and-coming researchers, this is an important reference for a new understanding of this crucial and developing topic.

The Optimum Imperative: Czech Architecture for the Socialist Lifestyle, 1938–1968

Ana Miljacki
The Optimum Imperative Czech Architecture for the Socialist Lifestyle 1938 1968 Book PDF

Author : Ana Miljacki
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-02-03
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781315460116

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The Optimum Imperative: Czech Architecture for the Socialist Lifestyle, 1938–1968 by Ana Miljacki Pdf

The Optimum Imperative examines architecture’s multiple entanglements within the problematics of Socialist lifestyle in postwar Czechoslovakia. Situated in the period loosely bracketed by the signing of the Munich accords in 1938, which affected Czechoslovakia’s entrance into World War II, and the Warsaw Pact troops’ occupation of Prague in 1968, the book investigates three decades of Czech architecture, highlighting a diverse cast of protagonists. Key among them are the theorist and architect Karel Honzík and a small group of his colleagues in the Club for the Study of Consumption; the award-winning Czechoslovak Pavilion at the 1958 World Expo in Brussels; and SIAL, a group of architects from Liberec that emerged from the national network of Stavoprojekt offices during the reform years, only to be subsumed back into it in the wake of Czechoslovak normalization. This episodic approach enables a long view of the way that the project of constructing Socialism was made disciplinarily specific for architecture, through the constant interpretation of Socialist lifestyle, both as a narrative framework and as a historical goal. Without sanitizing history of its absurd contortions in discourse and in daily life, the book takes as its subject the complex and dynamic relationships between Cold War politics, state power, disciplinary legitimating narratives, and Czech architects’ optimism for Socialism. It proposes that these key dimensions of practicing architecture and building Socialism were intertwined, and even commensurate at times, through the framework of Socialist lifestyle.

Sanctioning Modernism

Timothy Parker,Monica Penick,Vladimir Kulic
Sanctioning Modernism Book PDF

Author : Timothy Parker,Monica Penick,Vladimir Kulic
Publisher : University of Texas Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2014-06-01
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9780292757257

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Sanctioning Modernism by Timothy Parker,Monica Penick,Vladimir Kulic Pdf

In the decades following World War II, modern architecture spread around the globe alongside increased modernization, urbanization, and postwar reconstruction—and it eventually won widespread acceptance. But as the limitations of conventional conceptions of modernism became apparent, modern architecture has come under increasing criticism. In this collection of essays, experienced and emerging scholars take a fresh look at postwar modern architecture by asking what it meant to be "modern," what role modern architecture played in constructing modern identities, and who sanctioned (or was sanctioned by) modernism in architecture. This volume presents focused case studies of modern architecture in three realms—political, religious, and domestic—that address our very essence as human beings. Several essays explore developments in Czechoslovakia, Romania, and Yugoslavia and document a modernist design culture that crossed political barriers, such as the Iron Curtain, more readily than previously imagined. Other essays investigate various efforts to reconcile the concerns of modernist architects with the traditions of the Roman Catholic Church and other Christian institutions. And a final group of essays looks at postwar homebuilding in the United States and demonstrates how malleable and contested the image of the American home was in the mid-twentieth century. These inquiries show the limits of canonical views of modern architecture and reveal instead how civic institutions, ecclesiastical traditions, individual consumers, and others sought to sanction the forms and ideas of modern architecture in the service of their respective claims or desires to be modern.

The Socialist Good Life

Cristofer Scarboro,Diana Mincyte,Zsuzsu Gille
The Socialist Good Life Book PDF

Author : Cristofer Scarboro,Diana Mincyte,Zsuzsu Gille
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2020-06-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9780253047809

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The Socialist Good Life by Cristofer Scarboro,Diana Mincyte,Zsuzsu Gille Pdf

“First-class, rigorously researched, richly documented, and thought-provoking” essays on the consumer experience in socialist Eastern Europe (Graham H. Roberts, author of Material Culture in Russia and the USSR). As communist regimes denigrated Western countries for widespread unemployment and consumer excess, socialist Eastern European states simultaneously legitimized their power through their apparent ability to satisfy consumers’ needs. Moving beyond binaries of production and consumption, the essays collected here examine the lessons consumption studies can offer about ethnic and national identity and the role of economic expertise in shaping consumer behavior. From Polish VCRs to Ukrainian fashion boutiques, tropical fruits in the GDR to cinemas in Belgrade, The Socialist Good Life explores what consumption means in a worker state where communist ideology emphasizes collective needs over individual pleasures.

Late Modernity, Individualization and Socialism

M. Dawson
Late Modernity Individualization and Socialism Book PDF

Author : M. Dawson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2013-05-14
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781137003423

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Late Modernity, Individualization and Socialism by M. Dawson Pdf

Influenced most notably by Émile Durkheim and Zygmunt Bauman, Dawson outlines how this long neglected stream of socialist theory can help us more fully understand, and possibly move beyond, the problems of neoliberalism and our conceptions of political individualism.

The Optimum Imperative: Czech Architecture for the Socialist Lifestyle, 1938–1968

Ana Miljacki
The Optimum Imperative Czech Architecture for the Socialist Lifestyle 1938 1968 Book PDF

Author : Ana Miljacki
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2017-02-03
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781315460123

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The Optimum Imperative: Czech Architecture for the Socialist Lifestyle, 1938–1968 by Ana Miljacki Pdf

The Optimum Imperative examines architecture’s multiple entanglements within the problematics of Socialist lifestyle in postwar Czechoslovakia. Situated in the period loosely bracketed by the signing of the Munich accords in 1938, which affected Czechoslovakia’s entrance into World War II, and the Warsaw Pact troops’ occupation of Prague in 1968, the book investigates three decades of Czech architecture, highlighting a diverse cast of protagonists. Key among them are the theorist and architect Karel Honzík and a small group of his colleagues in the Club for the Study of Consumption; the award-winning Czechoslovak Pavilion at the 1958 World Expo in Brussels; and SIAL, a group of architects from Liberec that emerged from the national network of Stavoprojekt offices during the reform years, only to be subsumed back into it in the wake of Czechoslovak normalization. This episodic approach enables a long view of the way that the project of constructing Socialism was made disciplinarily specific for architecture, through the constant interpretation of Socialist lifestyle, both as a narrative framework and as a historical goal. Without sanitizing history of its absurd contortions in discourse and in daily life, the book takes as its subject the complex and dynamic relationships between Cold War politics, state power, disciplinary legitimating narratives, and Czech architects’ optimism for Socialism. It proposes that these key dimensions of practicing architecture and building Socialism were intertwined, and even commensurate at times, through the framework of Socialist lifestyle.

The Ambiguous Legacy of Socialist Modernist Architecture in Central and Eastern Europe

Mariusz E. Sokołowicz,Aleksandra Nowakowska,Błażej Ciarkowski
The Ambiguous Legacy of Socialist Modernist Architecture in Central and Eastern Europe Book PDF

Author : Mariusz E. Sokołowicz,Aleksandra Nowakowska,Błażej Ciarkowski
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2023-04-28
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781000875515

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The Ambiguous Legacy of Socialist Modernist Architecture in Central and Eastern Europe by Mariusz E. Sokołowicz,Aleksandra Nowakowska,Błażej Ciarkowski Pdf

This book examines the unique socialist-modernist architecture built in the twentieth century in Central and Eastern Europe as a source of heritage and of existing and potential value for the present and future generations. Due to the historical context in which it was created, such architecture remains ambiguous. On the one hand, the wider public associates it with the legacy of the unpleasant period of the real socialist economic regime. Yet, on the other hand, it is also a manifestation of social modernization and the promotion of a significant proportion of the population. This book focuses particularly on concrete heritage, a legacy of modernist architecture in Central and Eastern Europe, and it was this material that enabled their rebuilding after World War II and modernization during the following decades. The authors search for the value of modernist architecture and using case studies from Poland, Bulgaria, Northern Macedonia, Lithuania and Slovenia verify to what extent this heritage is embedded in the local socio-economic milieu and becomes a basis for creating new values. They argue that the challenge is to change the ways we think about heritage, from looking at it from the point of view of a single monument to thinking in terms of a place with its own character and identity that builds its relation to history and its embeddedness in the local space. Furthermore, they propose that the preservation of existing concrete structures and adapting them to modern needs is of great importance for sustainability. With increasing awareness of the issue of preserving post-war architectural heritage and the strategies of dissonant heritage management, this multidisciplinary study will be of interest to architecture historians, conservators, heritage economists, urban planners and architects.

Mass Housing

Miles Glendinning
Mass Housing Book PDF

Author : Miles Glendinning
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 688 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2021-03-25
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781474229296

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Mass Housing by Miles Glendinning Pdf

This major work provides the first comprehensive history of one of modernism's most defining and controversial architectural legacies: the 20th-century drive to provide 'homes for the people'. Vast programmes of mass housing – high-rise, low-rise, state-funded, and built in the modernist style – became a truly global phenomenon, leaving a legacy which has suffered waves of disillusionment in the West but which is now seeing a dramatic, 21st-century renaissance in the booming, crowded cities of East Asia. Providing a global approach to the history of Modernist mass-housing production, this authoritative study combines architectural history with the broader social, political, cultural aspects of mass housing – particularly the 'mass' politics of power and state-building throughout the 20th century. Exploring the relationship between built form, ideology, and political intervention, it shows how mass housing not only reflected the transnational ideals of the Modernist project, but also became a central legitimizing pillar of nation-states worldwide. In a compelling narrative which likens the spread of mass housing to a 'Hundred Years War' of successive campaigns and retreats, it traces the history around the globe from Europe via the USA, Soviet Union and a network of international outposts, to its ultimate, optimistic resurgence in China and the East – where it asks: Are we facing a new dawn for mass housing, or another 'great housing failure' in the making?