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Marine Biomass by Riti Thapar Kapoor,Mohd Rafatullah,Norli Ismail Pdf
Ocean plays a significant role in energy production, human health and economy. Seawater, seaweed, microalgae, yeast, bacteria act as feedstock for biofuels and bioproducts. This book focuses on the application of marine biomass for production of energy, fertilizers, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, bioplastics and other value-added products. It presents technological advancements and optimization strategies for enhancing process efficiency, overcoming challenges and maximizing the potential of marine-based biorefinery. It also describes how marine resources can be applied to wastewater treatment, eco-restoration, environment protection and sustainable development.
Biomass Conversion Processes for Energy and Fuels by Samir S. Sofer,Oskar R. Zaborsky Pdf
Countless pages have been written on alternative energy sources since the fall of 1973 when our dependence on fossil petroleum resources became a grim reality. One such alternative is the use of biomass for producing energy and liquid and gaseous fuels. The term "biomass" generally refers to renewable organic matter generated by plants through photosynthesis. Thus trees, agri cultural crops, and aquatic plants are prime sources of biomass. Furthermore, as these sources of biomass are harvested and processed into commercial prod ucts, residues and wastes are generated. These, together with municipal solid wastes, not only add to the total organic raw material base that can be utilized for energy purposes but they also need to be removed for environmental reasons. Biomass has been used since antiquity for energy and material needs. In is still one of the most sought-after energy sources in most of the fact, firewood world. Furthermore, wood was still a dominant energy source in the U. S. only a hundred years ago (equal with coal). Currently, biomass contributes about 15 2 quadrillion Btu (l quad = 10 Btu) of energy to our total energy consump tion of about 78 quad. Two quad may not seem large when compared to the contribution made by petroleum (38 quad) or natural gas (20 quad), but bio mass is nearly comparable to nuclear energy (2. 7 quad).
Marine Bioenergy by Se-Kwon Kim,Choul-Gyun Lee Pdf
Marine Bioenergy: Trends and Developments features the latest findings of leading scientists from around the world. Addressing the key aspects of marine bioenergy, this state-of-the-art text: Offers an introduction to marine bioenergy Explores marine algae as a source of bioenergy Describes biotechnological techniques for biofuel production Explains the production of bioenergy, including bioethanol, biomethane, biomethanol, biohydrogen, and biodiesel Covers bioelectricity and marine microbial fuel cell (MFC) production from marine algae and microbes Discusses marine waste for bioenergy Considers commercialization and the global market Marine Bioenergy: Trends and Developments provides a valuable springboard for marine bioenergy research and development, making the book a must-have reference for scientists, engineers, and students.
Efficiency of Biomass Energy by Krzysztof J. Ptasinski Pdf
Details energy and exergy efficiencies of all major aspects of bioenergy systems Covers all major bioenergy processes starting from photosynthesis and cultivation of biomass feedstocks and ending with final bioenergy products, like power, biofuels, and chemicals Each chapter includes historical developments, chemistry, major technologies, applications as well as energy, environmental and economic aspects in order to serve as an introduction to biomass and bioenergy A separate chapter introduces a beginner in easy accessible way to exergy analysis and the similarities and differences between energy and exergy efficiencies are underlined Includes case studies and illustrative examples of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd generation biofuels production, power and heat generation (thermal plants, fuel cells, boilers), and biorefineries Traditional fossil fuels-based technologies are also described in order to compare with the corresponding bioenergy systems
Lignocellulosic Fibre and Biomass-Based Composite Materials by Mohammad Jawaid,Paridah Md Tahir,Naheed Saba Pdf
Lignocellulosic Fibre and Biomass-Based Composite Materials reviews the development, characterization and applications of composite materials developed from the effective use of lignocellulosic fibre and biomass. The book gathers together a wide spectrum of cutting-edge research on biomass fillers and reinforcements used for the fabrication and synthesis of composites. The book takes a systematic approach, investigating processing, design, characterization and applications of biocomposites, in order to establish their important relationship as a general guideline for end-user applications. Beginning with an introduction to biomass and its composites, a team of leading experts in the field cover rice husk, kenaf, oil palm, alfa and doum fibres, bamboo, cork, and many other materials, considering a range of applications, along with key issues such as performance and sustainability. The groundbreaking research presented opens the door to obtaining advanced material characteristics and significant enhancements in physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. This will be become an extremely useful reference and technical guide for academic and industrial researchers in composite materials, as well as for advanced students and industrialists working in material commercialization. Gathers together a wide spectrum of research on lignocellulosic fiber and biomass fillers and reinforcements used for the fabrication and synthesis of composites Presents multidisciplinary work in relation to materials engineering, polymer chemistry and physics, materials processing, organic synthesis and industrial design and applications Demonstrates systematic approaches and investigations from processing, design, characterization and applications of biocomposites
Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts by R. Praveen Kumar,Edgard Gnansounou,Jegannathan Kenthorai Raman,Gurunathan Baskar Pdf
The utilization of various types of biomass residue to produce products such as biofuels and biochemicals means biorefinery technology using biomass residues may become a one-stop solution to the increasing need for sustainable, non-fossil sources of energy and chemicals. Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts: Technology, Advances, Life Cycle Assessment and Economics focuses on the various biorefineries currently available and discusses their uses, challenges, and future developments. This book introduces the concept of integrated biorefinery systems, as well as their operation and feedstock sourcing. It explores the specificities, current developments, and potential end products of various types of residue, from industrial and municipal to agricultural and marine, as well as residue from food industries. Sustainability issues are discussed at length, including life cycle assessment, economics, and cost analysis of different biorefinery models. In addition, a number of global case studies examine successful experiences in different regions. This book is an ideal resource for researchers and practitioners in the field of bioenergy and waste management who are looking to learn about technologies involved in residue biorefinery systems, how to reduce their environmental impacts, and how to ensure their commercial viability. Explores a range of different biorefinery categories, such as industrial, agricultural, and marine biomass residues Includes a Life Cycle Assessment of biorefinery models, in addition to costs and market analysis. Features case studies from around the world and is written by an international team of authors
Chemical Processes in Marine Environments by Antonio Gianguzza,Ezio Pelizzetti,Silvio Sammartano Pdf
This book discusses recent developments in the study of chemical processes and equilibria in the marine environment and in the air/water and water/sediment interfaces. The chemical cycle of carbon as well as the effect of organic substances on the speciation and distribution of inorganic and organometallic substances are extensively discussed. Much of the recent progress in the area is the direct result of advanced analytical technologies and chemometric applications which are highlighted in the book.