Mapping Native America Cartography And The Academy
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Mapping Native America: Cartography and the academy by Daniel Gerard Cole,Imre Sutton Pdf
Volume 2 concerns academic contributions dating back to the early 1800s: Such cartographic contributions are not entirely products of college or university scholars, but their development, design and printing reflect an academic and/or scientific endeavor about Native America. At a much later date, academia is participating in the fieldwork, data-gathering, design and production of maps and atlases. Scholars also have figured prominently as the leaders and synthesizers of the legal cartography of tribal land claims. We would logically emphasize that much of the academic producers have been ethnologists, historians, and geographers to a lesser extent. As one study reports, archaeologists have also been concerned about cartographic methods in recording archaeological data in the field.
Digital Mapping and Indigenous America by Janet Berry Hess Pdf
Employing anthropology, field research, and humanities methodologies as well as digital cartography, and foregrounding the voices of Indigenous scholars, this text examines digital projects currently underway, and includes alternative modes of "mapping" Native American, Alaskan Native, Indigenous Hawaiian and First Nations land. The work of both established and emerging scholars addressing a range of geographic regions and cultural issues is also represented. Issues addressed include the history of maps made by Native Americans; healing and reconciliation projects related to boarding schools; language and land reclamation; Western cartographic maps created in collaboration with Indigenous nations; and digital resources that combine maps with narrative, art, and film, along with chapters on archaeology, place naming, and the digital presence of elders. This text is of interest to scholars working in history, cultural studies, anthropology, Native American studies, and digital cartography.
Author : G. Malcolm Lewis Publisher : University of Chicago Press Page : 368 pages File Size : 40,6 Mb Release : 1998-09-15 Category : History ISBN : 0226476944
Ever since a native American prepared a paper "charte" of the lower Colorado River for the Spaniard Hernando de Alarcon in 1540, native Americans have been making maps in the course of encounters with whites (the most recent maps often support land claims). This book charts the history of these cartographic encounters, examining native maps and mapmaking from the earliest contacts onward.
Mapping Native America: Cartography and indigenous autonomy by Daniel Gerard Cole,Imre Sutton Pdf
By borrowing an appropriate book title for our preface (Lewis 1998; Short 2009), we want to emphasize to readers that interactions between people regarding maps imply encounters. These books bring together three major players - indigenous peoples, government, and academia -, who, as participants in the mapping of indigenous America, have encountered each other, their knowledge and skills, and their cartographic products. Not that all three producers have entered equally into the creation of a great many maps, but that in direct and indirect ways mappable information has emanated from any of them independently or in association. Our contributors have variably recognized the role of maps in recording Native America and those responsible for the cartographic quantum. Such maps tell their own story over and above the interpretations given of them, but the producer or producers play important roles in not just the quality but the objectives in providing geographic information and/or producing maps. Let us add a few words about our perception of maps and the way in which cartography becomes a player in its own rights. Unto themselves, maps depict a piece of reality, sustain a record, and even tell or enhance a story. They reveal environmental truth and raise questions about nature and man's past, present and future. And they help identify and define homelands, borders, ecological niches and the like. But maps may also report in error, obscure, overlook, hide, or even falsify evidence in the natural or man-made environment. As bearers of symbolic information, maps combine elements of art and science and thus are applied products. Their efficacy depends on their purpose and design, as well as on their sources and accuracy; to some extent, on their timeliness, and, reasonably so, on the ability of users to interpret the data. The existence of maps does not presuppose their utility. All of these characterizations, one way or another, can be applied to the cartography of Native America -- to indigenous lands, peoples, cultures, and administration. A quantum of maps readily serves the researcher who would want to explore the cartographic history of native or indigenous1 territoriality, land transfers, reservations and resources. A wide range of maps provides researchers with collateral information that may or may not enhance a capacity to find and secure lands for native communities. Maps have recorded the encounter of indigenous villages and identification of native territories, the delimitation of treaty bounds of land cessions and reservations, the internal division of tribal lands into individual allotments (severalty on Indian reservations), and the critical mapping of land claims and minimal restoration of former territory and protection of sacred places. Later maps and air photos, satellite imagery, and other spatial data (GIS) explore the management of native lands held in trust by the federal government. This list is somewhat endless, for maps as tools and records -- benevolent or malevolent -- have assumed a major role in the administration of Native Americans.
There’s no excuse for getting lost these days—satellite maps on our computers can chart our journey in detail and electronics on our car dashboards instruct us which way to turn. But there was a time when the varied landscape of North America was largely undocumented, and expeditions like that of Lewis and Clark set out to map its expanse. As John Rennie Short argues in Cartographic Encounters, that mapping of the New World was only possible due to a unique relationship between the indigenous inhabitants and the explorers. In this vital reinterpretation of American history, Short describes how previous accounts of the mapping of the new world have largely ignored the fundamental role played by local, indigenous guides. The exchange of information that resulted from this “cartographic encounter” allowed the native Americans to draw upon their wide knowledge of the land in the hope of gaining a better position among the settlers. This account offers a radical new understanding of Western expansion and the mapping of the land and will be essential to scholars in cartography and American history.
Another America is the first book to present rare and seldom-seen maps made by Native Americans. These maps, which lay little known and little studied for the last three hundred years, open a window on the North American continent as it was understood and experienced by its original inhabitants. With meticulous research, this book brings to life the people, the places, and events of this Native American history. Each map is the focal point for a narrative on the traditions and experiences of the people involved with its creation. The historical and cultural context of the maps is used to illuminate the web of human, animal, natural, and spiritual relationships that shaped the Native American world. The maps record the efficiency of their oral traditions and the fullness with which the land was named, understood, and inhabited. They add a new depth of time to the North American landscape, and are a testament to human endurance and survival.
Historical Atlas of Native Americans by IAN BARNES Pdf
Historical Atlas of Native Americans is a detailed and comprehensive exploration of the social, political, and geographical history of the indigenous peoples or North America. With beautiful, computer-generated maps and charts based on the latest academic research, readers can see the original positioning of Native American peoples before the arrival of Europeans. Traditional language groups and trade routes are charted, along with their enforced movements to make way for colonizers. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of women in tribal society, the traditional familial and societal structures of Native Americans, and their diverse cultural values and practices. The atlas starts with the early migration of peoples across the Bering Land Bridge and follows how they spent their lives before European settlers arrived. This thorough guide includes detailed chapters on the remarkable civilizations of the Incas, Maya, and Aztecs, as well as the lesser-known Mississippian society, the Hohokum, and the Anasazi. The creation stories of different people, their art and culture, plus kinship and the way their societies were constructed are discussed, while maps show the complex trade routes that crossed the continent and the different languages they spoke. The book explores the crucial first contacts with European colonists, as well as the sometimes hostile interactions they had with explorers like the Vikings and Christopher Columbus. Over 100 color photographs and illustrations help illuminate the events that have shaped Native American history.
United States Military Academy. Library,Marie T. Capps,Theodore G. Stroup
Author : United States Military Academy. Library,Marie T. Capps,Theodore G. Stroup Publisher : Unknown Page : 94 pages File Size : 44,5 Mb Release : 1971 Category : United States ISBN : IND:30000090150503
Cybercartography in a Reconciliation Community by Stephanie Pyne,D. R. Fraser Taylor Pdf
Cybercartography in a Reconciliation Community: Engaging Intersecting Perspectives, Volume Eight gathers perspectives on issues related to reconciliation—primarily in a residential / boarding school context—and demonstrates the unifying power of Cybercartography by identifying intersections among different knowledge perspectives. Concerned with understanding approaches toward reconciliation and education, preference is given to reflexivity in research and knowledge dissemination. The positionality aspect of reflexivity is reflected in the chapter contributions concerning various aspects of cybercartographic atlas design and development research, and related activities. In this regard, the book offers theoretical and practical knowledge of collaborative transdisciplinary research through its reflexive assessment of the relationships, processes and knowledge involved in cybercartographic research. Using, most specifically, the Residential Schools Land Memory Mapping Project for context, Cybercartography in a Reconciliation Community provides a high speed tour through the project’s innovative collaborative approach to mapping institutional material and volunteered geographic information. Exploring Cybercartography through the lens of this atlas project provides for a comprehensive understanding of both Cybercartography and transdisciplinary research, while informing the reader of education and reconciliation initiatives in Canada, the U.S., the U.K. and Italy. Includes a variety of examples of reconciliation work, especially related to residential / boarding schools, and examines common themes in the issues discussed Offers both conceptual and applied dimensions, and provides a good example of a reflexive approach to both research and knowledge dissemination Addresses a modern application for Cybercartography that is of considerable societal importance Provides historiographical accounts of atlas-making processes, multidisciplinary perspectives on research issues and conceptual explorations
Mapping and Imagination in the Great Basin by Richard V. Francaviglia Pdf
"The Great Basin was the last region of continental North America to be explored and mapped, and it remained largely a mystery to European Americans until well into the nineteenth century. In Mapping and Imagination in the Great Basin, geographer-historian Richard Francaviglia shows how the Great Basin gradually emerged from its "cartographic silence" as Terra Incognita and how this fascinating process both paralleled the development of the sciences of surveying, geology, hydrology, and cartography, and reflected the changing geopolitical aspirations of the European colonial powers and the United States. Francaviglia's remarkable interdisciplinary account of the mapping of the Great Basin combines an exciting chronicle of the exploration of the region with a history of the art and science of cartography and of the political, economic, and cultural contexts in which maps are created. It also offers a compelling, wide-ranging discussion that combines a description of the daunting physical realities of the Great Basin with a cogent examination of the ways humans--from early Native Americans to nineteenth-century surveyors to twentieth-century highway and air travelers--have understood, defined, and organized this space, psychologically and through the medium of maps"--Jacket.
How the West Was Drawn explores the geographic and historical experiences of the Pawnees, the Iowas, and the Lakotas during the European and American contest for imperial control of the Great Plains during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. David Bernstein argues that the American West was a collaborative construction between Native peoples and Euro-American empires that developed cartographic processes and culturally specific maps, which in turn reflected encounter and conflict between settler states and indigenous peoples. Bernstein explores the cartographic creation of the Trans-Mississippi West through an interdisciplinary methodology in geography and history. He shows how the Pawnees and the Iowas—wedged between powerful Osages, Sioux, the horse- and captive-rich Comanche Empire, French fur traders, Spanish merchants, and American Indian agents and explorers—devised strategies of survivance and diplomacy to retain autonomy during this era. The Pawnees and the Iowas developed a strategy of cartographic resistance to predations by both Euro-American imperial powers and strong indigenous empires, navigating the volatile and rapidly changing world of the Great Plains by brokering their spatial and territorial knowledge either to stronger indigenous nations or to much weaker and conquerable American and European powers. How the West Was Drawn is a revisionist and interdisciplinary understanding of the global imperial contest for North America’s Great Plains that illuminates in fine detail the strategies of survival of the Pawnees, the Iowas, and the Lakotas amid accommodation to predatory Euro-American and Native empires.
Author : Helen Hornbeck Tanner Publisher : Civilization of the American I Page : 240 pages File Size : 52,7 Mb Release : 1987 Category : History ISBN : 0806120568
Exploring and Mapping Alaska by Alexey Postnikov,Marvin Falk Pdf
Russia first encountered Alaska in 1741 as part of the most ambitious and expensive expedition of the entire 18th century. During the next 126 years the struggle to develop and refine geographic knowledge of the vast region comprising northeastern Asia, the North Pacific, and Alaska met with many obstacles, including inclement weather, the chain of supply over great distances, the need to train expert navigators and cartographers, and false leads due to spurious voyage accounts. For much of this era, critical geographic knowledge was kept as a state secret in Russia and not shared, even with the very navigators and cartographers who were developing much needed maps and navigational aids. Despite this, a rich cartographic heritage developed to be carried forward into the American era. The traditional Russian cartographic methods were applied to new discoveries in Siberia and beyond. Early fur traders and explorers utilized this system which for a time co-existed with the new cartographic methodology utilized in Europe and adopted for use by the Russia of Peter the Great. It became an age of scientific exploration. Great Britain, France, Spain, but especially Russia, sent expeditions. An increasingly complete knowledge of the coasts of North America, with forays into the interior, emerged. Postnikov describes the explorations and richly illustrates how the resulting maps evolved and contributed to the world’s knowledge of one of the last great regions of the world to be explored.
