Marine Nitrogen Fixation

Author : Jonathan P. Zehr,Douglas G. Capone
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2021-04-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030677466

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Marine Nitrogen Fixation by Jonathan P. Zehr,Douglas G. Capone Pdf

This book aims to serve as a centralized reference document for students and researchers interested in aspects of marine nitrogen fixation. Although nitrogen is a critical element in both terrestrial and aquatic productivity, and nitrogen fixation is a key process that balances losses due to denitrification in both environments, most resources on the subject focuses on the biochemistry and microbiology of such processes and the organisms involved in the terrestrial environment on symbiosis in terrestrial systems, or on largely ecological aspects in the marine environment. This book is intended to provide an overview of N2 fixation research for marine researchers, while providing a reference on marine research for researchers in other fields, including terrestrial N2 fixation. This book bridges this knowledge gap for both specialists and non-experts, and provides an in-depth overview of the important aspects of nitrogen fixation as it relates to the marine environment. This resource will be useful for researchers in the specialized field, but also useful for scientists in other disciplines who are interested in the topic. It would provide a possible text for upper division classes or graduate seminars.

Author : Jonathan P. Zehr,Douglas G. Capone
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2022-04-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 3030677486

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Marine Nitrogen Fixation by Jonathan P. Zehr,Douglas G. Capone Pdf

This book aims to serve as a centralized reference document for students and researchers interested in aspects of marine nitrogen fixation. Although nitrogen is a critical element in both terrestrial and aquatic productivity, and nitrogen fixation is a key process that balances losses due to denitrification in both environments, most resources on the subject focuses on the biochemistry and microbiology of such processes and the organisms involved in the terrestrial environment on symbiosis in terrestrial systems, or on largely ecological aspects in the marine environment. This book is intended to provide an overview of N2 fixation research for marine researchers, while providing a reference on marine research for researchers in other fields, including terrestrial N2 fixation. This book bridges this knowledge gap for both specialists and non-experts, and provides an in-depth overview of the important aspects of nitrogen fixation as it relates to the marine environment. This resource will be useful for researchers in the specialized field, but also useful for scientists in other disciplines who are interested in the topic. It would provide a possible text for upper division classes or graduate seminars.

Author : Edward J. Carpenter,Douglas G. Capone
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 900 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2016-10-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483288291

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Nitrogen in the Marine Environment by Edward J. Carpenter,Douglas G. Capone Pdf

Nitrogen in the Marine Environment provides information pertinent to the many aspects of the nitrogen cycle. This book presents the advances in ocean productivity research, with emphasis on the role of microbes in nitrogen transformations with excursions to higher trophic levels. Organized into 24 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the abundance and distribution of the various forms of nitrogen in a number of estuaries. This text then provides a comparison of the nitrogen cycling of various ecosystems within the marine environment. Other chapters consider chemical distributions and methodology as an aid to those entering the field. This book discusses as well the enzymology of the initial steps of inorganic nitrogen assimilation. The final chapter deals with the philosophy and application of modeling as an investigative method in basic research on nitrogen dynamics in coastal and open-ocean marine environments. This book is a valuable resource for plant biochemists, microbiologists, aquatic ecologists, and bacteriologists.

Author : Susan Creagh
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 19 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Nitrogen
ISBN : 0724468838

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Nitrogen Fixation in the Marine Environment by Susan Creagh Pdf

Author : E.J. Carpenter,D.G. Capone
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401579773

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Marine Pelagic Cyanobacteria: Trichodesmium and other Diazotrophs by E.J. Carpenter,D.G. Capone Pdf

Planktonic marine cyanobacteria are abundant and significant in the biogeochemistry of the sea. This volume focuses on the filamentous cyanobacteria, particularly those in the genus Trichodesmium which are common in tropical and subtropical seas. A portion of this book also concerns bloom-forming cyanobacteria in the Baltic Sea area. Filamentous cyanobacteria are important as primary producers and for the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen and thus are significant in global cycling of both of these elements. In recent years, through the application of new techniques and intensive multi-disciplinary research programs, progress has been made in understanding both the biology of these cyanobacteria and their place in the marine food web. A broad range of topics is covered in this book, ranging from molecular biology, physiology, ultrastructure, enzyme localization, toxicology, remote sensing, buoyancy, herbivory and the ecology of these organisms in the marine food web. This volume is an outgrowth of a NATO-sponsored meeting held in May 1991 in Bamberg, Germany, and represents the latest synthesis on these marine phytoplankters.

Author : Angela Landolfi,Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido,Sophie Rabouille
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2021-04-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889666898

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Marine N2 Fixation: Recent Discoveries and Future Challenges by Angela Landolfi,Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido,Sophie Rabouille Pdf

Author : K.E. Cooksey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 562 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401149280

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Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean by K.E. Cooksey Pdf

Marine biological science is now studied at the molecular level and although research scientists depend on information gained using molecular techniques, there is no book explaining the philosophy of this approach. Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean introduces the reasons why molecular technology is such a powerful tool in the study of the oceans, describing the types of techniques that can be used, why they are useful and gives examples of their application. Molecular biological techniques allow phylogenetic relationships to be explored in a manner that no macroscopic method can; although the book deals with organisms near the base of the marine food web, the ideas can be used in studies of macroorganisms as well as those in freshwater environments.

Author : Etaro Wada,Akihiko Hattori
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1990-12-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 0849362733

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Nitrogen in the Sea by Etaro Wada,Akihiko Hattori Pdf

This book provides essential information regarding the dynamics and rate processes of nitrogenous compounds in the sea. Topics discussed include characteristics and behavior of nitrogen at the atomic, molecular, and isotopic levels; elemental rate processes and physico-chemical and biological factors; the dynamics of nitrogen in several representative marine ecosystems; and current progress in isotope marine biogeochemistry. The book emphasizes the distribution and variation of nitrogen isotopes, which can provide a novel approach to understanding nitrogen metabolisms occurring in marine ecosystems. Nitrogen in the Sea: Forms, Abundances, and Rate Processes should be considered an indispensable reference tool for researchers and post-graduate students interested in the nitrogen cycle in aquatic ecosystems

Author : Frans J. de Bruijn
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 2250 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2015-06-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118637098

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Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Frans J. de Bruijn Pdf

Nitrogen is arguably the most important nutrient required by plants. However, the availability of nitrogen is limited in many soils and although the earth's atmosphere consists of 78.1% nitrogen gas (N2) plants are unable to use this form of nitrogen. To compensate , modern agriculture has been highly reliant on industrial nitrogen fertilizers to achieve maximum crop productivity. However, a great deal of fossil fuel is required for the production and delivery of nitrogen fertilizer. Moreover carbon dioxide (CO2) which is released during fossil fuel combustion contributes to the greenhouse effect and run off of nitrate leads to eutrophication of the waterways. Biological nitrogen fixation is an alternative to nitrogen fertilizer. It is carried out by prokaryotes using an enzyme complex called nitrogenase and results in atmospheric N2 being reduced into a form of nitrogen diazotrophic organisms and plants are able to use (ammonia). It is this process and its major players which will be discussed in this book. Biological Nitrogen Fixation is a comprehensive two volume work bringing together both review and original research articles on key topics in nitrogen fixation. Chapters across both volumes emphasize molecular techniques and advanced biochemical analysis approaches applicable to various aspects of biological nitrogen fixation. Volume 1 explores the chemistry and biochemistry of nitrogenases, nif gene regulation, the taxonomy, evolution, and genomics of nitrogen fixing organisms, as well as their physiology and metabolism. Volume 2 covers the symbiotic interaction of nitrogen fixing organisms with their host plants, including nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation, plant and microbial "omics", cyanobacteria, diazotrophs and non-legumes, field studies and inoculum preparation, as well as nitrogen fixation and cereals. Covering the full breadth of current nitrogen fixation research and expanding it towards future advances in the field, Biological Nitrogen Fixation will be a one-stop reference for microbial ecologists and environmental microbiologists as well as plant and agricultural researchers working on crop sustainability.

Author : P. S. Bhavya,Sang Heon Lee,Bo Kyung Kim
Publisher : Mdpi AG
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2022-07-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 3036546677

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Marine Nitrogen Fixation and Phytoplankton Ecology by P. S. Bhavya,Sang Heon Lee,Bo Kyung Kim Pdf

Many oceans are currently undergoing rapid changes in environmental conditions such as warming temperature, acidic water condition, coastal hypoxia, etc. These changes could lead to dramatic changes in the biology and ecology of phytoplankton and consequently impact the entire marine ecosystems and global biogeochemical cycles. Marine phytoplankton can be an important indicator for the changes in marine environments and ecosystems since they are major primary producers that consolidate solar energy into various organic matter transferred to marine ecosystems throughout the food-webs. Similarly, the N2 fixers (diazotrophs) are also vulnerable to changing environmental conditions. It has been found that the polar regions can be introduced to diazotrophic activity under warming conditions and the increased N availability can lead to elevated primary productivity. Considering the fundamental roles of phytoplankton in marine ecosystems and global biogeochemical cycles, it is important to understand phytoplankton ecology and N2 fixation as a potential N source in various oceans. This Special Issue provides ecological and biogeochemical baselines in a wide range of geographic study regions for the changes in marine environments and ecosystems driven by global climate changes.

Author : Igor A. Tikhonovich,Nikolai A. Provorov,Vassily I. Romanov,William E. Newton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 812 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401103794

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Nitrogen Fixation: Fundamentals and Applications by Igor A. Tikhonovich,Nikolai A. Provorov,Vassily I. Romanov,William E. Newton Pdf

Nitrogen fixation research is presented as a rapidly developing, synergistic area of modern science, using the methods of, and accumulating data from, many fundamental branches of biology and chemistry. These include catalytic mechanisms, protein structure and function, molecular organization of genes and the regulation of their activities, biochemistry of plants and microorganisms, the signalling and surface interactions between organisms, microbial taxonomy and evolution, formal and population genetics, and ecology. The relationships between biological nitrogen fixation research and different branches of applied biology are addressed and analyzed, such as: the monitoring of genetically engineered microorganisms, selection of plant-associated microbes, plant breeding, increasing the protein content of crops, providing ecologically safe food production, and diminishing the chemical pollution of the environment. Immediate impacts and long-term prospects for nitrogen fixation research are presented: both fundamentals and applications.

Author : T. Henry Blackburn,Jan Sorensen,Jan Sørensen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1988-03-21
Category : Science
ISBN : UCSD:31822036170066

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Nitrogen Cycling in Coastal Marine Environments by T. Henry Blackburn,Jan Sorensen,Jan Sørensen Pdf

Nitrogen discharge to the coastal environment has been increasing, posing the threat of accelerated eutrofication. Considerable research has been conducted in recent years to examine the impact of the nitrogen loading in coastal ecosystems. Based on proceedings from a SCOPE symposium held at the University of Aarhus in July of 1985, this volume covers a variety of up-to-date developments in research on nitrogen cycling in coastal marine environments. Topics include the role of nitrogen in algal productivity, regeneration of nutrients in the water column and the sediments, and the flow of nitrogen in coastal ecosystems.

Author : Mick Follows,Temel Oguz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2004-08-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 1402020864

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The Ocean Carbon Cycle and Climate by Mick Follows,Temel Oguz Pdf

Our desire to understand the global carbon cycle and its link to the climate system represents a huge challenge. These overarching questions have driven a great deal of scientific endeavour in recent years: What are the basic oceanic mechanisms which control the oceanic carbon reservoirs and the partitioning of carbon between ocean and atmosphere? How do these mechanisms depend on the state of the climate system and how does the carbon cycle feed back on climate? What is the current rate at which fossil fuel carbon dioxide is absorbed by the oceans and how might this change in the future? To begin to answer these questions we must first understand the distribution of carbon in the ocean, its partitioning between different ocean reservoirs (the "solubility" and "biological" pumps of carbon), the mechanisms controlling these reservoirs, and the relationship of the significant physical and biological processes to the physical environment. The recent surveys from the JGOFS and WOCE (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study and World Ocean Circulation Ex periment) programs have given us a first truly global survey of the physical and biogeochemical properties of the ocean. These new, high quality data provide the opportunity to better quantify the present oceans reservoirs of carbon and the changes due to fossil fuel burning. In addition, diverse process studies and time-series observations have clearly revealed the complexity of interactions between nutrient cycles, ecosystems, the carbon-cycle and the physical envi ronment.

Author : N. S. Subba Rao
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521417538

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Current Developments in Biological Nitrogen Fixation by N. S. Subba Rao Pdf

This volume discusses the most recent advances in biological nitrogen fixation, with chapters written by experts on the ecology, physiology, biochemistry and genetics of biological nitrogen fixation.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Development of an Integrated Science Strategy for Ocean Acidification Monitoring
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2010-10-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309153591

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Ocean Acidification by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on the Development of an Integrated Science Strategy for Ocean Acidification Monitoring Pdf

The ocean has absorbed a significant portion of all human-made carbon dioxide emissions. This benefits human society by moderating the rate of climate change, but also causes unprecedented changes to ocean chemistry. Carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean decreases the pH of the water and leads to a suite of chemical changes collectively known as ocean acidification. The long term consequences of ocean acidification are not known, but are expected to result in changes to many ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean reviews the current state of knowledge, explores gaps in understanding, and identifies several key findings. Like climate change, ocean acidification is a growing global problem that will intensify with continued CO2 emissions and has the potential to change marine ecosystems and affect benefits to society. The federal government has taken positive initial steps by developing a national ocean acidification program, but more information is needed to fully understand and address the threat that ocean acidification may pose to marine ecosystems and the services they provide. In addition, a global observation network of chemical and biological sensors is needed to monitor changes in ocean conditions attributable to acidification.