Market Institutions In Sub Saharan Africa

Author : Marcel Fafchamps
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 543 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2003-12-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780262262705

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Market Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa by Marcel Fafchamps Pdf

An analysis of recent data on the economic behavior of market institutions in sub-Saharan Africa, with implications for future research and current policy. In Market Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa, Marcel Fafchamps synthesizes the results of recent surveys of indigenous market institutions in twelve countries, including Benin, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, and Zimbabwe, and presents findings about economics exchange in Africa that have implications both for future research and current policy. Employing empirical data as well as theoretical models that clarify the data, Fafchamps takes as his unifying principle the difficulties of contract enforcement. Arguing that in an unpredictable world contracts are not always likely to be respected, he shows that contract agreements in sub-Saharan Africa are affected by the absence of large hierarchies (both corporate and governmental) and as a result must depend to a greater degree than in more developed economies on social networks and personal trust. Fafchamps considers policy recommendations as they apply to countries in three different stages of development: countries with undeveloped market institutions, like Ghana; countries at an intermediate stage, like Kenya; and countries with developed market institutions, like Zimbabwe. Market Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa caps ten years of personal research by the author. Fafchamps, in collaboration with such institutions as the Africa Division of the World Bank and the International Food Policy Research Institute, participated in the surveys of manufacturing firms and agricultural traders that provide the empirical basis for the book. The result is a work that makes a significant contribution to research on the continuing economic stagnation of many countries in sub-Saharan Africa and is also largely accessible to researchers in other fields and policy professionals.

Author : Corinne Deléchat,Ms.Smita Wagh,Mr.Gustavo Ramirez,Mr.John Wakeman-Linn
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 39 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2009-05-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781451872613

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Sub-Saharan Africa's Integration in the Global Financial Markets by Corinne Deléchat,Ms.Smita Wagh,Mr.Gustavo Ramirez,Mr.John Wakeman-Linn Pdf

The paper uses a unique database covering 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries between 2000 and 2007 to study the determinants of the allocation and composition of flows across countries, as well as channels through which private capital flows could affect growth. In our sample, the degree of financial market development is an important determinant of the distribution of capital flows across countries as opposed to property rights institutions. The fairly consistent positive association between net capital flows and growth for SSA countries contrasts with the more pessimistic results of recent studies, though our data do not allow us to make conclusive inferences about a causality relationship.

Author : Eleanor M. Fox,Mor Bakhoum
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780190930998

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Making Markets Work for Africa by Eleanor M. Fox,Mor Bakhoum Pdf

This is a book on market law and policy in sub-Saharan Africa. It shows how markets can be harnessed by poorer and developing economies to help make the markets work for them: to help them integrate into the world economy and raise the standard of living for their people while preserving their values of inclusive development. It studies particular countries and particular regions, delving deeply into the facts.

Author : Mr.Montfort Mlachila,Ahmat Jidoud,Ms.Monique Newiak,Bozena Radzewicz-Bak,Ms.Misa Takebe
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 79 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2016-09-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781475532401

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Financial Development in Sub-Saharan Africa by Mr.Montfort Mlachila,Ahmat Jidoud,Ms.Monique Newiak,Bozena Radzewicz-Bak,Ms.Misa Takebe Pdf

This paper discusses how sub-Saharan Africa’s financial sector developed in the past few decades, compared with other regions. Sub-Saharan African countries have made substantial progress in financial development over the past decade, but there is still considerable scope for further development, especially compared with other regions. Indeed, until a decade or so ago, the level of financial development in a large number of sub-Saharan African countries had actually regressed relative to the early 1980s. With the exception of the region’s middle-income countries, both financial market depth and institutional development are lower than in other developing regions. The region has led the world in innovative financial services based on mobile telephony, but there remains scope to increase financial inclusion further. The development of mobile telephone-based systems has helped to incorporate a large share of the population into the financial system, especially in East Africa. Pan-African banks have been a driver for homegrown financial development, but they also bring a number of challenges.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2001-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821348574

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Education and Health in Sub-Saharan Africa by Anonim Pdf

This book discusses the prevalent process of commodity market reform in the specific context of cocoa, coffee, cotton, grains and sugar markets, and provides lessons by selectively drawing on cross-country experience in those markets. The commodity markets covered in this book deserve special attention for the following reasons. A? They play an important role in many developing countries. A? These markets illustrate how well special features can influence the reform process and illustrate the importance of taking initial conditions into account when designing reform. A? Experience from commodity markets illustrates how long-standing interventions can crowd out markets and institutions geared toward the support of private markets. A? Close examination of liberalization at the commodity level shows the practical ways that changes in marketing systems can result in a shift in political power away from the government and toward the private sector in the design and implementation of commodity subsector policies. This book focuses on commodity-specific conditions that quickened or slowed the pace of reform and looks at the relationship between changing markets and institutions. It argues that the benefits of market reform and trade liberalization are only fully realized when the supporting factor markets and the institutions work.

Author : Ernest Aryeetey
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1997-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821338617

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Financial Market Fragmentation and Reforms in Sub-Saharan Africa by Ernest Aryeetey Pdf

FIAS Occasional Paper No. 9. Many developing countries have made dramatic progress in promoting private sector participation in their infrastructure sectors, especially with the help of foreign investors. However, this has not been the case in Southern and Eastern Africa, which have been perceived as relatively unattractive locations for investment. This paper describes the state of infrastructure in the region, takes stock of actual and potential projects in the various sectors, and analyzes the main impediments to private investment in the region's infrastructure services.

Author : Willem van der Geest,Ganeshan Wignaraja
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 70 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Africa, Sub-Saharan
ISBN : CORNELL:31924078660499

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Adjustment, Employment and Labour Market Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa in the 1990s by Willem van der Geest,Ganeshan Wignaraja Pdf

Author : International Labour Office. Employment and Training Department
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 59 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Africa, Sub-Saharan
ISBN : 9221105040

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Adjustment, Employment and Labour Market Institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa by International Labour Office. Employment and Training Department Pdf

Author : Gaëlle Balineau,Arthur Bauer,Martin Kessler,Nicole Madariaga
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464815898

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Food Systems in Africa by Gaëlle Balineau,Arthur Bauer,Martin Kessler,Nicole Madariaga Pdf

Rapid population growth, poorly planned urbanization, and evolving agricultural production and distribution practices are changing foodways in African cities and creating challenges: Africans are increasingly facing hunger, undernutrition, and malnutrition. Yet change also creates new opportunities. The food economy currently is the main source of jobs on the continent, promising more employment in the near future in farming, food processing, and food product distribution. These opportunities are undermined, however, by inefficient links among farmers, intermediaries, and consumers, leading to the loss of one-third of all food produced. This volume is an in-depth analysis of food system shortcomings in three West African cities: Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire; Rabat, Morocco; and Niamey, Niger. Using the lens of geographical economics and sociology, the authors draw on quantitative and qualitative field surveys and case studies to offer insightful analyses of political institutions. They show the importance of “hard†? physical infrastructure, such as transport, storage, and wholesale and retail market facilities. They also describe the “soft†? infrastructure of institutions that facilitate trade, such as interpersonal trust, market information systems, and business climates. The authors find that the vague mandates and limited capacities of national trade and agriculture ministries, regional and urban authorities, neighborhood councils, and market cooperatives often hamper policy interventions. This volume comes to a simple conclusion: international development policy makers and their financial and technical partners have neglected urban markets for far too long, and now is the time to rethink and reinvest in this complex yet crucial subject.

Author : Jean-Philippe Platteau
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2015-12-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136600456

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Institutions, Social Norms and Economic Development by Jean-Philippe Platteau Pdf

In order for economic specialization to develop, it is important that well-defined property rights are established and that suspicion and fear of fraud do not pervade transactions. Such conditions cannot be created ex abrubto, but must somehow evolve. What needs to develop is not only suitable practices and rules themselves, but also the public agencies and moral environment without which generalized trust is difficult to establish. The cultural endowment of societies as they have developed over their particular histories is bound to play a major role in this regard, and the matter of cultual endowment is one of the central themes of this book. On the other hand, division of labour does not only require well-enforced property rights and trust in economic dealings. It is also critically conditioned by the thickness of economic space, itself dependent on population density. This provides the second major theme of the volume: market development, including the development of private property rights is not possible, or will remain very incomplete, if populations are thinly spread over large areas of land. The book makes special reference to sub-Saharan Africa.

Author : Cesar Calderon
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464815515

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Boosting Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa by Cesar Calderon Pdf

Economic growth in the Sub-Saharan Africa region has been plagued by a series of shocks—wars, political instability, natural disasters, epidemics, terms-of-trade deterioration, and sudden stops in capital inflows—that have had lingering effects on productivity and growth. Within the overall productivity gap of the region are substantial differences across the sectors of economic activity and production units. Boosting Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa: Policies and Institutions to Promote Efficiency documents the productivity trends in Sub-Saharan Africa in three different dimensions, assessing productivity at the aggregate level, the sectoral level, and the establishment level. It characterizes the evolution of productivity in the region relative to other countries and regions, as well as country groups in Africa, classified by their degree of natural resource abundance and condition of fragility. The volume suggests that the persistence of the productivity gap in Africa vis-à -vis the technological frontier can be attributed to the slow accumulation of physical and human capital relative to the region’s growing population, as well as the poor allocation of these resources. These allocative inefficiencies are the outcome of policies and institutions that introduce distortions in the decision-making process of individuals. Hence, the volume assesses the implications of production decisions across agricultural farms and manufacturing firms. It presents evidence on aggregate productivity from the perspective of production units, using recent household surveys for farmers and firm-level surveys for select countries, as well as frontier estimation techniques. It documents the extent of severe resource misallocation across agricultural and manufacturing production units. These distortions decelerate the growth of the production units, disincentivize their adoption of productivity-enhancing technologies, and reduce the ability of their peers to learn new techniques. Boosting Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa highlights the adoption of digital technologies to reduce some of these market frictions. Mobile money has increased financial inclusion in several countries, and digital financial technologies have given individuals access to savings instruments and loan products. Enhancing access to credit can help individuals invest in schooling and overcome the costs of formality. The volume discusses further avenues of research that may provide additional insights on the productivity dynamics across countries in the region, and it identifies the different channels of policy transmission to enhance productivity. The empirical work presented can help to guide the design of policy in the region.

Author : Sebastian Groh
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 63 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2009-10-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783640438662

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Efficient Market Hypothesis in Africa’s Sub-Saharan Stock Markets by Sebastian Groh Pdf

Bachelor Thesis from the year 2009 in the subject Economics - Case Scenarios, grade: 1,3, University of Mannheim (Lehrstuhl für Volkswirtschaftslehre, insbes. Ökonometrie), course: Bachelorarbeit, language: English, abstract: In recent years foreign aid was often conditioned on good institutions. Due to this course the development of financial institutions has been considered vital for the development process. This thesis points in its theoretical part to the positive effects of efficient stock markets on economic growth and examines empirically the efficiency of Africa’s sub-Saharan stock markets. Results are then compared with the same tests on four emerging markets in Asia and as a benchmark on S&P 500 and DAX. It discusses further the relationship between market efficiency and financial crisis and comes to the conclusion that a crisis worsens the respective efficiency level. Nevertheless, all African markets are at least able to pass the critical lowest hurdle of market efficiency. However, conclusions from the research propose, that the Asian markets perform better than the African markets, although the study comes to some inconclusive results. Limits to the efficient market hypothesis itself and its empirical analysis are shown throughout the paper. The study suggests that former reforms need to be intensified in order to avoid a further increase in overall income inequalities.

Author : Ms.Catherine A. Pattillo,Ms.Anne Marie Gulde,Mr.Kevin Joseph Carey,Ms.Smita Wagh,Mr.Jakob Christensen
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2006-08-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1589065654

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Sub-Saharan Africa by Ms.Catherine A. Pattillo,Ms.Anne Marie Gulde,Mr.Kevin Joseph Carey,Ms.Smita Wagh,Mr.Jakob Christensen Pdf

Financial sectors in low-income sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are among the world's least developed. In fact, assets in most low-income African countries are smaller than those held by a single medium-sized bank in an industrial country. The absence of deep, efficient financial markets seriously challenges policy making, hinders poverty alleviation, and constrains growth. This book argues that building efficient and sound financial sectors in SSA countries will improve Africa's economic prospects. Based on a review of the key features of financial systems, it discusses the main obstacles and challenges that financial structures pose for SSA economies and recommends steps that could address major shortcomings in implementing the reform agenda.

Author : Tyler Biggs,Manju Kedia Shah
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 41 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Business networks
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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African Small and Medium Enterprises, Networks, and Manufacturing Performance by Tyler Biggs,Manju Kedia Shah Pdf

"This paper examines the role of private support institutions in determining small and medium enterprise (SME) growth and performance in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It finds that SMEs in SSA get around market failures and lack of formal institutions by creating private governance systems in the form of long-term business relationships and tight, ethnically-based, business networks. There are important links between these informal governance institutions and SME performance. Networks raise the performance of "insiders" and, in the sparse business environments of the SSA region, have attendant negative consequences for market participation of "outsiders," such as indigenous African SMEs. This is indicated through the determinants of access to supplier credit. Policy interventions will be needed to improve the platform for relation-based governance mechanisms and to address the exclusionary effects of tight networks. "

Author : Charles Amo Yartey,Charles Komla Adjasi
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2007-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : UCSD:31822035536093

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Stock Market Development in Sub-Saharan Africa by Charles Amo Yartey,Charles Komla Adjasi Pdf

This paper examines the economic importance of stock markets in Africa. It discusses policy options for promoting the development of the stock market in Africa. The results of the paper show that the stock markets have contributed to the financing of the growth of large corporations in certain African countries. An econometric investigation of the impact of stock markets on growth in selected African countries, however, finds inconclusive evidence even though stock market value traded seem to be positively and significantly associated with growth. African stock exchanges now face the challenge of integration and need better technical and institutional development to address the problem of low liquidity. Preconditions for successful regional approaches include the harmonization of legislations such as bankruptcy and accounting laws and a liberalized trade regime. Robust electronic trading systems and central depository systems will be important. Further domestic financial liberalization such as steps to improve the legal and accounting framework, private sector credit evaluation capabilities, and public sector regulatory oversight would also be beneficial.